The Effects of Adding Juniper Berry in Broiler Diets on Performance, Parameters of Serum, Carcass, Histopathology and Jejunum Villi Lengths

Aldemir, R

doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1465

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Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science

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Original Article • Braz. J. Poult. Sci. 24 (02) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1465 copy

The Effects of Adding Juniper Berry in Broiler Diets on Performance, Parameters of Serum, Carcass, Histopathology and Jejunum Villi Lengths

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of adding fruit of juniper berry (Juniperus communis) on performance, some carcass characteristics, serum parameters, histopathological features and jejunum villi lengths in broiler diets. A total of 150 male chicks were used in the study. The chicks were housed for 42 days. One of the experimental groups was a control group, and the diets of the 4 treatment groups included 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% dried natural juniper berries, respectively. Addition of fruit of juniper berry to the diets had positive effects on body weight, average daily weight gain, feed conversion rate and slaughter weight, feed intake, hot carcass yield and serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Juniper berry addition in the diets also increased the length of the jejunum villi. As a result, it can be recommended to add up to 1% of juniper berry in broiler diet.

Keywords:
Broiler; Juniper berry; Performance; Villi lengths

	Control	Juniper berry levels, %
Ingredients (%)		0.5	1	1.5	2
Corn	52.0	51.5	51.0	50.5	50.0
Soybean meal, 44% CP	38.0	38.0	38.0	38.0	38.0
Canola oil	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
Dicalcium phosphate	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3
Limestone, 38% Ca	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.9
Vitamin premix¹	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mineral premix²	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethoxyquin	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
DL-Methionine	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
L-Lysine HCL	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Common salt	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dry juniper berry fruit	-	0.5	1.0	1.5	2.0
Analyzed Nutrients
Dry matter (DM), %	88.5	89.9	90.6	90.3	89.2
Ash, %	7.7	7.5	7.8	8.1	8.2
Crude protein(CP), %	22.1	22.8	23.0	22.9	23.5
Crude fiber, %	3.5	3.5	2.9	2.9	3.0
Ether extract, %	5.4	5.6	5.8	5.8	5.9
NFE, %³	49.7	50.6	51.1	50.6	48.8
AME, kcal/kg⁴	2996	3064	3109	3088	3051
Calcium, %	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.0	1.2
Phosphorus, %	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6

	Control	Juniper berry levels, %
Weeks		0.5	1	1.5	2	SEM
	Body Weight, g/bird
1-3	480.4 a	468.9 ab	461.3 ab	459.4 ab	440.0 b	7.4*
3-6	1947.1 ab	2038.6 a	1926.2 b	1905.0 b	1877.4 b	30.7*
1-6	1213.7 ab	1253.8 a	1193.7 ab	1182.2 b	1158.7 b	17.9*
	ADG, g/day/bird
1-3	34.8a	34.2 ab	33.8ab	33.2 ab	31.7 b	0.6*
3-6	79.4b	88.6 a	81.2b	83.1 b	82.9 b	1.7*
1-6	57.1b	61.4 a	57.5ab	58.1 b	57.3 b	0.9*
	Feed Intake, g/day/bird
1-3	57.65 b	57.27 b	57.82b	57.59 b	60.21 a	0.6*
3-6	152.9	156.54	156.52	153.37	157.20	1.0
1-6	105.28 b	106.92 ab	107.70ab	105.48 b	108.71 a	0.7**
	FCR, g intake : g gain
1-3	1.67 b	1.75 b	1.75b	1.78 ab	1.93 a	0.05*
3-6	1.95 a	1.78 b	1.95 a	1.87 ab	1.91 a	0.04**
1-6	1.85 a	1.76 b	1.88 a	1.83 ab	1.90 a	0.03*

	Control	Juniper berry levels, %
Item		0.5	1	1.5	2	SEM
Slaughter weight, kg (at 42 d)	2.37 ab	2.53 a	2.17 b	2.25 b	2.21 b	0.07*
Hot carcass weight, kg	1.94	1.92	1.78	1.85	1.81	0.03
Carcass yield, %	81.55ab	76.29 b	81.87 a	82.27 a	81.95 a	1.26**
Abdominal fat weight, g	31.00	30.63	30.43	32.57	26.57	1.11
Abdominal fat rate, %	1.60	1.59	1.71	1.76	1.46	0.06

Control Juniper berry levels, %
Item		0.5	1	1.5	2	SEM
ALT, U/l	3.30	4.70	3.48	4.15	4.50	0.31
AST, U/l	269.69	303.16	273.90	323.89	348.09	16.63
P, mg/dl	9.33b	12.28a	10.07b	9.39 b	9.05b	0.66**
Ca, g/dl	12.14b	14.66a	12.74b	12.49 b	13.08b	0.49**
Cl, mmol/l	115.84	114.60	114.53	114.78	115.63	0.31
K, mmol/l	7.81	9.24	8.26	8.43	7.21	0.38
Na, mmol/l	150.00	151.22	149.21	148.30	150.09	0.54

Control Juniper berry levels, %
1 2
Samples
1	518.40	659.12	767.13
2	512.12	650.36	768.44
3	521.21	653.10	759.57
4	515.96	656.88	761.60
5	515.14	651.71	763.74
6	510.15	653.62	758.74
7	519.25	650.32	755.88
8	519.14	665.54	769.52
Average	516.42 c	655.08 b	763.08 a

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[1] Corresponding author e-mail address
Reşit Aldemir University of Van Yuzuncu Yil Vocational High School of Gevaş, 65400, Gevaş, Van, Turkey. Phone: +90 444 50 65 Email:resitaldemir@yyu.edu.tr