Preparações farmacêuticas obtidas por extração

Helou, João Haikal

doi:10.1590/S0102-695X1989000100012

Resumo

O autor tece considerações sobre diversas preparações farmacêuticas obtidas por extração dando enfase aquelas contidas na Farmacopéia Brasileira, elabora quadro sinótico onde são analisadas as tinturas, extratos fluidos; mencionando em cada caso: a droga, a parte usada, a divisão e ou pulverização, o processo de preparação, o líquido extrator, o adjuvante, o teor de princípios ativos e a edição da Farmacopéia onde se encontra a preparação.

VARIEDADES

Preparações farmacêuticas obtidas por extração

Pharmaceutical preparations obtained of the extraction

João Haikal Helou

Prof. Titular do Departamento de Farmácia da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo Caixa Postal 30.780 São Paulo, SP Brasil

RESUMO

O autor tece considerações sobre diversas preparações farmacêuticas obtidas por extração dando enfase aquelas contidas na Farmacopéia Brasileira, elabora quadro sinótico onde são analisadas as tinturas, extratos fluidos; mencionando em cada caso: a droga, a parte usada, a divisão e ou pulverização, o processo de preparação, o líquido extrator, o adjuvante, o teor de princípios ativos e a edição da Farmacopéia onde se encontra a preparação.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

LEITURAS RECOMENDADAS

Revistas

ANJOS, A.C. Contribuiçăo ao emprego de substâncias tensoativas em processos de extraçăo. Curitiba, PR, 1965.
ANJOS, O.P. & ANJOS, A.C. Liçőes de farmacotécnica. 2.ed. Curitiba, 1964.
CARVALHO, L.S. - Preparaciones liquidas para use oral. In: POZO, A. del & IRIARTE, E.G. Enciclopédia farmacęutica. Barcelona, Cientifico 1963. v.2.
CASADIO, S. Tecnologia farmacęutica. 2.ed. Milano, Cisalpino-Goliardica, 1972. v.2.
CODEX medicamentarius gallicus; codex francais; pharmacopée francaise. 8. ed. Paris, Ordre National des Pharmaciens, 1965.
FARMACOPÉIA dos Estados Unidos do Brasil. 2.ed. Săo Paulo, Indústria Gráfica Siqueira, 1959.
FARMACOPÉIA brasileira. 3.ed. Săo Paulo, Organizaçăo Andrei, 1977.
FOSS, N.E. Liquid or solid dosage forms prepared by extraction (tinc tures, fluid-extracts, extracts, resins and oleoresins). In: AMERICAN pharmacy: an introduction to pharmaceutical technics and dosage forms. 6.ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1966.
GORIS, A.; LIOT, A.; JANOT, M.M.; GORIS, A. Fharmacie galénique. 3.ed. Paris, Masson, 1949.
MOTOASCA, G. & WALKER, C.C. Extraction and extractives. In: REMINGTON, J.P. Pharmaceutical sciences. 14.ed. Easton, Mack, 1970.
NATIONAL formulary. 14.ed. Washington, American Pharmaceutical Association, 1975.
PRISTA, N.N.; ALVES, A.C.; MORGADO, R.M.R. Técnica farmacęutica e farmácia galénica. 2.ed. Lisboa, Fundaçăo Calouste Gulbenkian, 1979. v.1.
PRISTA, N.N:; ALVES, A.C.; MORGADO, R.M.R. Técnica farmacęutica e farmácia galénica. 3.ed. Lisboa, Fundaçăo Calouste Gulbenkian, 1981. v.2.
ROWE, T.D. & ZOGRAFI, G. -Solutions using mixed systems: spirits, elixirs, and extracted products. In: AMERICAN pharmacy: an introduction to pharmaceutical techniques and dosage forms. 7.ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1974.
SILVA, R.A.D. - Pharmacopeia dos Estados Unidos do Brasil. Săo Paulo, Melhoramentos, s.d.
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ALVAREZ DE LA VEGA, F. - Sobre la conservacion de los preparados de "Filixmas". Galenica Acta, Madrid, 1(2):73-82, 1949.
BERINGER, G.M. - Fluidglycerates. Proc. Amer. pharm. Ass., Baltimore, 56: 981-1010, 1908.
BERTRAND, M. - Remarques sur la fabrication semi-industrielle de l'extrait-fluid de kola. Ann. pharm. franc., Paris, 8:414-7, 1950.
BETTOLO, G.S.M. - Gli estratti de piante nella moderna farmacia. Farmaco, Ed. prat., Pavia, 22:243-54, 1967.
BROCHMANN-NANSSEN, E. - Studies on the effects of surface-active agents on the extraction of crude drugs. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., sci. Ed., Washington, 43:27-31, 1954.
BURLACE, H.M. & HAWKINS, D.B. - Pharmaceutical applications of isopropyl alcohol. I.As a solvent in pharmaceutical manufacturing. J. Amer. pharm. Ass.,sci. Ed., Washington, 35:379-84, 1935.
BUTLER, W.J. & WIESE, G.A. - The effect of certain nonionic wetting agents in extraction of alkaloidal drugs. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., sci. Ed., Washington, 42:382-5, 1953.
CADORNIGA CARRO, R. - Los agentes tensoactivos en los procesos de extracción. An. Acad. Farm., Madrid, 26:239-46, 1960.
CADORNICA CARRO, R. - Posibles mecanismos de accion de los agentes tensoactivos anionicos en los procesos extractivos. Farmaco, Ed.prat., Pavia, 17:646-62, 1962.
CADORNICA, C.R. & ARAZOSA, A.M. - Influencia de algunos agentes tensoactivos en la extracción de aloe de El Cabo. Galenica Acta, Madrid, 13(4):235-58, 1960.
CARLASSARE, M. -Proposte per la Farmacopea: estratto fluido di balsamo del Tolu. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 119:731-7, 1980.
CREANGA, E.; URICARU, N.; BOTEZ, A.; SIMIONOVICI, M. --- Preparazione di un estratto non igroscopico dalle foglie di belladonna.
DAL BROLLO, F.; POLASEK, G.; RICAMONTI, S. Alcune esperienze sulla liofilizzazione a estratto. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 99:367-72, 1960.
DAVY, E.D. -The preparation of tinctures by the dilution of fluidextracts. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 8:112-4, 1919.
DEAN, S.J.; BRODIE, D.C.; BROCHMANN-HANSSEN, E.; RIEGELMAN, S. The preparation of belladona and stramonium. Tinctures through the use of the colloid mill. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., sci.Ed., Washington, 42:88-90, 1953.
DEL POZO, A. Estudios acerca del extracto seco de belladonna. Galenica Acta, Madrid, 2:17-60, 1949.
DERKATCH, S.; GOLDBERG, A.; STIGI, J.; GREENBERG, I.; FONDA, L.D. -Effects of tween 80 in the extraction od crude vegetable drugs. II. Hydrastis. Drug Stand., Washington, 23:32-4, 1955.
DI RENZO, N. Controlli complementari sui principal estratti fitoterapici della F.U. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 117:268-74, 1978.
DOBLER, F. Die tinctura in der geschichte der pharmazie. Eine historich--experimentelle studie. Pharin. Acta Helv., Zurich, 33:765-96, 1958.
DU BAN, G. - Estratti. Loro caracteristiche e metodi di preparazione. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 100:40-62, 1961.
GALLO, U. Gli estratti fitoterapici nella tecnica farmaceutica. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 106:275-91, 1967.
GRACZA, L. -Zur standardisierung undhaltbarkeit cumarin-haltiger tinkturen. Dtsch. Apoth. Ztg., Stuttgart, 117:1865-8, 1977.
GRECO, S.J. & DUMEZ, A.G. -Experiments with the pressure cooker in drug extraction. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., sci.Ed., Washington, 39:560-4, 1950.
GUTH, E. & LANGENHAN, H. -Studies in extraction as applied to N.F. preparations. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 20:746-54, 1931.
COVEN, K.C.; GOLUAN, S.; ALTINKURT, T. The stability of belladonna ex tract. Eczacil. Butt., Istanbul, 20:9-12, 1978.
HUSA, W.J. & MAGID, L. Drug extraction. I. A study of various menstrua from the stand point of swelling effects, penetration and extraction. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 23:891-901, 1934.
HUSA, W.J. & HUYCK, C.L. Drug extraction. II. The effect of fineness of powder and of variation in solvents on the percolation ofbelladonmaroot. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 24:446-50, 1935.
HUSA, W.J. & YATES, S.B. Drug extraction. III. The formation of preliminary maceration in relation to the percolation of belladonna root. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 24:538-43, 1935.
HUSA, W.J. & FEHDER, P. Drug extraction. IV. The effect of variation in solvents on the extraction of jalap. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 24:615-9, 1935.
HUSA, W.J. & MAGID, L. Drug extraction. V. The extraction of belladonna root with glycerinic menstrua. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 24:839-40, 1935.
HUSA, W.J. & MAGID, L. Drug extraction. VI. Determination of the pressure exerced by a drug during percolation. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 25:10-5, 1936.
HUSA,W.J. & HUYCK, C.L. Drug extraction. VII. The effect of method of pac king on efficiency of percolation. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington,25: 110-2, 1936.
HUSA, W.J. & HUYCK, C.L. Drug extraction. VIII. The effect of maceration and rate flow on the efficiency of percolation. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 25:311-3, 1936.
HUSA, W.J. & HUYCK, C.L. Drug extraction. IX. The efficiency of repercola tion for belladona root and nux vomica. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 25:391-3, 1936.
HUSA, W.J. & JONES, G.R. Drug extraction. X. The swelling of powdered drugs in liquids. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:20-3, 1937.
HUSA, W.J. & FEHDER, P. Drug extraction. XI. The extraction of jalap. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:121-4, 1937.
HUSA, W.J. & FEHDER, P. Drug extraction. XII. The effect of variation in proportion of moistening liquid on the percolation of jalap. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:220-2, 1937.
HUSA, W.J. & FENDER, P. Drug extraction. XIII. The extraction of ipomea. J.Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:319-21, 1937.
HUSA, W.J. & FEEDER, P. Drug extraction. XIV. The extraction of podophyllum. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:1246-7, 1937.
HUSA,W.J. & FENDER, P. Drug extraction. XV. A study of fractional perco lation. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 27:105-13, 1938.
HUSA, W.J. & HUYCK, C.L.. Drug extraction. XVI. The effect of the form of the percolator on the efficiency of extraction. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 27:205-7, 1938.
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Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
05 Mar 2010
Data do Fascículo
1989

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

[1] ANJOS, A.C. Contribuiçăo ao emprego de substâncias tensoativas em processos de extraçăo. Curitiba, PR, 1965.

[2] ANJOS, O.P. & ANJOS, A.C. Liçőes de farmacotécnica. 2.ed. Curitiba, 1964.

[3] CARVALHO, L.S. - Preparaciones liquidas para use oral. In: POZO, A. del & IRIARTE, E.G. Enciclopédia farmacęutica. Barcelona, Cientifico 1963. v.2.

[4] CASADIO, S. Tecnologia farmacęutica. 2.ed. Milano, Cisalpino-Goliardica, 1972. v.2.

[5] CODEX medicamentarius gallicus; codex francais; pharmacopée francaise. 8. ed. Paris, Ordre National des Pharmaciens, 1965.

[6] FARMACOPÉIA dos Estados Unidos do Brasil. 2.ed. Săo Paulo, Indústria Gráfica Siqueira, 1959.

[7] FARMACOPÉIA brasileira. 3.ed. Săo Paulo, Organizaçăo Andrei, 1977.

[8] FOSS, N.E. Liquid or solid dosage forms prepared by extraction (tinc tures, fluid-extracts, extracts, resins and oleoresins). In: AMERICAN pharmacy: an introduction to pharmaceutical technics and dosage forms. 6.ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1966.

[9] GORIS, A.; LIOT, A.; JANOT, M.M.; GORIS, A. Fharmacie galénique. 3.ed. Paris, Masson, 1949.

[10] MOTOASCA, G. & WALKER, C.C. Extraction and extractives. In: REMINGTON, J.P. Pharmaceutical sciences. 14.ed. Easton, Mack, 1970.

[11] NATIONAL formulary. 14.ed. Washington, American Pharmaceutical Association, 1975.

[12] PRISTA, N.N.; ALVES, A.C.; MORGADO, R.M.R. Técnica farmacęutica e farmácia galénica. 2.ed. Lisboa, Fundaçăo Calouste Gulbenkian, 1979. v.1.

[13] PRISTA, N.N:; ALVES, A.C.; MORGADO, R.M.R. Técnica farmacęutica e farmácia galénica. 3.ed. Lisboa, Fundaçăo Calouste Gulbenkian, 1981. v.2.

[14] ROWE, T.D. & ZOGRAFI, G. -Solutions using mixed systems: spirits, elixirs, and extracted products. In: AMERICAN pharmacy: an introduction to pharmaceutical techniques and dosage forms. 7.ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1974.

[15] SILVA, R.A.D. - Pharmacopeia dos Estados Unidos do Brasil. Săo Paulo, Melhoramentos, s.d.

[16] SILVA, R.A.D. -- Pharmacopeia dos Estados Unidos do Brasil. A Gazeta da Farmácia, (Suppl. 19 e 29), Rio de Janeiro, 1947.

[17] SILVA, R.A.D. Pharmacopeia dos Estados Unidos do Brasil. A Gazeta da Farmácia, (Suppl. 39), Rio de Janeiro, 1951.

[18] UNITED States pharmacopeia. 21.ed. Rockville, United States Pharmacopeial Convention, 1984.

[19] ALVAREZ DE LA VEGA, F. - Sobre la conservacion de los preparados de "Filixmas". Galenica Acta, Madrid, 1(2):73-82, 1949.

[20] BERINGER, G.M. - Fluidglycerates. Proc. Amer. pharm. Ass., Baltimore, 56: 981-1010, 1908.

[21] BERTRAND, M. - Remarques sur la fabrication semi-industrielle de l'extrait-fluid de kola. Ann. pharm. franc., Paris, 8:414-7, 1950.

[22] BETTOLO, G.S.M. - Gli estratti de piante nella moderna farmacia. Farmaco, Ed. prat., Pavia, 22:243-54, 1967.

[23] BROCHMANN-NANSSEN, E. - Studies on the effects of surface-active agents on the extraction of crude drugs. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., sci. Ed., Washington, 43:27-31, 1954.

[24] BURLACE, H.M. & HAWKINS, D.B. - Pharmaceutical applications of isopropyl alcohol. I.As a solvent in pharmaceutical manufacturing. J. Amer. pharm. Ass.,sci. Ed., Washington, 35:379-84, 1935.

[25] BUTLER, W.J. & WIESE, G.A. - The effect of certain nonionic wetting agents in extraction of alkaloidal drugs. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., sci. Ed., Washington, 42:382-5, 1953.

[26] CADORNIGA CARRO, R. - Los agentes tensoactivos en los procesos de extracción. An. Acad. Farm., Madrid, 26:239-46, 1960.

[27] CADORNICA CARRO, R. - Posibles mecanismos de accion de los agentes tensoactivos anionicos en los procesos extractivos. Farmaco, Ed.prat., Pavia, 17:646-62, 1962.

[28] CADORNICA, C.R. & ARAZOSA, A.M. - Influencia de algunos agentes tensoactivos en la extracción de aloe de El Cabo. Galenica Acta, Madrid, 13(4):235-58, 1960.

[29] CARLASSARE, M. -Proposte per la Farmacopea: estratto fluido di balsamo del Tolu. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 119:731-7, 1980.

[30] CREANGA, E.; URICARU, N.; BOTEZ, A.; SIMIONOVICI, M. --- Preparazione di un estratto non igroscopico dalle foglie di belladonna.

[31] DAL BROLLO, F.; POLASEK, G.; RICAMONTI, S. Alcune esperienze sulla liofilizzazione a estratto. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 99:367-72, 1960.

[32] DAVY, E.D. -The preparation of tinctures by the dilution of fluidextracts. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 8:112-4, 1919.

[33] DEAN, S.J.; BRODIE, D.C.; BROCHMANN-HANSSEN, E.; RIEGELMAN, S. The preparation of belladona and stramonium. Tinctures through the use of the colloid mill. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., sci.Ed., Washington, 42:88-90, 1953.

[34] DEL POZO, A. Estudios acerca del extracto seco de belladonna. Galenica Acta, Madrid, 2:17-60, 1949.

[35] DERKATCH, S.; GOLDBERG, A.; STIGI, J.; GREENBERG, I.; FONDA, L.D. -Effects of tween 80 in the extraction od crude vegetable drugs. II. Hydrastis. Drug Stand., Washington, 23:32-4, 1955.

[36] DI RENZO, N. Controlli complementari sui principal estratti fitoterapici della F.U. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 117:268-74, 1978.

[37] DOBLER, F. Die tinctura in der geschichte der pharmazie. Eine historich--experimentelle studie. Pharin. Acta Helv., Zurich, 33:765-96, 1958.

[38] DU BAN, G. - Estratti. Loro caracteristiche e metodi di preparazione. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 100:40-62, 1961.

[39] GALLO, U. Gli estratti fitoterapici nella tecnica farmaceutica. Boll. chim. farm., Milano, 106:275-91, 1967.

[40] GRACZA, L. -Zur standardisierung undhaltbarkeit cumarin-haltiger tinkturen. Dtsch. Apoth. Ztg., Stuttgart, 117:1865-8, 1977.

[41] GRECO, S.J. & DUMEZ, A.G. -Experiments with the pressure cooker in drug extraction. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., sci.Ed., Washington, 39:560-4, 1950.

[42] GUTH, E. & LANGENHAN, H. -Studies in extraction as applied to N.F. preparations. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 20:746-54, 1931.

[43] COVEN, K.C.; GOLUAN, S.; ALTINKURT, T. The stability of belladonna ex tract. Eczacil. Butt., Istanbul, 20:9-12, 1978.

[44] HUSA, W.J. & MAGID, L. Drug extraction. I. A study of various menstrua from the stand point of swelling effects, penetration and extraction. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 23:891-901, 1934.

[45] HUSA, W.J. & HUYCK, C.L. Drug extraction. II. The effect of fineness of powder and of variation in solvents on the percolation ofbelladonmaroot. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 24:446-50, 1935.

[46] HUSA, W.J. & YATES, S.B. Drug extraction. III. The formation of preliminary maceration in relation to the percolation of belladonna root. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 24:538-43, 1935.

[47] HUSA, W.J. & FEHDER, P. Drug extraction. IV. The effect of variation in solvents on the extraction of jalap. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 24:615-9, 1935.

[48] HUSA, W.J. & MAGID, L. Drug extraction. V. The extraction of belladonna root with glycerinic menstrua. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 24:839-40, 1935.

[49] HUSA, W.J. & MAGID, L. Drug extraction. VI. Determination of the pressure exerced by a drug during percolation. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 25:10-5, 1936.

[50] HUSA,W.J. & HUYCK, C.L. Drug extraction. VII. The effect of method of pac king on efficiency of percolation. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington,25: 110-2, 1936.

[51] HUSA, W.J. & HUYCK, C.L. Drug extraction. VIII. The effect of maceration and rate flow on the efficiency of percolation. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 25:311-3, 1936.

[52] HUSA, W.J. & HUYCK, C.L. Drug extraction. IX. The efficiency of repercola tion for belladona root and nux vomica. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 25:391-3, 1936.

[53] HUSA, W.J. & JONES, G.R. Drug extraction. X. The swelling of powdered drugs in liquids. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:20-3, 1937.

[54] HUSA, W.J. & FEHDER, P. Drug extraction. XI. The extraction of jalap. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:121-4, 1937.

[55] HUSA, W.J. & FEHDER, P. Drug extraction. XII. The effect of variation in proportion of moistening liquid on the percolation of jalap. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:220-2, 1937.

[56] HUSA, W.J. & FENDER, P. Drug extraction. XIII. The extraction of ipomea. J.Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:319-21, 1937.

[57] HUSA, W.J. & FEEDER, P. Drug extraction. XIV. The extraction of podophyllum. J. Amer. pharm. Ass., Washington, 26:1246-7, 1937.

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