ABSTRACT
Deficits in Social Communication and Interaction (SCI) and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviours and Interests (RRBI) in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are frequently explained by problems in executive functions (EF) and empathy. The goal of these study was to analyze associations between EF and empathy in 75 children with ASD (9.67±1.29), previously separated into two groups according to the ASD behaviour frequency. Using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function for parents and the Empathy Assessment Scale, different associations between EF and empathy in both groups were found. In the group with low frequency of behaviours, EF have a greater association with the SCI (Group 1) than RBBI. The group with higher frequency of behaviours and more homogeneous frequency between the two domains (Group 2) presented stronger associations between EF and RBBI, and between EF and cognitive empathy. ASD typical behaviours were better explained by EF rather than empathy. The identification of difficulties in the neurocognitive processes involved in the typical behaviors of ASD may lead to a greater adequacy of the intervention in a broader perspective and, consequently, improve the functioning and adaptive behavior of the child in their daily lives.
KEYWORDS
Autism Spectrum Disorder; Behavioral profiles; Executive functions; Empathy