Uso de elicitores e fungicidas para o manejo de <i>Monilinia fructicola</i> na pós-colheita em pêssego

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar o efeito de dois fatores: elicitores e doses de fungicidas. Os tratamentos foram aplicados de 2017 e 2018. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso completos, com quatro repetições e unidade experimental por seis pessegueiros. A eficácia dos tratamentos foi avaliada na pós-colheita para que os frutos fossem inoculados com Monilinia fructicola e as medidas do diâmetro da lesão fossem feitas para avaliar a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPE) e para determinar a taxa de crescimento. Foram avaliados o conteúdo de fenóis totais e a atividade das enzimas peroxidase, polifenoloxidase, catalase e fenilalanina amônia liase. Os resultados mostraram que as aplicações de fosfito de potássio, combinadas com doses totais de fungicida, reduziram a AACPD de Monilinia fructicola em 47% em comparação com o controle (sem elicitor, sem fungicida). O teor de fenóis e a atividade enzimática aumentaram com a aplicação de elicitores. A aplicação pré-colheita de elicitores é uma opção viável para o manejo de Monilinia fructicola na pós-colheita.

Termos para indexação
podridão-parda; indutores; fosfito de potássio; atividade enzimática

Autoria

Isabel Nativitas-Lima

Doctora, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: nativitas.isabel@colpos.mx Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus MontecilloMéxicoTexcoco, México Doctora, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: nativitas.isabel@colpos.mx

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8874-0219

Guillermo Calderón-Zavala

Doctor, Profesor-Investigador, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: cazagu@colpos.mx Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus MontecilloMéxicoTexcoco, México Doctor, Profesor-Investigador, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: cazagu@colpos.mx

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9649-2200

Santos Gerardo Leyva-Mir

Doctor, Profesor-Investigador, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: lsantos@correo.chapingo.mx Universidad Autónoma ChapingoMexicoTexcoco, Mexico Doctor, Profesor-Investigador, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: lsantos@correo.chapingo.mx

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7333-4317

María Teresa Beryl Colinas-León

Doctora, Profesora-Investigadora, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: lozcol@gmail.com Universidad Autónoma ChapingoMexicoTexcoco, Mexico Doctora, Profesora-Investigadora, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: lozcol@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-5928

José Isabel Cortés-Flores

Doctor, Profesor-Investigador, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: jicortes@colpos.mx Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus MontecilloMéxicoTexcoco, México Doctor, Profesor-Investigador, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: jicortes@colpos.mx

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-5069

Crescenciano Saucedo-Veloz

Doctor, Profesor-Investigador, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: sauveloz@colpos.mx Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus MontecilloMéxicoTexcoco, México Doctor, Profesor-Investigador, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. E-mail: sauveloz@colpos.mx

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9409-1772

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (6)
Tabelas (2)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Postharvest effect of interactions between acibenzolar-S-Methyl (?), potassium silicate (?), potassium phosphite (¦), no inducer (?) and fungicide doses on (A) area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and (B) final severity of Monilinia fructicola in 'Atlax' peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 32).

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Postharvest effect of interactions between acibenzolar-S-Methyl (?), potassium silicate (?), potassium phosphite (¦), no inducer (?) and fungicide doses on (A) area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and (B) final severity of Monilinia fructicola in 'Atlax' peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 32).

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Postharvest effect of interactions between (A) acibenzolar-S-Methyl (?), potassium silicate (?), potassium phosphite (¦), no inducer (?) and fungicide doses on the growth rate (mm per hour) of Monilinia fructicola in 'Atlax' peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. (B) Growth rate in the two years of evaluation. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 32). Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p <0.05).

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Effect of the interaction between acibenzolar-S-Methyl (?), potassium silicate (?), potassium phosphite (¦), no inducer (?) and years of evaluation on the content of total phenols (mg g-1 f.w.) in the postharvest of 'Atlax' peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 16).

Thumbnail

Figure 5
Effect of the interaction between elicitors and fungicide doses on the activity of polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase and catalase enzymes in the years 2017 (A, C and E) and 2018 (B, D and F) in ‘Atlax’ peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 16). Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p <0.05).

Thumbnail

Figure 6
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) content in ‘Atlax’ peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, México during the two evaluation cycles. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 32). Different letters indicate significant differences between years (p <0.05).

Thumbnail

Table 1
Description of treatments applied in the field in ‘Atlax’ peach trees in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico in 2017 and 2018.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Analysis of variance of Monilinia fructicola epidemiological parameters, total phenols and enzymatic activity in postharvest peach fruits in response to elicitors, fungicide dose and years of evaluation of 'Atlax' peach in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico.

Figure 1 Postharvest effect of interactions between acibenzolar-S-Methyl (?), potassium silicate (?), potassium phosphite (¦), no inducer (?) and fungicide doses on (A) area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and (B) final severity of Monilinia fructicola in 'Atlax' peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 32).

Figure 2 Postharvest effect of interactions between acibenzolar-S-Methyl (?), potassium silicate (?), potassium phosphite (¦), no inducer (?) and fungicide doses on (A) area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and (B) final severity of Monilinia fructicola in 'Atlax' peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 32).

Figure 3 Postharvest effect of interactions between (A) acibenzolar-S-Methyl (?), potassium silicate (?), potassium phosphite (¦), no inducer (?) and fungicide doses on the growth rate (mm per hour) of Monilinia fructicola in 'Atlax' peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. (B) Growth rate in the two years of evaluation. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 32). Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p <0.05).

Figure 4 Effect of the interaction between acibenzolar-S-Methyl (?), potassium silicate (?), potassium phosphite (¦), no inducer (?) and years of evaluation on the content of total phenols (mg g-1 f.w.) in the postharvest of 'Atlax' peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 16).

Figure 5 Effect of the interaction between elicitors and fungicide doses on the activity of polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase and catalase enzymes in the years 2017 (A, C and E) and 2018 (B, D and F) in ‘Atlax’ peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 16). Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p <0.05).

Figure 6 Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) content in ‘Atlax’ peach fruits in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, México during the two evaluation cycles. Each point represents mean values and vertical bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 32). Different letters indicate significant differences between years (p <0.05).

Table 1 Description of treatments applied in the field in ‘Atlax’ peach trees in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico in 2017 and 2018.

Treatment	Elicitor	Fungicide
1	Potassium silicate	No fungicide
2	Potassium silicate	Reduced dose (75% of the recommended dose)
3	Potassium silicate	Full dose (100% of the commercial dose)
4	Acibenzolar-S-Methyl	No fungicide
5	Acibenzolar-S-Methyl	Reduced dose (75% of the commercially recommended dose)
6	Acibenzolar-S-Methyl	**** dose (100% of commercial dose)
7	Potassium phosphite	No fungicide
8	Potassium phosphite	Reduced dose (75% of commercially recommended dose)
9	Potassium phosphite	Full dose (100% of the commercial dose)
10	No elicitor	(control)
11	** elicitor	Reduced (75% of the commercially recommended dose)
12	No elicitor	Full (100% of the commercial dose)

^*
Treatments were applied in the early hours of the day, with previously calibrated Jacto® 20 L manual sprinkler. All mixtures had Inex-A® adherent.

Table 2 Analysis of variance of Monilinia fructicola epidemiological parameters, total phenols and enzymatic activity in postharvest peach fruits in response to elicitors, fungicide dose and years of evaluation of 'Atlax' peach in Tepeyahualco, Puebla, Mexico.

****** of variation	df	AUDPC	Final severity	Rate of increase	Total phenols	Polyphenoloxidase	Peroxidase	Catalase	PAL
Elicitor	3	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	ns
Fungicide dose	2	**	**	**	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Elicitor x Fungicide dose	6	**	**	**	ns	**	**	**	ns
Year	1	**	**	**	**	**	**	ns	*
Elicitor x year	3	**	**	ns	**	**	**	ns	ns
Fungicide dose x year	2	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Elicitor x Fungicide dose x year	6	ns	ns	ns	ns	*	*	*	ns

^{*, **}
significant differences with P = 0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively; ns = not significant with P = 0.05; df = degrees of freedom. AUDPC = area under the disease progression curve. PAL = phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.

Como citar

copiar

Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n , 14884-900 Jaboticabal SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 16 3209-7188/3209-7609 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rbf@fcav.unesp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Versão para download de PDF

PDF

Inglês

Versões e tradução automática

Versão original do texto

English

Tradução automática

Google Translator
Microsoft Translator

Como citar

RIS

BIBTEX

Outros formatos de citação e exportação:

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
E-mail: scielo@scielo.org

Leia a Declaração de Acesso Aberto

Métricas

Uso de elicitores e fungicidas para o manejo de <i>Monilinia fructicola</i> na pós-colheita em pêssego

PlumX

Mensagem

[TFN0101] ^*
Treatments were applied in the early hours of the day, with previously calibrated Jacto® 20 L manual sprinkler. All mixtures had Inex-A® adherent.