Identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos no triatlo olímpico: uma perspectiva de treinadores brasileiros

Vieira, Leandro Albuquerque; Werneck, Francisco Zacaron; Coelho, Emerson Filipino; Miranda, Luciano; Lima, Jorge Roberto Perrout de

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

original article • Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum. 25 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2023v25e90562 copiar

Identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos no triatlo olímpico: uma perspectiva de treinadores brasileiros

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

O conhecimento dos treinadores tem sido utilizado na pesquisa sobre identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos. O objetivo foi investigar como os treinadores de triatlo brasileiros identificam os talentos e qual é a importância de diferentes fatores e indicadores para o desenvolvimento de jovens triatletas. 37 treinadores (89% homens; 36,2 ± 8,3 anos; 43% nível competitivo internacional) responderam um questionário online sobre características antropométricas, físico-motoras, técnicas, táticas, psicológicas e ambientais. Em uma escala de 1 (não muito importante) a 5 (extremamente importante), os treinadores indicaram em que medida um fator/indicador do potencial esportivo era importante para o desenvolvimento de talentos no triatlo. 45,9% dos treinadores realizam identificação de talentos, principalmente por testes físico-motores e simulados de triatlo. No desenvolvimento de talentos, o fator físico-motor foi o mais importante, seguido pelo fator técnico, psicológico e antropométrico, e por fim o fator tático e ambiental. A maioria dos treinadores considerou como extremamente importante os indicadores: determinação (70%), resistência aeróbica (65%), habilidades específicas de natação (62%), capacidade de suportar pressão (59%) e eficiência do gesto cíclico de nadar, pedalar e correr (57%). Conclui-se que os treinadores de triatlo brasileiros identificam talentos principalmente por meio de baterias de testes e simulados de triatlo e consideram o fator físico-motor o mais importante para o desenvolvimento de jovens triatletas talentosos, mas não o único.

Palavras-chave:
Aptidão; Atletas; Performance atlética; Seleção de talentos

	N	%
Sex
Male	33	89.2
Female	4	10.8
Age Group
19 to 29 years	6	16.2
30 to 40 years	21	56.8
>40 years	10	27.0
Region
North	2	5.4
South	3	8.1
Southeast	24	64.9
Northeast	4	10.8
Mid-West	3	8.1
Experience Time
Up to 10 years	28	75.7
11 to 20 years	7	18.9
>20 years	2	5.4
Competitive Level
Internacional	16	43.2
National	14	37.8
State/Municipal	7	19.0
Former Athletes of Triathlon
Yes	34	91.9
No	3	8.1

Procedures	N	%
Battery of motor physical tests	10	58.8
Triathlon simulations	9	52.9
Competition performance	7	41.2
Progression in training	7	41.2
Subjective evaluation of potential by the coach	6	35.3
Tests of specific skills	4	23.5
Anthropometric measurements	3	17.6
Evaluation of biological maturation	3	17.6
Psychological questionnaires	1	5.9
Social level and family conditions	1	5.9

	Average ± DP	Importance Attributed (%)
	Average ± DP	Nothing	Not Much	Important	Very Much	Extremely
Anthropometric	3.3±0.9	2.7%	13.5%	40.5%	35.1%	8.1%
Body Mass	3.4±1.0	2.7%	10.8%	51.4%	16.2%	18.9%
Height	2.8±0.8	2.7%	37.8%	35.1%	41.5%	0.0%
Muscle Mass	3.2±0.9	2.7%	16.2%	40.5%	35.1%	5.4%
Wingspan	3.2±1.1	8.1%	16.2%	37.8%	27.0%	10.8%
Length of MMII	3.0±1.0	5.4%	27.0%	40.5%	18.9%	8.1%
Biotype	3.8±1.0	2.7%	8.1%	27.0%	35.1%	27.0%
Physical-motor	4.2±0.8	0.0%	2.7%	10.8%	45.9%	40.5%
Speed	3.9±0.9	0.0%	5.4%	29.7%	35.1%	29.7%
Isometric maximal strength of upper limbs	2.7±0.7	0.0%	45.9%	37.8%	16.2%	0.0%
Isometric maximal strength of lower limbs	3.1±0.9	1.1%	32.4%	32.4%	29.7%	5.4%
Lumbar traction force	3.2±1.0	2.7%	24.3%	35.1%	29.7%	8.1%
Dynamic maximal strength of upper limbs	3.3±0.9	0.0%	16.2%	48.6%	24.3%	10.8%
Dynamic maximal strength of lower limbs	3.7±0.9	0.0%	8.1%	37.8%	35.1%	18.9%
Potency of upper limbs	3.7±1.0	0.0%	10.8%	35.1%	29.7%	24.3%
Potency of lower limbs	4.2±0.9	0.0%	2.7%	21.6%	32.4%	43.2%
Aerobic endurance	4.5±0.7	0.0%	2.7%	5.4%	27.0%	64.9%
Flexibility	3.6±0.9	0.0%	10.8%	32.4%	43.2%	13.5%
Anaerobic endurance	4.0±0.9	0.0%	8.1%	16.2%	40.5%	35.1%
Agility	3.5±0.8	0.0%	8.1%	43.2%	37.8%	10.8%
Balance	3.7±0.8	0.0%	10.8%	27.0%	43.2%	18.9%
Reaction Time	3.3±1.1	2.7%	21.6%	32.4%	29.7%	13.5%
Motor Coordination	4.0±0.9	0.0%	2.7%	35.1%	24.3%	37.8%
Technical	4.1±0.8	0.0%	2.7%	21.6%	40.5%	35.1%
Swimming specific skills	4.5±0.8	0.0%	2.7%	8.1%	27.0%	62.2%
Running specific skills	4.1±0.9	0.0%	5.4%	18.9%	35.1%	40.5%
Cycling specific skills	4.1±0.9	0.0%	5.4%	18.9%	37.8%	37.8%
Procedures within the transition area	3.8±1.1	0.0%	10.8%	32.4%	18.9%	37.8%
Hydrodynamics and aerodynamics	4.1±0.9	0.0%	2.7%	27.0%	32.4%	37.8%
Cyclic gesture of swimming, cycling, and running	4.4±0.8	0.0%	5.4%	5.4%	32.4%	56.8%
Tactical	3.2±1.0	2.7%	18.9%	43.2%	24.3%	10.8%
Positioning with respect to other competitors	3.6±0.9	0.0%	8.1%	43.2%	27.0%	21.6%
Vacuum utilization	4.2±0.8	0.0%	2.7%	18.9%	37.8%	40.5%
Pacing strategy	3.8±1.0	0.0%	10.8%	27.0%	37.8%	24.3%
Knowledge about the other triathletes	3.2±0.9	0.0%	24.3%	37.8%	32.4%	5.4%
Decision making in changing situations	4.0±0.9	0.0%	5.4%	27.0%	29.7%	37.8%
Approach actions to the opponent	3.6±1.0	0.0%	10.8%	37.8%	29.7%	21.6%
Supplementation strategy	3.8±1.1	2.7%	5.4%	37.8%	16.2%	37.8%
Psychological	4.3±0.6	0.0%	0.0%	8.1%	56.8%	35.1%
Self-confidence	4.4±0.8	0.0%	0.0%	16.2%	32.4%	51.4%
Ability to withstand pressure	4.5±0.7	0.0%	0.0%	10.8%	29.7%	59.5%
Concentration	4.5±0.6	0.0%	0.0%	8.1%	37.8%	54.1%
Competitiveness	4.2±0.8	0.0%	2.7%	18.9%	35.1%	43.2%
Goal setting	4.0±0.8	0.0%	2.7%	27.0%	40.5%	29.7%
Dealing with adversity	4.5±0.6	0.0%	0.0%	8.1%	37.8%	54.1%
Trainability	4.4±0.7	0.0%	0.0%	10.8%	43.2%	45.9%
Determination	4.6±0.6	0.0%	0.0%	8.1%	21.6%	70.3%
Environmental	3.6±1.0	0.0%	13.5%	40.5%	18.9%	27.0%
Having an athlete in the family	2.3±1.1	24.3%	40.5%	24.3%	5.4%	5.4%
Early initiation	3.3±1.2	8.1%	16.2%	40.5%	10.8%	24.3%
Socioeconomic level	2.9±0.9	8.1%	18.9%	51.4%	18.9%	2.7%
Sports practice of parents	2.8±1.0	13.5%	18.9%	48.6%	13.5%	5.4%
Training location/club	3.6±1.0	2.7%	8.1%	40.5%	27.0%	21.6%
Academic performance	3.2±1.0	2.7%	16.2%	48.6%	18.9%	13.5%
Physical activity level	3.9±1.0	2.7%	2.7%	24.3%	40.5%	29.7%
Family support	4.3±0.8	0.0%	2.7%	13.5%	32.4%	51.4%
Quantity of practice	4.0±0.9	0.0%	5.4%	24.3%	37.8%	32.4%
Quality of practice	4.2±0.9	0.0%	8.1%	10.8%	32.4%	48.6%
Competition experience	3.5±1.1	5.4%	10.8%	27.0%	37.8%	18.9%

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Centro de Desportos - RBCDH, Zip postal: 88040-900 - Florianópolis, SC. Brasil, Fone/fax : (55 48) 3721-8562/(55 48) 3721-6348 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
E-mail: rbcdh@contato.ufsc.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author Jorge Roberto Perrout de Lima. Federal University of Juiz de Fora José Lourenço Kelmer Street, s/n, 36036-900, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil. E-mail: jorge.perrout@gmail.com