SELECTION OF <i>Handroanthus impetiginosus</i> MOTHER TREES TO SUPPORT SEED COLLECTION AREAS

Pimenta, Jéssica Maia Alves; Souza, Wendy Mattos Andrade Teixeira de; Ferrari, Cibele dos Santos; Vieira, Fábio de Almeida; Fajardo, Cristiane Gouvêa; Pacheco, Mauro Vasconcelos

doi:10.1590/1806-908820230000006

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Scientific Article • Rev. Árvore 47 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820230000006 copy

SELECTION OF Handroanthus impetiginosus MOTHER TREES TO SUPPORT SEED COLLECTION AREAS

SELEÇÃO DE ÁRVORES MATRIZES DE Handroanthus impetiginosus PARA SUBSIDIAR ÁREAS DE COLETA DE SEMENTES

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Handroanthus impetiginosus is a Brazilian native tree threatened by illegal logging that needs conservation strategies. Due to the need to obtain seeds of high genetic and physiological quality, this study aimed to select mother trees, aiming at the installation of Seed Collection Areas of H. impetiginosus. Therefore, the genetic diversity and physiological quality of seeds from 63 individuals of a natural population of H. impetiginosus in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, were evaluated. The molecular markers revealed that the studied population has high intrapopulation genetic diversity (Nei’s genetic diversity = 0.35; and Shannon index = 0.52). Subsequently, germination and seed vigor tests evaluated the physiological quality of seeds from 63 trees. Of this total, 45 individuals produced seeds of high and intermediate physiological quality. Therefore, individuals with a Nei’s genetic distance < 0.72 and germination greater than 50% can be selected as mother trees, and the population has the potential to propose a Seed Collection Area.

Keywords:
Genetic quality; Açu National Forest; Ipê-roxo.

TABLE 1 PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HANDROANTHUS IMPETIGINOSUS SEEDS FROM THE AçU NATIONAL FOREST, ASSU, RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRAZIL.

Tree	G	GSI	SL	SDM	E	ESI
	%	-	(cm)	(mg)	%	-
1	87 a	4.04 e	5.1 d	7.9 e	55 b	1.51 d
2	71 c	4.01 e	6.4 d	12.2 d	44 d	1.45 d
3	61 d	2.82 g	8.5 c	13.3 c	48 c	1.57 d
4	78 b	3.18 f	5.1 d	7.2 e	54 c	1.60 d
5	81 b	4.41 d	8.3 c	12.4 d	57 b	1.86 c
6	93 a	5.52 b	7.4 c	15.6 c	55 b	1.73 c
7	66 d	3.29 f	11.8 b	20.1 b	65 a	2.03 b
8	72 c	4.24 e	7.9 c	13.5 c	59 b	1.91 c
9	90 a	4.86 c	8.4 c	13.4 c	53 c	1.80 c
10	91 a	4.52 d	7.5 c	11.7 d	40 d	1.19 e
11	91 a	4.83 c	9.0 c	13.6 c	61 a	2.04 b
12	70 c	3.87 e	8.0 c	15.0 c	45 d	1.42 d
13	76 c	2.80 g	7.4 c	10.7 d	56 b	1.81 c
14	84 b	5.02 c	14.8 a	22.6 a	64 a	2.16 a
15	54 e	2.32 h	9.8 c	16.6 c	42 d	1.48 d
16	71 c	3.81 e	10.1 c	13.9 c	53 c	1.75 c
17	81 b	4.55 d	10.4 c	17.4 c	65 a	2.09 b
18	61 d	2.19 h	10.7 c	14.4 c	59 b	2.43 a
19	46 f	1.74 i	4.6 d	15.1 c	35 e	1.23 e
20	43 f	1.68 i	3.1 e	5.3 f	36 e	1.83 c
21	26 h	0.91 j	9.6 c	14.8 c	20 f	1.81 c
22	65 d	3.64 f	10.1 c	20.7 b	63 a	2.21 a
23	43 f	1.42 i	7.6 c	16.0 c	41 d	1.94 c
24	69 c	2.41 h	9.1 c	15.1 c	64 a	2.11 b
25	30 h	1.15 j	5.9 d	10.5 d	25 f	2.00 b
26	79 b	1.55 i	8.0 c	15.8 c	50 c	1.84 c
27	72 c	4.12 e	4.5 d	8.5 d	34 e	1.27 d
28	79 b	4.55 d	11.8 b	18.8 b	59 b	1.98 b
29	82 b	6.3 a	9.5 c	14.2 c	65 a	2.15 a
30	73 c	4.65 d	5.3 d	10.2 d	44 d	1.50 d
31	45 f	1.65 i	9.2 c	21.1 b	40 d	2.13 b
32	31 h	1.03 j	9.8 c	19.6 b	29 f	1.43 d
33	57 e	2.27 h	8.5 c	10.6 d	50 c	1.91 c
34	20 i	0.77 j	13.9 a	20.9 b	18 f	2.28 a
35	29 h	1.03 j	4.6 d	7.3 e	20 f	1.88 c
36	38 g	1.23 j	8.2 c	14.3 c	38 d	1.46 d
37	55 e	2.28 h	3.8 e	7.6 e	55 b	1.77 c
38	65 d	3.16 f	8.3 c	19.0 b	57 b	2.00 b
39	47 f	1.72 i	8.5 c	15.1 c	45 d	1.79 c
40	51 e	2.27 h	9.4 c	14.1 c	50 c	2.03 b
41	70 c	3.28 f	13.8 a	26.0 a	54 c	1.72 c
42	36 g	1.39 i	9.5 c	15.2 c	30 e	1.92 c
43	70 c	3.36 f	16.8 a	25.1 a	66 a	2.21 a
44	78 b	4.10 e	8.9 c	15.4 c	51 c	1.69 c
45	63 d	2.58 g	14.1 a	21.6 b	60 a	1.97 c
46	68 c	2.41 h	7.5 c	15.8 c	53 c	1.81 c
47	73 c	3.32 f	9.7 c	15.9 c	49 c	1.77 c
48	43 f	1.69 i	10.4 c	18.5 b	40 d	2.02 b
49	74 c	2.66 g	9.8 c	14.9 c	50 c	1.66 c
50	78 b	3.46 f	5.0 d	8.7 d	44 d	1.59 d
51	51 e	2.44 h	3.6 e	6.7 e	38 d	1.37 d
52	86 a	4.90 c	15.2 a	23.7 a	66 a	2.20 a
53	24 h	0.85 j	5.4 d	9.0 d	23 f	0.75 f
54	69 c	2.30 h	2.7 e	4.4 f	27 f	1.04 e
55	78 b	3.98 e	10.7 c	20.2 b	60 a	1.92 c
56	89 a	4.30 d	14.0 a	24.8 a	59 a	2.04 b
57	40 f	1.53 i	10.2 c	15.6 c	32 e	1.07 e
58	17 h	0.72 j	3.3 e	7.7 e	15 f	1.98 b
59	68 c	2.33 h	9.5 c	14.4 c	53 c	1.79 c
60	15 h	0.45 h	3.0 e	5.1 f	11 f	0.98 e
61	34 g	1.30 j	2.4 e	3.6 f	23 f	0.82 f
62	51 e	2.17 h	10.2 c	19.6 b	49 c	2.28 a
63	51 e	2.40 h	1.0 e	0.8 e	33 e	1.00 e
CV (%)	7.51	10.63	10.78	15.10	8.26	10.30

TABLE 2 QUALITY CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA FOR SEEDS FROM HANDROANTHUS IMPETIGINOSUS INDIVIDUALS, BASED ON THE SCOTT-KNOTT TEST AT 5% PROBABILITY LEVEL.

Variable analyzed	Classification (vigor levels)
Germination	High: 93 - 78% (a, b) Intermediate: 76 - 51% (c, d, e) Low: 47 - 20% (f, g, h, i)
Germination Speed Index	High: 6.33 - 4.83 (a, b, c) Intermediate: 4.64 - 3.15 (d, e, f) Low: 2.82 - 0.77 (g, h, i, j)
Emergence	High: 66 - 59% (a, b) Intermediate: 58 - 48% (c, d) Low: 44 - 23% (e, f)
Emergence Speed Index	High: 2.42 - 2.14 (a, b) Intermediate: 2.12 - 1.65 (c, d) Low: 1.59 - 1.26 (e, f)
Seedling Length	High: 16.76 - 13.80 cm.sdl^-1 (a, b) Intermediate: 11.78 - 7.35cm.sdl^-1 (c, d) Low: 6.42 - 2.36 cm.sdl^-1 (e)
Seedling Dry Mass	High: 26.37 - 18.54 mg.sdl^-1 (a, b) Intermediate: 17.35 - 13.34 mg.sdl^-1 (c, d) Low: 12.43 - 3.62 mg.sdl^-1 (e, f)

TABLE 3 SELECTION OF MOTHER TREES ACCORDING TO THE CRITERIA OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF HANDROANTHUS IMPETIGINOSUS.

Nei’s dendrogram groups	Individuals of each group (Genetic diversity)	Selected individuals^* * Selected individuals: trees classified according to the parameters of genetic and physiological quality. (Physiological and genetic quality)
1	1; 2; 4; 12; 37	1; 2; 4; 12; 37
2	5	5
3	7; 9; 20; 25	7; 9
4	32	-
5	38	38
6	26	26
7	42; 46; 48; 52; 53	46; 52
8	61; 62	62
9	47	47
10	54; 60	54
11	56	56
12	58	-
13	3; 28; 30; 33; 40; 50	3; 28; 30; 33; 40; 50
14	10; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23;	10; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 22;
	24; 27; 29; 31; 34; 35; 36; 39	24; 27; 29
15	6; 8; 11; 41; 43	6; 8; 11; 41; 43
16	44; 45; 49; 51; 55; 57; 59	44; 45; 49; 51; 55; 59
17	63	63

TABLE 4 PEARSON CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS BETWEEN GERMINATION AND EMERGENCE TESTS WITH THE PARAMETERS HEIGHT, DIAMETER AT BREAST HEIGHT (DBH) AND DIAMETER AT GROUND LEVEL (DGL) OF HANDROANTHUS IMPETIGINOSUS TREES.

Physiological aspect	Height	DBH	DGL
Germination	0.5984^ns	0.7774^ns	0.4705^ns
Emergence	0.9626^ns	0.4321^ns	0.9466^ns

TABLE 5 GERMINATION FOR COMPOSING SEED LOTS FROM SELECTED AND SAMPLED MOTHER TREES OF HANDROANTHUS IMPETIGINOSUS.

Seed lots	Germination (%)
Selected trees	72 a
All trees	61 b
F value	20.21^ Significant at 1% probability level by the F test.

Sociedade de Investigações Florestais Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36570-900 - Viçosa - Minas Gerais - Brazil, Tel: (55 31) 3612-3959 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: rarvore@sif.org.br

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