BACKGROUND: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)related bleeding is a frequent complication whose prognosis is often neglected. Several studies have shown the adverse clinical impact of bleeding, especially increased short and long-term mortality rates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate predictors and clinical impact of this complication in a large cohort of patients undergoing PCI. METHODS: We performed a prospective analysis of 2,892 consecutive patients undergoing elective or urgent PCI from January/2008 to June/2009. Patients with and without bleeding were compared for clinical, angiographic and procedure-related variables as well as in-hospital clinical outcomes. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the influence and independence of bleeding predictors. RESULTS: Procedure-related bleeding was identified in 1.7% of the patients. Taking in account only patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) the incidence increased to 3.4%. Multivariate analysis identified ACS [odds ratio (OR) 3.96, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.45-11.42], use of glycoprotein IIb/IIa inhibitors (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.68-3.87), chronic renal failure (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.11-3.49), Killip IV (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.54-3.5) and femoral access (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.19-3.14) as independent predictors of bleeding. Procedure-related bleeding was associated with in-hospital acute renal failure (16.7% vs. 1.6%; P < 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (10.4% vs. 0.7%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that periprocedural bleeding, more frequently observed in patients with ACS, is a predictor of in-hospital major clinical adverse events, including increased mortality rates.
Hemorrhage; Angioplasty, transluminal, percutaneous coronary; Hospital mortality
