Foam mat drying kinetics of jambolan and acerola mixed pulp

Matos, Joana D’arc P. de; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F. de; Queiroz, Alexandre J. de M.; Moraes, Maria S. de; Silva, Semirames do N.; Silva, Luis P. F. R. da

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n7p502-512

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Articles • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 26 (7) • July 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n7p502-512 copy

Foam mat drying kinetics of jambolan and acerola mixed pulp¹ 1 Research developed at Laboratory of Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil

Cinética de secagem em camada de espuma da polpa mista de jambolão e acerola

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS:

It was verified that the combination of foaming/stabilizing agents influenced the drying process.

Foam mat drying produced mixed pulp powders with low water content, important for their shelf life.

Effective diffusivity increases as a function of drying temperature elevation for jambolan and acerola mixed pulp.

ABSTRACT

Acerola and jambolan are fruits with several bioactive compounds of phenolic origin and a product made with these two raw materials appears to be a food with high antioxidant and nutraceutical potential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the foam mat drying of the mixed pulp of jambolan and acerola. Mixed pulp formulations, containing 1.0% albumin with 0.5% xanthan gum (F1), 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (F2) and 0.5% guar gum (F3), were dehydrated at 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C, with foam mat thickness of 0.5 cm. The elevation of the drying temperature decreased the water content and dehydration time of the samples. Formulation F3 obtained the shortest drying times; all drying models resulted in good adjustments, especially Midilli. Formulation F3 obtained greater effective diffusivity; the activation energy was higher in the F1 combination. The samples with albumin-guar (F3) showed greater enthalpy and entropy and samples with albumin-xanthan gum (F1) showed the highest Gibbs free energy. Foam mat drying is an efficient way of preserving the jambolan and acerola mixed pulp.

Key words:
Malpighia emarginata; Syzygium cumini; dehydration; effective diffusivity; activation energy

Model name	Model equation	Eq.
Page	$R X = e x p (- k \cdot t^{n})$	(2)
Henderson & Pabis	$R X = a \cdot e x p (- k \cdot t)$	(3)
Modified Henderson & Pabis	$R X = a \cdot e x p (- k \cdot t) + b \cdot e x p (- k_{0} \cdot t) + e x p (- k_{1} \cdot t)$	(4)
Logarithmic	$R X = a \cdot e x p (- k \cdot t) + c$	(5)
Midilli	$R X = a \cdot e x p (- k \cdot t^{n}) + b \cdot t$	(6)
Two-Term Exponential	$R X = a \cdot e x p (- k \cdot t) + (1 - a) e x p (- k \cdot a \cdot t)$	(7)
Diffusion Approximation	$R X = a \cdot e x p (- k \cdot t) + (1 - a) e x p (- k \cdot b \cdot t)$	(8)
Two Terms	$R X = a \cdot e x p (- k_{0} \cdot t) + b \cdot e x p (- k_{1} \cdot t)$	(9)
Newton	$R X = e x p (- k \cdot t)$	(10)
Thompson	$R X = e x p ((- a - {(a^{2} + 4 \cdot b \cdot t)}^{0.5}) / 2 \cdot b)$	(11)

Formulations	T (°C)	Drying time (min)	Powder yield (%)	Water content
Formulations	T (°C)	Drying time (min)	Powder yield (%)	(%)	(% db)
F1	50	510	9.71	12.07	13.73
	60	330	11.40	10.52	11.75
	70	300	10.63	9.04	9.94
	80	270	10.83	9.19	10.13
F2	50	510	11.00	13.70	15.88
	60	450	11.28	13.16	15.16
	70	330	11.27	12.64	14.47
	80	270	10.21	9.29	10.25
F3	50	390	10.53	13.46	15.56
	60	270	10.93	12.69	14.54
	70	210	11.36	10.95	12.30
	80	180	11.65	8.27	9.01

Model	T (°C)	Parameters						R2	χ²	MSD
		a	k	b	k₀	c	k₁
Modified Henderson & Pabis	50	0.3542	0.0087	0.3542	0.0087	0.354	0.008	0.9850	0.0027	0.0454
	60	0.3616	0.0130	0.3616	0.0130	0.3616	0.0131	0.9829	0.0033	0.0490
	70	0.3615	0.0157	0.3615	0.0157	0.3615	0.0157	0.9814	0.0036	0.0509
	80	0.3612	0.0173	0.3612	0.0173	0.3612	0.0173	0.9844	0.0030	0.0460
Midilli		a	b	n	k	-	-
	50	0.9776	-0.00005	1.3627	0.0013	-	-	0.9979	0.0003	0.0171
	60	0.9817	-0.00004	1.4618	0.0015	-	-	0.9990	0.0002	0.0118
	70	0.9745	-0.00005	1.4916	0.0017	-	-	0.9978	0.0004	0.0174
	80	0.9821	-0.00004	1.4383	0.0025	-	-	0.9990	0.0002	0.0114
Two terms		a	k₀	k₁	b	-	-
	50	0.5320	0.0088	0.0088	0.5320	-	-	0.9849	0.0025	0.0456
	60	0.5420	0.0131	0.0131	0.5429	-	-	0.9829	0.0029	0.0490
	70	0.5413	0.0157	0.0157	0.5436	-	-	0.9814	0.0032	0.0509
	80	0.5427	0.0173	0.0173	0.5412	-	-	0.9844	0.0026	0.0460
Diffusion approximation		a	b	k	-	-	-
	50	-261.9565	0.9971	0.0156	-	-	-	0.9964	0.0006	0.0222
	60	-256.4889	0.9966	0.0245	-	-	-	0.9976	0.0004	0.0184
	70	-285.0497	0.9970	0.0291	-	-	-	0.9959	0.0007	0.0239
	80	-137.2101	0.9939	0.0320	-	-	-	0.9979	0.0003	0.0170
Logarithmic		a	k	c	-	-	-
	50	1.1351	0.0072	-0.0910	-	-	-	0.9917	0.0013	0.0338
	60	1.1503	0.0110	-0.0852	-	-	-	0.9997	0.0017	0.0380
	70	1.1426	0.0134	-0.0758	-	-	-	0.9979	0.0020	0.0410
	80	1.1386	0.0148	-0.0728	-	-	-	0.9904	0.0015	0.0361
Page		k	n	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0016	1.3339	-	-	-	-	0.9967	0.0005	0.0212
	60	0.0018	1.4271	-	-	-	-	0.9984	0.0002	0.0148
	70	0.0024	1.4231	-	-	-	-	0.9970	0.0005	0.0204
	80	0.0030	1.4006	-	-	-	-	0.9986	0.0002	0.0139
Henderson & Pabis		a	k	-	-	-	-
	50	1.0624	0.0087	-	-	-	-	0.9850	0.0022	0.0454
	60	1.0849	0.0131	-	-	-	-	0.9829	0.0026	0.0490
	70	1.0850	0.0157	-	-	-	-	0.9814	0.0029	0.0509
	80	1.0839	0.0173	-	-	-	-	0.9844	0.0024	0.0460
Thompson		a	b	-	-	-	-
	50	-2953.10	1.8446	-	-	-	-	0.9793	0.0031	0.0533
	60	-3031.15	1.8945	-	-	-	-	0.9738	0.0040	0.0606
	70	-2118.03	1.8755	-	-	-	-	0.9729	0.0042	0.0614
	80	-2474.88	1.9018	-	-	-	-	0.9761	0.0036	0.0570
Two-term exponential		a	k	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0020	3.9903	-	-	-	-	0.9790	0.0031	0.0538
	60	0.0019	6.1372	-	-	-	-	0.9734	0.0041	0.0611
	70	0.0018	7.8485	-	-	-	-	0.9725	0.0042	0.0619
	80	0.0021	7.5546	-	-	-	-	0.9756	0.0037	0.0575
Newton		k	-	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0080	-	-	-	-	-	0.9793	0.0030	0.0533
	60	0.0118	-	-	-	-	-	0.9738	0.0038	0.0606
	70	0.0142	-	-	-	-	-	0.9729	0.0040	0.0614
	80	0.0157	-	-	-	-	-	0.9761	0.0034	0.0570

Model	T (°C)	Parameters						R²	χ²	MSD
		a	k	b	K₀	c	K₁
Modified Henderson & Pabis	50	0.3507	0.0077	0.3507	0.0077	0.3507	0.0077	0.9954	0.0098	0.0862
	60	0.3550	0.0106	0.3550	0.0106	0.3550	0.0106	0.9874	0.0023	0.0415
	70	0.3552	0.0122	0.3552	0.0122	0.3552	0.0122	0.9873	0.0023	0.0410
	80	0.3598	0.0146	0.3598	0.0146	0.3598	0.0146	0.9825	0.0034	0.0485
Midilli		a	b	n	k	-	-
	50	0.9862	-0.0004	1.2754	0.0018	-	-	0.9997	0.0001	0.0092
	60	0.9790	-0.0004	1.3593	0.0018	-	-	0.9987	0.0002	0.0134
	70	0.9802	-0.0006	1.3455	0.0023	-	-	0.9989	0.0002	0.0123
	80	0.9793	-0.0007	1.4336	0.0020	-	-	0.9988	0.0002	0.0124
Two Terms		a	K₀	K₁	b	-	-
	50	0.5135	0.0077	0.0077	0.5398	-	-	0.9954	0.0014	0.0343
	60	0.5339	0.0106	0.0106	0.5311	-	-	0.9874	0.0021	0.0415
	70	0.5328	0.0122	0.0122	0.5328	-	-	0.9873	0.0021	0.0410
	80	0.5407	0.0184	0.0184	0.5407	-	-	0.9823	0.0030	0.0490
Diffusion Approximation		a	b	k	-	-	-
	50	-111.2881	0.9937	0.0135	-	-	-	0.9994	0.0002	0.0120
	60	-192.0346	0.9960	0.0189	-	-	-	0.9977	0.0004	0.0178
	70	-213.6552	0.9965	0.0217	-	-	-	0.9978	0.0003	0.0171
	80	-183.2581	0.9954	0.0341	-	-	-	0.9966	0.0005	0.0214
Logarithmic		a	k	c	-	-	-
	50	1.1244	0.0064	-0.088	-	-	-	0.9980	0.0006	0.0227
	60	1.1223	0.0091	-0.074	-	-	-	0.9929	0.0011	0.0312
	70	1.1349	0.0101	-0.090	-	-	-	0.9940	0.0009	0.0282
	80	1.1645	0.0117	-0.108	-	-	-	0.9912	0.0014	0.0344
Page		k	n	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0020	1.2609	-	-	-	-	0.9994	0.0002	0.0126
	60	0.0023	1.3216	-	-	-	-	0.9979	0.0003	0.0170
	70	0.0028	1.3159	-	-	-	-	0.9980	0.0003	0.0162
	80	0.0024	1.3987	-	-	-	-	0.9980	0.0003	0.0164
Henderson & Pabis		a	k	-	-	-	-
	50	1.0533	0.0077	-	-	-	-	0.9931	0.0019	0.0421
	60	1.0650	0.0106	-	-	-	-	0.9818	0.0027	0.0500
	70	1.0656	0.0122	-	-	-	-	0.9814	0.0027	0.0496
	80	1.0799	0.0146	-	-	-	-	0.9739	0.0039	0.0596
Thompson		a	b	-	-	-	-
	50	-2960.633	1.8288	-	-	-	-	0.9931	0.0019	0.0421
	60	-2684.087	1.8587	-	-	-	-	0.9818	0.0027	0.0500
	70	-2514.453	1.8681	-	-	-	-	0.9814	0.0027	0.0496
	80	-2579.676	1.8894	-	-	-	-	0.9739	0.0039	0.0596
Two-term Exponential		a	k	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0020	3.5806	-	-	-	-	0.9929	0.0015	0.0343
	60	0.0019	5.1059	-	-	-	-	0.9814	0.0028	0.0504
	70	0.0020	5.5505	-	-	-	-	0.9811	0.0028	0.0501
	80	0.0019	6.8457	-	-	-	-	0.9735	0.0040	0.0596
Newton		k	-	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0072	-	-	-	-	-	0.9931	0.0018	0.0421
	60	0.0098	-	-	-	-	-	0.9818	0.0026	0.0500
	70	0.0113	-	-	-	-	-	0.9815	0.0026	0.0496
	80	0.0132	-	-	-	-	-	0.9739	0.0037	0.0592

Model	T (°C)	Parameters						R²	χ²	MSD
Modified Henderson & Pabis		a	k	b	K₀	c	K₁
	50	0.3531	0.0111	0.3531	0.0111	0.3531	0.0111	0.9858	0.0026	0.0437
	60	0.3611	0.0155	0.3611	0.0155	0.3611	0.0155	0.9829	0.0033	0.0482
	70	0.3544	0.0182	0.3544	0.0182	0.3544	0.0182	0.9804	0.0037	0.0498
	80	0.3616	0.0206	0.3616	0.0207	0.3616	0.0207	0.9810	0.0038	0.0495
Midilli		a	b	n	k	-	-
	50	0.9754	-0.001	1.3448	0.0020	-	-	0.9982	0.0003	0.0156
	60	0.9811	-0.001	1.4406	0.0021	-	-	0.9990	0.0002	0.0118
	70	0.9616	-0.001	1.4317	0.0027	-	-	0.9971	0.0005	0.0193
	80	0.9841	-0.001	1.4247	0.0034	-	-	0.9986	0.0002	0.0136
Two Terms		a	K₀	K₁	b	-	-
	50	0.5255	0.0111	0.0111	0.5340	-	-	0.9858	0.0023	0.0437
	60	0.5416	0.0155	0.0155	0.5416	-	-	0.9829	0.0029	0.0482
	70	0.5317	0.0183	0.0183	0.5317	-	-	0.9804	0.0032	0.0498
	80	0.5426	0.0207	0.0207	0.5426	-	-	0.9810	0.0032	0.0495
Diffusion Approximation		a	b	k	-	-	-
	50	-215.20	0.9965	0.0197	-	-	-	0.9968	0.0005	0.0208
	60	-239.68	0.9965	0.0286	-	-	-	0.9975	0.0004	0.0186
	70	-259.03	0.9970	0.0327	-	-	-	0.9945	0.0008	0.0264
	80	-208.48	0.9959	0.0382	-	-	-	0.9969	0.0005	0.0201
Logarithmic		a	k	c	-	-	-
	50	1.1292	0.0092	-0.090	-	-	-	0.9926	0.0011	0.0315
	60	1.1565	0.0127	-0.095	-	-	-	0.9907	0.0015	0.0356
	70	1.1541	0.0144	-0.116	-	-	-	0.9904	0.0015	0.0349
	80	1.1759	0.0163	-0.117	-	-	-	0.9909	0.0014	0.0343
Page		k	n	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0025	1.3152	-	-	-	-	0.9969	0.0005	0.0204
	60	0.0025	1.4067	-	-	-	-	0.9983	0.0003	0.0153
	70	0.0042	1.3468	-	-	-	-	0.9950	0.0007	0.0252
	80	0.0038	1.4079	-	-	-	-	0.9978	0.0003	0.0168
Henderson & Pabis		a	k	-	-	-	-
	50	1.0594	0.0111	-	-	-	-	0.9858	0.0021	0.0437
	60	1.0832	0.0155	-	-	-	-	0.9829	0.0026	0.0482
	70	1.0635	0.0183	-	-	-	-	0.9804	0.0028	0.0498
	80	1.0851	0.0207	-	-	-	-	0.9810	0.0028	0.0495
Thompson		a	b	-	-	-	-
	50	-2731.73	1.8672	-	-	-	-	0.9809	0.0028	0.0506
	60	-2285.96	1.8824	-	-	-	-	0.9740	0.0039	0.0593
	70	-2243.97	1.8999	-	-	-	-	0.9749	0.0036	0.0563
	80	-1750.96	1.8850	-	-	-	-	0.9717	0.0041	0.0605
Two-Term Exponential		a	k	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0020	5.0296	-	-	-	-	0.9805	0.0029	0.0511
	60	0.0018	7.5819	-	-	-	-	0.9736	0.0040	0.0598
	70	0.0021	8.1843	-	-	-	-	0.9746	0.0036	0.0567
	80	0.0020	9.4963	-	-	-	-	0.9712	0.0042	0.0610
Newton		k	-	-	-	-	-
	50	0.0103	-	-	-	-	-	0.9809	0.0027	0.0506
	60	0.0140	-	-	-	-	-	0.9740	0.0037	0.0593
	70	0.0169	-	-	-	-	-	0.9749	0.0034	0.0563
	80	0.0187	-	-	-	-	-	0.9717	0.0039	0.0605

Formulation	T (°C)	D_ef (m² s^-1)	R²
F1	50	2.580 × 10^-10	0.9204
	60	3.843 × 10^-10	0.9118
	70	4.644 × 10^-10	0.9143
	80	5.110 × 10^-10	0.9178
F2	50	2.291 × 10^-10	0.9267
	60	3.162 × 10^-10	0.9258
	70	3.637 × 10^-10	0.9236
	80	4.296 × 10^-10	0.9101
F3	50	3.325 × 10^-10	0.9248
	60	4.550 × 10^-10	0.9116
	70	5.527 × 10^-10	0.9175
	80	6.123 × 10^-10	0.9079

Formulation	D₀ (m² s^-1)	E_a (kJ mol^-1)	R²
F1	7.99 × 10^-7	21.3923	0.8922
F2	3.13 × 10^-7	19.2795	0.9545
F3	4.63 × 10^-7	19.3183	0.9390

Formulation	T (°C)	ΔH (kJ mol^-1)	ΔS (kJ mol^-1 K^-1)	ΔG (kJ mol^-1)
F1	50	18.7069	-0.3623	135.7289
	60	18.6237	-0.3626	139.3532
	70	18.5406	-0.3628	142.9799
	80	18.4575	-0.3630	146.6091
F2	50	16.5941	-0.3701	136.1286
	60	16.5109	-0.3703	139.8306
	70	16.4278	-0.3706	143.5352
	80	16.3447	-0.3708	147.2421
F3	50	16.6329	-0.3668	135.1172
	60	16.5497	-0.3671	138.7867
	70	16.4666	-0.3673	142.4587
	80	16.3835	-0.3676	146.1332

Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, UFCG, Av. Aprígio Veloso 882, Bodocongó, Bloco CM, 1º andar, CEP 58429-140, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, Tel. +55 83 2101 1056 - Campina Grande - PB - Brazil
E-mail: revistagriambi@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: joanadarcpma@hotmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Foam mat drying kinetics of jambolan and acerola mixed pulp1 1 Research developed at Laboratory of Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil

Cinética de secagem em camada de espuma da polpa mista de jambolão e acerola

HIGHLIGHTS:

ABSTRACT

Foam mat drying kinetics of jambolan and acerola mixed pulp¹ 1 Research developed at Laboratory of Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil