Physiological indices of okra under organomineral fertilization and irrigated with salt water

Sales, Jonnathan R. da S.; Magalhâes, Clarissa L.; Freitas, Ana G. S.; Goes, Geovana F.; Sousa, Henderson C. de; Sousa, Geocleber G. de

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n7p466-471

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Articles • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 25 (7) • July 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n7p466-471 copy

Physiological indices of okra under organomineral fertilization and irrigated with salt water¹ 1 Research developed at Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, CE, Brazil

Índices fisiológicos de quiabeiro irrigado com água salina sob adubação organomineral

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS

Salt water reduces gas exchange in the okra crop, but organomineral fertilization mitigates these effects.

The use of organic and mineral fertilization is viable in okra crops under salt stress.

Organic fertilizer (100% bovine biofertilizer) decreases internal CO₂ concentration.

Key words:
Abelmoschus esculentus; physiology; plant nutrition

ABSTRACT

Proper management of brackish water can increase plant production in the Brazilian semiarid region. Organomineral fertilization contributes to minimizing the harmful effects of salinity. As such, the present study aimed to assess the physiological indices of okra crops grown under organomineral fertilization and irrigated with salt water. A completely randomized design was used, in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme with six repetitions, corresponding to six types of fertilization: T1 - mineral fertilization with NPK; T2 - bovine biofertilizer; T3 - fertilization with plant ash; T4 - mineral fertilizer (50%) + bovine biofertilizer (50%); T5 - mineral fertilizer (50%) + plant ash (50%); T6 - control; and two electrical conductivities of the irrigation water (0.5 and 5.0 dS m^-1). The physiological indices of okra plants were analyzed 30 and 60 days after transplanting (DAT). Although salt stress negatively affects the physiological indices of okra, organomineral fertilization partially mitigates these effects. Thus, organic and mineral fertilizers are recommended in okra crops under saline conditions.

Key words:
Abelmoschus esculentus; physiology; plant nutrition

OM	N	Ca²⁺	K⁺	Mg²⁺	Na⁺	H⁺ + Al³⁺	ECse	SB	P (mg kg^-1)	CEC	V
(g kg^-1)		cmol_c kg^-1					(dS m^-1)		P (mg kg^-1)	(%)
9.15	0.54	2.0	3.31	2.0	1.31	0.83	0.5	9.43	59	6.7	91

Organic fertilizer	N	P	K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Fe	Cu	Zn	Mn
Organic fertilizer	(g L^-1)					(mg L^-1)
Biofertilizer	0.82	1.40	1.0	2.5	0.75	141.60	1.92	68.2	14.72
Plant ash	0.40	1.13	54.4	28.7	13.9	7819.1	10.5	37.8	240.8

SV	DF	Mean squares
SV	DF	A	E	gs	Ci	LT	WUEi
		30 DAT
Fertilization (F)	5	21.45^ns	7.82**	8.91×10^-3^ns	713.09*	7.12**	0.77**
Salinity (S)	1	412.75**	23.83**	0.19^ns	24110.41**	38.45**	0.36*
F x S	5	18.80^ns	3.85**	8.81×10^-3^ns	524.40^ns	5.88**	0.82**
Treatments	11	57.92**	7.47**	0.02**	2754.35**	9.40**	0.76**
Residue	36	8.55	0.81	1.96×10^-3	249.02	0.12	0.05
CV (%)		15.43	11.81	14.68	7.46	1.07	6.71
		60 DAT
Fertilization (F)	5	10.19^ns	1.39^ns	0.01^ns	1877.85^ns	2.28^ns	0.86^ns
Salinity (S)	1	374.30**	8.82**	0.14**	90.97^ns	19.13^ns	10.21**
F x S	5	14.13^ns	1.96*	0.01^ns	1351.37^ns	2.21^ns	1.65^ns
Treatments	11	45.08**	2.32**	0.02**	1476.09^ns	3.78*	2.07^ns
Residue	36	6.29	0.58	7.52×10^-3	757.81	0.25	1.05
CV (%)		24.93	21.97	22.88	10.41	1.46	34.74

Fertilizers	E (mmol m² s^-1)
	30 DAT		60 DAT
	Electrical conductivity (dS m^-1)
	0.5	5.0	0.5	5.0
T1	8.52 abA	5.82 bB	3.88 aA	2.55 bB
T2	6.43 bA	5.84 bA	3.98 aA	2.03 bB
T3	7.75 bA	6.72 abA	3.80 aA	2.39 bB
T4	10.43 aA	7.39 abB	3.77 aA	4.26 aA
T5	7.73 bA	8.42 aA	4.24 aA	3.03 bB
T6	9.18 abA	7.40 abB	3.69 aA	3.95 abA

Fertilizers	LT (°C)
	Electrical conductivity (dS m^-1)
	0.5	5.0
T1	30.94 dB	33.24 dA
T2	31.57 dB	35.31 abA
T3	32.43 cB	35.58 aA
T4	34.37 aA	35.47 aA
T5	32.80 bcA	34.27 cA
T6	33.53 bB	34.72 bcA

Fertilizers	WUEi (mmol m^-2 s^-1 (mol H₂O m^-2 s^-1)^-1)
	Electrical conductivity (dS m^-1)
	0.5	5.0
T1	3.48 bcB	4.20 aA
T2	4.35 aA	3.74 abB
T3	3.84 bA	3.44 bB
T4	2.72 dB	3.76 abA
T5	3.50 bcA	3.47 bA
T6	3.15 cdA	3.48 bA

Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, UFCG, Av. Aprígio Veloso 882, Bodocongó, Bloco CM, 1º andar, CEP 58429-140, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, Tel. +55 83 2101 1056 - Campina Grande - PB - Brazil
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[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: jonnathanagro@gmail.com

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Physiological indices of okra under organomineral fertilization and irrigated with salt water1 1 Research developed at Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, CE, Brazil

Índices fisiológicos de quiabeiro irrigado com água salina sob adubação organomineral

HIGHLIGHTS

ABSTRACT

Physiological indices of okra under organomineral fertilization and irrigated with salt water¹ 1 Research developed at Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, CE, Brazil