The Cox Maze procedure has been used to restore the sinus rhythm in patients (pts) with chronic atrial fibrillation (CHF). Usually dissection and suture increase the operative time and postoperative complications. Hence, to avoid this we have used transoperative radiofrequency (RF) or ultrasound applications to create the lines. Since 1998, five pts. have been operated (3 females) with average age of 145.8 years. All suffered from valve disease and CAF. The peripheral leads were monitored and extracorporeal circulations initiated without cardioplegia. After opening the right atrium, the RF lesion lines were created using a modified Maze procedure. Regulation of the R-R and increase in the "F" waves, resembling an atypical atrial flutter accurred soon after. Following aortic clamping and left atrial opening the left auricle was isolated and the RF lines were done. After liberations of the aorta, the heart contracted spontaneously and retuned to sinus rhythm. After valve replacement and reduction of the left atrium, the ECG continued to record sinus rhythm. We have used ultrasound in our last two patients to procedure deeper and easier lesion lines. All pts. displayed sinus rhythm both in the early and late postoperative periods. All pts. were maintained on 120 gms/day of oral Verapamil to aid in atrial remodiling. In conclusion this technique has shortened the time necessary to accomplish the Maze procedure, reducing tissue damage and complications.
Atrial fibrillation; Cardiac surgical procedures; Catheter ablation; Ultrasonography
