OBJECTIVE: To develop a nomogram for the umbilical cord cross-sectional area (UCCSA) in normal pregnancies in women between 20 to 40 weeks gestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was developed to determine reference ranges for the UCCSA during normal pregnancies (patients with known dates of last menstrual period, and a normal ultrasound examination before the 20th week of gestation). The measurements of the UCCSA were obtained using a plane adjacent to the insertion of the cord in the abdomen. A 3.5 MHz transabdominal transducer was used on all ultrasound equipment utilized (a Synergy Multi Sync M500, a Toshiba 140 and a Toshiba Corevision). The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software. RESULTS: The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed a normal distribution of the data and the nomogram was constructed by linear regression. The analysis of variance (F test = 356.27) showed that our model was significant at a p < 0.01 level, and therefore represented adequately the studied population. The confidence interval (95%) contained the real value of the UCCSA. The equation constructed for the UCCSA (y) according to the gestational age (x) was: y = -532.27 + 44.358x - 0,655x². CONCLUSION: The nomogram developed for the UCCSA shows a progressive increase of the UCCSA up to the 32nd week, stabilization until the 34th week, and decrease after the 35th week of gestation.
Umbilical cord; Cross-sectional area; Fetal growth
