Report Card Brasil: revisão sistemática sobre avaliação da força muscular em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil

Lima, Tiago Rodrigues de; Martins, Priscila Custódio; Alves Junior, Carlos Alencar Souza; Moraes, Mikael Seabra; Zanlorenci, Suellem; Borges, Leandro Lima; Castro, João Antônio Chula de; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos

Tiago Rodrigues de Lima

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. Florianópolis, SC. Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-2255

Priscila Custódio Martins

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. Florianópolis, SC. Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6388-5550

Carlos Alencar Souza Alves Junior

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. Florianópolis, SC. Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5928-0567

Mikael Seabra Moraes

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. Florianópolis, SC. Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6501-9883

Suellem Zanlorenci

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. Florianópolis, SC. Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7476-5511

Leandro Lima Borges

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. Florianópolis, SC. Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9864-7694

João Antônio Chula de Castro

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. Florianópolis, SC. Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-944X

Diego Augusto Santos Silva

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Desportos. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. Florianópolis, SC. Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-7906

Corresponding author Tiago Rodrigues de Lima. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, Centro de Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC. R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, s/n, 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis (SC), Brasil. E-mail: tiago.rodrigues.lima@posgrad.ufsc.br, tiagopersonaltrainer@gmail.com

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.

Author Contributions

Conception and design of the experiment: DASS. Experiments carried out: TRL, PCM. Data analysis: TRL, PCM, DASS. Contribution with reagents/research materials/analysis tools: TRL, PCM, CASAJ, MSM, SZ, LLB, JACC, DASS. Article writing: TRL, PCM, CASAJ, MSM, SZ, LLB, JACC, DASS. All authors read and approved.

Author	Study location	Age group	Number of appraised (% females)	Objective of the study
Lima et al.²⁰20 Lima FEB, Coco MA, Pellegrinotti IL, Lima WF, Lima SB, Lima FB. Physical fitness related to motor performance and health of adolescents of the southwest region of the state of Sao Paulo and north pioneer of the state of Parana. Rbone. 2018;12(75):908-19.	Southwest São Paulo (São Paulo State - Brazil) and Norte Pioneiro (Parana State - Brazil)	12-15 years	387 (56.8)	To investigate the relationship between health-related physical fitness indicators and adolescent motor performance and health.
Lima et al.²⁶26 Lima TR, Sousa GR, Castro JAC, Silva DAS. Prevalência de baixos níveis de força muscular e fatores associados em adolescentes de uma cidade do sul do Brasil. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esporte. 2019;33(1):115-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-4690.v33i1p115-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-469...	São José (Santa Catarina State - Brazil)	14-19 years	923 (54.2)	To estimate the prevalence of low levels of handgrip strength in adolescents and to verify associated sociodemographic factors, lifestyle and body weight status.
Lima et al.²⁴24 Lima TR, Martins PC, Moraes MS, Silva DAS. Association of flexibility with sociodemographic factors, physical activity, muscle strength, and aerobic fitness in adolescents from southern Brazil. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2019;37(2):202-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;2;00005. PMid:30624538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;201...	São José (Santa Catarina State - Brazil)	14-19 years	909 (53.4)	Identify the sociodemographic, physical activity and physical fitness factors associated with flexibility.
Claumann et al.²³23 Claumann GS, Laus MF, Felden ÉPG, Silva DAS, Pelegrini A. Association between dissatisfaction with body image and health-related physical fitness among adolescents. Cien Saude Colet. 2019;24(4):1299-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018244.17312017. PMid:31066833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182...	São José (Santa Catarina State - Brazil)	15-19 years	1,058 (46.1)	To estimate the prevalence of dissatisfaction with body image and to verify the association between dissatisfaction with thinness and excess weight and components of health-related physical fitness in adolescents.
Daloia et al.¹⁸18 Daloia LMT, Leonardi-Figueiredo MM, Martinez EZ, Mattiello-Sverzut AC. Isometric muscle strength in children and adolescents using Handheld dynamometry: reliability and normative data for the Brazilian population. Braz J Phys Ther. 2018;22(6):474-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.04.006. PMid:29802034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.04...	Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo State - Brazil)	5-15 years	110 (50.0)	Evaluate the development of isometric muscle strength muscle groups of upper and lower limbs.
Lopes et al.²⁷27 Lopes VP, Malina RM, Gomez-Campos R, Cossio-Bolaños M, Arruda M, Hobold E. Body mass index and physical fitness in Brazilian adolescents. J Pediatr. 2019;95(3):358-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.04.003. PMid:29738742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.04...	Lago de Itaipu (Parana State - Brazil)	10-17 years	3,849 (52.6)	Evaluate the association between body mass index and health-related physical fitness indicators.
Moraes et al.²⁵25 Moraes ACF, Vilanova-Campelo RC, Torres-Leal FL, Carvalho HB. Is self-reported physical fitness useful for estimating fitness levels in children and adolescents? A reliability and validity study. Medicina. 2019;55(6):286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060286. PMid:31216737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina550602...	Teresina (Piauí State - Brazil)	3-17 years	300 (not described)	Determine the reliability and validity of the criteria and constructs of the International Fitness Scale (IFIS), version in Portuguese, in a Brazilian pediatric population.
Morais et al.¹⁹19 Moraes FB Jr, Lopes WA, Silva LR, Araújo CT, Jesus IC, Coutinho PR, et al. Localized fat-free mass does not influence muscle strength in obese and non-obese boys. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2018;24(5):361-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220182405156640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220182...	Curitiba (Parana State - Brazil)	13-17 years	39 (0.0)	Compare absolute and relative muscle strength with body mass, fat-free mass and localized fat-free mass of upper and lower limbs among obese and non-obese adolescents.
Miranda et al.²⁹29 Miranda L, Werneck FZ, Coelho EF, Ferreira RM, Novaes JD, Figueiredo AJB, et al. Motor talent and biological maturation in military college students. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2019;25(5):372-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220192505203673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220192... ,	Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais State -Brazil)	11-17 years	1,490 (44.3)	Evaluate anthropometric, psychomotor and maturational characteristics, investigate the proportion of motor talents, analyze the relationship between diagnosis of motor talent and maturation stage, and compare the profile of student-athletes and non-athlete students.
Santos et al.²²22 Silva DAS, Lima TR, Tremblay MS. Association between resting heart rate and health-related physical fitness in brazilian adolescents. BioMed Res Int. 2018;2018:3812197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3812197. PMid:30050928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3812197...	São José (Santa Catarina State - Brazil)	14-19 years	695 (51.5)	To investigate the association between components of health-related physical fitness (aerobic fitness, muscle strength, flexibility and body composition) with resting heart rate in Brazilian adolescents.
Rodrigues et al.²¹21 Rodrigues DP, Silva MP, Fantinelli ER, Malta NA No, Campos JG, Campos W. Physical activity associated with health-related fitness in adolescents. Adolesc Saude. 2018;15(1):58-65. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9710714. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9710714...	São José dos Pinhais (Paraná State - Brasil)	15-17,9 years	204 (42.2)	To verify the association between the level of physical activity and the frequency of structured physical activity with components of health-related physical fitness in adolescents.
Luz et al.²⁸28 Luz LGO, Maranhão GA No, Luz TDDA, Santos DHB, Silva LCB, Cunha AT Jr, et al. Motor coordination as predictor of physical fitness in prepubertal boys. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum. 2019;21:e56205. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2019v21e56205. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2019v2...	Not described (Alagoas State - Brazil)	8 years	71 (0.0)	To analyze the effect of the level of motor coordination on performance in several tests of physical fitness of prepubescent boys, before and after controlling the effect exerted by body mass.
Silva Reis et al.¹⁷17 Silva Reis M, Amud GOT, Souza Soares S, Silva CDC, Silva Corrêa L. Avaliação da aptidão física em Jovens de uma escola pública de Manaus. RBPFEX. 2018;12(72):63-9.	Manaus (Amazonas State -Brazil)	11-14 years	100 (31.0)	Assess the levels of physical fitness related to health and motor performance.

Author (s)	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q8	Q9	Q10	Q11	Q12	Q13	Q14	Score*
Claumann et al.²³23 Claumann GS, Laus MF, Felden ÉPG, Silva DAS, Pelegrini A. Association between dissatisfaction with body image and health-related physical fitness among adolescents. Cien Saude Colet. 2019;24(4):1299-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018244.17312017. PMid:31066833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182...	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.81
Silva Reis et al.¹⁷17 Silva Reis M, Amud GOT, Souza Soares S, Silva CDC, Silva Corrêa L. Avaliação da aptidão física em Jovens de uma escola pública de Manaus. RBPFEX. 2018;12(72):63-9.	1	0	NR	1	0	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.60
Daloia et al.¹⁸18 Daloia LMT, Leonardi-Figueiredo MM, Martinez EZ, Mattiello-Sverzut AC. Isometric muscle strength in children and adolescents using Handheld dynamometry: reliability and normative data for the Brazilian population. Braz J Phys Ther. 2018;22(6):474-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.04.006. PMid:29802034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.04...	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.71
Moraes et al.¹⁹19 Moraes FB Jr, Lopes WA, Silva LR, Araújo CT, Jesus IC, Coutinho PR, et al. Localized fat-free mass does not influence muscle strength in obese and non-obese boys. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2018;24(5):361-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220182405156640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220182...	1	0	NR	1	0	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.60
Moraes et al.²⁵25 Moraes ACF, Vilanova-Campelo RC, Torres-Leal FL, Carvalho HB. Is self-reported physical fitness useful for estimating fitness levels in children and adolescents? A reliability and validity study. Medicina. 2019;55(6):286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060286. PMid:31216737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina550602...	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.72
Lima et al.²⁰20 Lima FEB, Coco MA, Pellegrinotti IL, Lima WF, Lima SB, Lima FB. Physical fitness related to motor performance and health of adolescents of the southwest region of the state of Sao Paulo and north pioneer of the state of Parana. Rbone. 2018;12(75):908-19.	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	0	0.72
Lima et al.²⁶26 Lima TR, Sousa GR, Castro JAC, Silva DAS. Prevalência de baixos níveis de força muscular e fatores associados em adolescentes de uma cidade do sul do Brasil. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esporte. 2019;33(1):115-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-4690.v33i1p115-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-469...	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.81
Lima et al.²⁴24 Lima TR, Martins PC, Moraes MS, Silva DAS. Association of flexibility with sociodemographic factors, physical activity, muscle strength, and aerobic fitness in adolescents from southern Brazil. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2019;37(2):202-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;2;00005. PMid:30624538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;201...	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.81
Lopes et al.²⁷27 Lopes VP, Malina RM, Gomez-Campos R, Cossio-Bolaños M, Arruda M, Hobold E. Body mass index and physical fitness in Brazilian adolescents. J Pediatr. 2019;95(3):358-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.04.003. PMid:29738742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.04...	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.82
Luz et al.²⁸28 Luz LGO, Maranhão GA No, Luz TDDA, Santos DHB, Silva LCB, Cunha AT Jr, et al. Motor coordination as predictor of physical fitness in prepubertal boys. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum. 2019;21:e56205. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2019v21e56205. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2019v2...	1	0	1	1	0	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	0	0.54
Miranda et al.²⁹29 Miranda L, Werneck FZ, Coelho EF, Ferreira RM, Novaes JD, Figueiredo AJB, et al. Motor talent and biological maturation in military college students. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2019;25(5):372-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220192505203673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220192...	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.73
Rodrigues et al.²¹21 Rodrigues DP, Silva MP, Fantinelli ER, Malta NA No, Campos JG, Campos W. Physical activity associated with health-related fitness in adolescents. Adolesc Saude. 2018;15(1):58-65. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9710714. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9710714...	1	1	NR	1	0	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.77
Santos et al.²²22 Silva DAS, Lima TR, Tremblay MS. Association between resting heart rate and health-related physical fitness in brazilian adolescents. BioMed Res Int. 2018;2018:3812197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3812197. PMid:30050928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3812197...	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	NA	1	NA	NA	1	0.82

Author	Study location	Sample	Age group (years)	Test used to measure/assess muscle strength	Percentage of individuals classified as having adequate/healthy strength levels	Reference adopted for the classification of the identified values
Current review study
Claumann et al.²³23 Claumann GS, Laus MF, Felden ÉPG, Silva DAS, Pelegrini A. Association between dissatisfaction with body image and health-related physical fitness among adolescents. Cien Saude Colet. 2019;24(4):1299-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018244.17312017. PMid:31066833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182...	São José, Santa Catarina State	870 (412 men; 458 women)	15-19	Handgrip strength	19.1% (not stratified); 15.3% men (n = 63); 22.5% women (n = 103)	Canadian Society of Exercise and Physiology³⁰30 CSEP: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness and Lifestyle Approach (CPAFLA): CSEP - Health and Fitness Program's Health-Related Appraisal and Counselling Strategy. Ottawa: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology; 2003.
Lima et al.²⁶26 Lima TR, Sousa GR, Castro JAC, Silva DAS. Prevalência de baixos níveis de força muscular e fatores associados em adolescentes de uma cidade do sul do Brasil. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esporte. 2019;33(1):115-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-4690.v33i1p115-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-469...	São José, Santa Catarina State	923 (436 men; 487 women)	14-19	Handgrip strength	33.7% men (n = 149); 40.3% women (n = 200)	Canadian Society of Exercise and Physiology³⁰30 CSEP: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness and Lifestyle Approach (CPAFLA): CSEP - Health and Fitness Program's Health-Related Appraisal and Counselling Strategy. Ottawa: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology; 2003.
Lima et al.²⁰20 Lima FEB, Coco MA, Pellegrinotti IL, Lima WF, Lima SB, Lima FB. Physical fitness related to motor performance and health of adolescents of the southwest region of the state of Sao Paulo and north pioneer of the state of Parana. Rbone. 2018;12(75):908-19.*	São Paulo State and Santa Catarina State	387 (167 men; 220 women)	12-15	Medicine-ball throw; Horizontal jump	40.7% men (n =68); 30.4% women (n = 67); 42.5% men (n =71); 25.0% women (n = 55);	Project Sport Brazil³¹31 Gaya A, Silva G. Projeto Esporte Brasil: manual de aplicação de medidas e testes, normas e critérios de avaliação. Porto Alegre: Projeto Esporte Brasil, Centro de Estudos Olímpicos, UFRGS; 2007. 27 p.
Total current systematic review†	South and Southeast of Brazil	2,180 (1,015 men; 1,165 women)	12-19	Handgrip strength; Medicine-ball throw; Horizontal jump	29.8% (not stratified, n = 650); 27.6% men (n = 280); 31.8% women (n = 370)	Canadian Society of Exercise and Physiology³⁰30 CSEP: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness and Lifestyle Approach (CPAFLA): CSEP - Health and Fitness Program's Health-Related Appraisal and Counselling Strategy. Ottawa: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology; 2003.; Project Sport Brazil³¹31 Gaya A, Silva G. Projeto Esporte Brasil: manual de aplicação de medidas e testes, normas e critérios de avaliação. Porto Alegre: Projeto Esporte Brasil, Centro de Estudos Olímpicos, UFRGS; 2007. 27 p.
Total previous systematic review ⁹9 Lima TR, Moraes MS, Martins PC, Silva VS, Silva DAS. Diversity of parameters in the muscle strength evaluation of Brazilian school children and adolescents: a systematic review. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum. 2018;20(4):497-516. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n4p497. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2018...	All geographic regions with at least one locality	13,028 (7,179 men, 5,849 women)	7-19	Medicine-ball throw; Handgrip strength	62.5% (not stratified by sex, n = 8,137); 65.9% men (n = 4,729); 58.2% women (n = 3,408)	Project Sport Brazil³¹31 Gaya A, Silva G. Projeto Esporte Brasil: manual de aplicação de medidas e testes, normas e critérios de avaliação. Porto Alegre: Projeto Esporte Brasil, Centro de Estudos Olímpicos, UFRGS; 2007. 27 p.; Canadian Society of Exercise and Physiology³⁰30 CSEP: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness and Lifestyle Approach (CPAFLA): CSEP - Health and Fitness Program's Health-Related Appraisal and Counselling Strategy. Ottawa: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology; 2003.
Updated information‡	All geographic regions with at least one locality	15,208 (8,194 men; 7,014 women)	7-19	Handgrip strength; Medicine-ball throw; Horizontal jump	57.8% (not stratified by sex, n = 8,787); 61.1% men (n = 5,009) 58.8% women (n = 3,778)

[1] Corresponding author Tiago Rodrigues de Lima. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, Centro de Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC. R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, s/n, 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis (SC), Brasil. E-mail: tiago.rodrigues.lima@posgrad.ufsc.br, tiagopersonaltrainer@gmail.com

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Report Card Brasil: revisão sistemática sobre avaliação da força muscular em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil

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