MAPUCHE CHILDHOOD LOCKED UP: INTERNSHIPS OF SCHOOLS-MISSIONS IN LA ARAUCANIA, CHILE (1900-1935)

ABSTRACT

This article studies the operation of boarding schools for children in the territory of Araucanía, administered by Capuchin missionaries, between 1900 and 1935, during which the reduction policy of the Mapuche people was consolidated in Chile. The method was qualitative-descriptive with a historiographic design, from which, the following categories were found by a methodological triangulation: cultural shock Chileanization/evangelization/Mapuche world in the boarding school, Mapuche childhood separated according to gender, regulated Mapuche childhood: formalization of routines , controlled visits to the internees by their families, ideological justification/presence of the boarding school; Loss of the mapuzungun (Mapuche Language), agents of surveillance and control. The results can contribute to promote interest in studying an unexplored field of educational research in Latin America: the pedagogical role of internees in contexts of interethnic relations.

KEYWORDS:
internships; cultural values; mapuche childhood; schools-missions; monitoring and control