Commuting and work-related accidents among employed Brazilians, National Survey of Health 2013 and 2019

Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Bernal, Regina Tomie Ivata; Vasconcelos, Nádia Machado de; Ribeiro, Adalgisa Peixoto; Vasconcelos, Lêda Lúcia Couto de; Machado, Elaine Leandro

doi:10.1590/1980-549720230006.supl.1

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Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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Original Article • Rev. bras. Epidemiol. 26 (Suppl 1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230006.supl.1 copy

Commuting and work-related accidents among employed Brazilians, National Survey of Health 2013 and 2019

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To analyze the prevalence of work-related accidents, according to sociodemographic and occupational variables, in 2013 and 2019.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study using data from the National Survey of Health (PNS) 2013 and 2019. Typical work accidents (WA), commuting accidents (CA), and Total Work Accidents (TWA) were evaluated. Prevalence values and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of TWA in 2013 and 2019 were estimated according to the explanatory variables and for Federative Units and capitals. In 2019, the prevalence and 95%CI according to explanatory variables were estimated using prevalence ratios (PR), both crude and adjusted for sex and age group.

Results:

TWA prevalence decreased from 4.96% (95%CI 4.55–5.38) in 2013 to 4.13% (95%CI 3.80–4.46) in 2019. In 2013, the state of Pará prevailed in TWA, and the state of Mato Grosso in 2019. The prevalence of WA and CA in 2019 were: 2.64% (95%CI 2.37–2.91) and 1.60% (95%CI 1.40–1.80). In 2019, the prevalence for TWA were higher for men (PR: 1.92; 95%CI 1.62–2.27); in the 18-29 age group (PR: 2.71; 95%CI 1.99–3.68); people with elementary school and some high school (PR: 2.09; 95%CI 1.57–2.78); and Black individuals (PR: 1.43; 95%CI 1.12–1.84). People without formal employment contract had a lower prevalence of TWA (PR: 0.77; 95%CI 0.66–0.90). WA was higher in rural areas (PR: 1.32; 95%CI 1.09–1.60).

Conclusion:

There was a reduction in TWA between 2013 and 2019. Men, young people, Black people, and individuals with lower level of education, residents in rural areas had higher prevalence of WA in 2019, demonstrating a relationship between health-disease-accident processes.

Keywords:
Occupational accidents; Occupational accidents registry; Health surveys; Epidemiological monitoring

Variables		Total work accidents
Variables		2013 (A) (n=36,442) % (95%CI)	2019 (B) (n=52,475) % (95%CI)	PRc (B/A) % (95%CI)
Total		4.96 (4.55–5.38)	4.13 (3.80–4.46)	0.83 (0.71–0.95)
Sex
	Men	6.16 (5.51–6.82)	5.24 (4.76–5.73)	0.85 (0.74–0.98)
	Women	3.36 (2.89–3.84)	2.73 (2.34–3.13)	0.81 (0.66–1.00)
Age group (years)
	18 to 29	5.91 (5.04–6.79)	5.78 (4.92–6.65)	0.98 (0.79–1.21)
	30 to 39	5.41 (4.64–6.19)	4.07 (3.50–4.65)	0.75 (0.62–0.92)
	40 to 59	4.19 (3.60–4.78)	3.65 (3.18–4.12)	0.87 (0.72–1.06)
	60 or over	3.49 (2.31–4.67)	2.17 (1.59–2.75)	0.62 (0.40–0.96)
Level of education
	No formal education/some elementary school	5.52 (4.81–6.22)	4.64 (4.07–5.22)	0.84 (0.71–1.00)
	Elementary school/some high school	6.41 (5.13–7.69)	5.63 (4.52–6.77)	0.88 (0.66–1.17)
	High school/some college	4.91 (4.15–5.66)	4.18 (3.63–4.74)	0.85 (0.70–1.05)
	College degree	2.66 (1.92–3.39)	2.28 (1.82–2.75)	0.86 (0.61–1.21)
Race/skin color
	White	4.24 (3.67–4.80)	3.38 (2.95–3.82)	0.80 (0.66–0.96)
	Black	7.23 (5.39–9.07)	5.00 (3.88–6.11)	0.69 (0.49–0.97)
	Mixed-race	5.34 (4.73–5.96)	4.71 (4.20–5.23)	0.88 (0.75–1.04)
	Others	4.03 (1.89–6.16)	2.41 (0.76–4.07)	0.60 (0.25–1.43)
Place of residence
	Urban	4.82 (4.37–5.28)	4.03 (3.67–4.39)	0.84 (0.73–0.95)
	Rural	5.96 (5.02–6.89)	4.85 (4.22–5.48)	0.81 (0.66–1.00)

Variables			Work accidents		Commuting accidents		Total work accidents
Variables			% (95%CI)	PR_adj (95%CI)	% (95%CI)	PR_adj (95%CI)	% (95%CI)	PR_adj(95%CI)
Total			2.64 (2.37–2.91)	–	1.60 (1.40–1.80)	–	4.13 (3.80–4.46)	–
Sociodemographic variables
	Sex
		Men	3.27 (2.86–3.67)	1.76 (1.42–2.20)	2.11 (1.81–2.41)	2.17 (1.66–2.84)	5.24 (4.76–5.73)	1.92 (1.62–2.27)
		Women	1.86 (1.52–2.19)	1.00 (-)	0.97 (0.74–1.19)	1.00 (-)	2.73 (2.34–3.12)	1.00 (-)
	Age group (years)
		18 to 29	3.31 (2.61–4.01)	2.22 (1.53–3.23)	2.78 (2.20–3.35)	4.18 (2.37–7.37)	5.78 (4.92–6.65)	2.71 (1.99–3.68)
		30 to 39	2.50 (2.04–2.97)	1.70 (1.19–2.42)	1.65 (1.29–1.99)	2.51 (1.42–4.43)	4.07 (3.50–4.65)	1.93 (1.43–2.60)
		40 to 59	2.59 (2.18–3.00)	1.76 (1.25–2.48)	1.11 (0.86–1.36)	1.70 (0.96–3.01)	3.65 (3.18–4.12)	1.73 (1.29–2.32)
		60 or over	1.51 (1.05–1.97)	1.00 (-)	0.68 (0.32–1.03)	1.00 (-)	2.17 (1.59–2.75)	1.00 (-)
	Level of education
		No formal education/some elementary school	3.32 (2.83–3.84)	2.64 (1.89–3.67)	1.44 (1.13–1.74)	1.40 (0.96–2.04)	4.64 (4.07–5.22)	2.02 (1.58–2.58)
		Elementary school/some high school	3.55 (2.55–4.58)	2.53 (1.69–3.77)	2.24 (1.66–2.81)	1.66 (1.12–2.47)	5.63 (4.52–6.77)	2.09 (1.57–2.78)
		High school/some college	2.56 (2.15–2.98)	1.87 (1.35–2.59)	1.76 (1.39–2.14)	1.35 (0.93–1.97)	4.18 (3.63–4.74)	1.60 (1.25–2.04)
		College degree	1.24 (0.89–1.60)	1.00 (-)	1.05 (0.74–1.36)	1.00 (-)	2.28 (1.82–2.75)	1.00 (-)
	Race/skin color
		White	2.15 (1.79–2.51)	1.00 (-)	1.36 (1.08–1.63)	1.00 (-)	3.38 (2.95–3.82)	1.00 (-)
		Black	3.35 (2.48–4.25)	1.53 (1.12–2.08)	1.81 (1.20–2.41)	1.27 (0.87–1.86)	5.00 (3.88–6.11)	1.43 (1.12–1.84)
		Mixed-race	2.99 (2.56–3.44)	1.34 (1.07–1.69)	1.80 (1.49–2.11)	1.23 (0.94–1.60)	4.71 (4.20–5.23)	1.32 (1.12–1.57)
		Others	0.96 (0.40–1.51)	0.44 (0.24–0.80)	1.54 (0.03–3.11)	1.08 (0.38–3.08)	2.41 (0.76–4.07)	0.69 (0.34–1.41)
	Place of residence
		Urban	2.51 (2.21–2.80)	1.00 (-)	1.64 (1.42–1.86)	1.00 (-)	4.03 (3.67–4.39)	1.00 (-)
		Rural	3.56 (3.03–4.10)	1.32 (1.09–1.60)	1.35 (0.98–1.71)	0.74 (0.54–1.01)	4.85 (4.22–5.48)	1.11 (0.94–1.30)
	Regions
		North	2.46 (2.01–2.91)	1.00 (-)	2.43 (1.89–2.97)	1.00 (-)	4.69 (4.00–5.38)	1.00 (-)
		Northeast	2.57 (2.18–2.95)	1.07 (0.84–1.35)	1.75 (1.42–2.07)	0.75 (0.56–1.00)	4.16 (3.69–4.64)	0.91 (0.76–1.10)
		Southeast	2.60 (2.09–3.10)	1.11 (0.85–1.45)	1.31 (0.95–1.66)	0.59 (0.41–0.83)	3.80 (3.19–4.42)	0.87 (0.70–1.07)
		South	2.85 (2.30–3.38)	1.21 (0.93–1.57)	1.68 (1.27–2.10)	0.75 (0.54–1.05)	4.47 (3.80–5.14)	1.01 (0.82–1.24)
		Midwest	2.90 (2.22–3.58)	1.21 (0.90–1.63)	1.90 (1.41–2.39)	0.83 (0.59–1.16)	4.66 (3.77–5.55)	1.03 (0.81–1.31)
Occupational variables
	Type of work
		Domestic worker	1.80 (1.25–2.35)	1.72 (0.75–3.96)	0.39 (0.20–0.58)	0.24 (0.09–0.62)	2.18 (1.60–2.76)	0.79 (0.41–1.52)
		Military	1.98 (0.22–4.19)	1.11 (0.28–4.36)	3.41 (0.92–5.89)	0.95 (0.32–2.82)	5.30 (2.02–8.58)	1.02 (0.43–2.42)
		Private sector	3.28 (2.78–3.78)	2.15 (0.97–4.79)	2.06 (1.71–2.42)	0.70 (0.31–1.58)	5.18 (4.60–5.78)	1.19 (0.64–2.19)
		Public Sector	1.96 (1.30–2.62)	1.52 (0.65–3.58)	0.97 (0.69–1.25)	0.47 (0.20–1.10)	2.93 (2.22–3.65)	0.85 (0.44–1.62)
		Employer	1.75 (0.95–2.55)	1.21 (0.49–3.02)	1.01 (0.01–2.01)	0.43 (0.12–1.49)	2.71 (1.46–3.97)	0.69 (0.32–1.48)
		Independent business owner	2.31 (1.97–2.66)	1.61 (0.72–3.58)	1.43 (1.11–1.74)	0.58 (0.25–1.34)	3.61 (3.15–4.08)	0.91 (0.49–1.69)
		Unpaid	1.27 (0.28–2.26)	1.00 (-)	2.42 (0.46–4.38)	1.00 (-)	3.59 (1.42–5.76)	1.00 (-)
	Formal employment contract
		Yes	3.19 (2.64–3.74)	1.00 (-)	2.06 (1.65–2.47)	1.00 (-)	5.09 (4.44–5.75)	1.00 (-)
		No^* * Missing data were classified as category “No”; values in bold are statistically significant (p<0.05). PRadj: prevalence ratio adjusted by sex and age; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.	2.31 (2.04–2.58)	0.78 (0.63–0.96)	1.33 (1.12–1.53)	0.75 (0.58–0.97)	3.56 (3.22–3.89)	0.77 (0.66–0.90)

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Deborah Carvalho Malta. Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, Bairro Santa Efigênia, CEP: 30130-100, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. E-mail: dcmalta@uol.com.br