Governança e cidadania empresarial

Alves, Lauro Eduardo Soutello

doi:10.1590/S0034-75902001000400009

Resumos

O artigo procura traçar a evolução recente do conceito de cidadania empresarial e de sua principal manifestação: a evolução de padrões de comportamento empresarial socialmente responsável. Busca diferenciar a empresa oportunista e a empresa cidadã. Procura, ainda, inserir o conceito de comportamento socialmente responsável no contexto mais amplo da governança social, econômica e política. Além disso, sugere o possível caminho para uma investigação empírica capaz de determinar se a sustentabilidade das empresas ocorre em virtude de padrões de comportamento antes responsável do que oportunista. Retrata também a evolução recente de códigos de conduta empresarial em nível nacional e internacional. Termina com uma análise das possíveis implicações sociais e políticas da universalização da governança em geral e da cidadania empresarial em particular, tanto para os países avançados quanto para os emergentes.

Governança; cidadania; comportamento; códigos; stakeholders

The article attempts to trace the recent development of the concept of good corporate citizenship and its impact on evolving standards of socially responsible corporate behavior. It seeks to differentiate opportunistic and responsible patterns of corporate behavior. It also attempts to place the issue of corporate social responsibility within the broader context of social, political and economic governance. Furthermore, it suggests future empirical work to determine if sustainable businesses are those that follow higher standards of corporate social responsibility. It discusses the recent growth of international corporate codes of conduct. It concludes by attempting to anticipate some of the social and political consequences of future universal governance regimes and codes of corporate conduct for both the advanced and emerging economies.

Governance; corporate citizenship; behavior; codes; stakeholders

ECONOMIA

Governança e cidadania empresarial

Lauro Eduardo Soutello Alves

Ex-Chefe do Setor de Ligação com a OCDE da Embaixada do Brasil em Paris. E-mail: soutello@mre.gov.br

RESUMO

O artigo procura traçar a evolução recente do conceito de cidadania empresarial e de sua principal manifestação: a evolução de padrões de comportamento empresarial socialmente responsável. Busca diferenciar a empresa oportunista e a empresa cidadã. Procura, ainda, inserir o conceito de comportamento socialmente responsável no contexto mais amplo da governança social, econômica e política. Além disso, sugere o possível caminho para uma investigação empírica capaz de determinar se a sustentabilidade das empresas ocorre em virtude de padrões de comportamento antes responsável do que oportunista. Retrata também a evolução recente de códigos de conduta empresarial em nível nacional e internacional. Termina com uma análise das possíveis implicações sociais e políticas da universalização da governança em geral e da cidadania empresarial em particular, tanto para os países avançados quanto para os emergentes.

Palavras-chave: Governança, cidadania, comportamento, códigos, stakeholders.

ABSTRACT

The article attempts to trace the recent development of the concept of good corporate citizenship and its impact on evolving standards of socially responsible corporate behavior. It seeks to differentiate opportunistic and responsible patterns of corporate behavior. It also attempts to place the issue of corporate social responsibility within the broader context of social, political and economic governance. Furthermore, it suggests future empirical work to determine if sustainable businesses are those that follow higher standards of corporate social responsibility. It discusses the recent growth of international corporate codes of conduct. It concludes by attempting to anticipate some of the social and political consequences of future universal governance regimes and codes of corporate conduct for both the advanced and emerging economies.

Key words: Governance, corporate citizenship, behavior, codes, stakeholders.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

BIES, Robert J. Beyond the hidden self: aspects of privacy in organizations. In: MESSNICK, David M., TENBRUSSEL, Ann E. (Eds.). Codes of conduct: behavioral research into business ethics. New York : Russel Sage Foundation, 1996. p. 115.
BLAIR, Margaret M. The corporation and its stakeholders: classic and contemporary readings. Toronto : University of Toronto Press, 1998. Whose interests should corporations serve? p. 47.
BULL, Hedley. The anarchical society London & Basingstoke : Macmillan, 1977. p. 254-255.
DAHRENDORF, Ralf. The third way and liberty Foreign affairs, p. 16-17, Sep./Oct. 2000.
FRANK, Robert H. Can socially responsible firms survive in a competitive environment? In: MESSNICK, David M., TENBRUSSEL, Ann E. (Eds.). Codes of conduct: behavioral research into business ethics. New York : Russel Sage Foundation, 1996. p. 86-103.
HANSEN, Patricia Isela. Transparency, standards of review, and the use of trade measures to protect the global environment. Virginia Journal of International Law, v. 39, n. 4, p. 1061, Summer 1999.
HAYEK, F. A. Studies in philosophy, politics and economics. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul., 1967. p. 300.
KEANE, John. Civil society: old images, new visions. Stanford : Stanford University Press, 1998. p. 183.
KEYNES, John Maynard. The end of laissez-faire. In: GOULD, James A., TRUITT, Willis H. Political ideologies New York : Macmillan, 1973. p. 97.
OECD. Private initiatives for corporate responsibility: draft report to ministers By CIME. Paris : OECD, 2001.
OMAN, Charles. Globalization, regionalization, and inequality Paris : OECD, 1999. (Development Centre Reprint Series, n. 93, p. 29).
POPPER, Karl R. The open society and its enemies. Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1971. V. I : The Spell of Plato. p. 158-159.
RAWLS, John. A theory of justice Cambridge : Belknap Press of Harvard, 1971. p. 269.
TOURAINE, Alain. Comment sortir du libéralisme? Paris : Librairie Arthème Fayard, 1999. p. 14.
THURMAN, Arnold. The folklore of capitalism. New Haven/London : Yale University Press, 1937. p. 185.
TYLER, Christian. The age of moral confusion Financial Times, London, 22 Apr. 2000.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
15 Set 2011
Data do Fascículo
Dez 2001

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] BIES, Robert J. Beyond the hidden self: aspects of privacy in organizations. In: MESSNICK, David M., TENBRUSSEL, Ann E. (Eds.). Codes of conduct: behavioral research into business ethics. New York : Russel Sage Foundation, 1996. p. 115.

[2] BLAIR, Margaret M. The corporation and its stakeholders: classic and contemporary readings. Toronto : University of Toronto Press, 1998. Whose interests should corporations serve? p. 47.

[3] BULL, Hedley. The anarchical society London & Basingstoke : Macmillan, 1977. p. 254-255.

[4] DAHRENDORF, Ralf. The third way and liberty Foreign affairs, p. 16-17, Sep./Oct. 2000.

[5] FRANK, Robert H. Can socially responsible firms survive in a competitive environment? In: MESSNICK, David M., TENBRUSSEL, Ann E. (Eds.). Codes of conduct: behavioral research into business ethics. New York : Russel Sage Foundation, 1996. p. 86-103.

[6] HANSEN, Patricia Isela. Transparency, standards of review, and the use of trade measures to protect the global environment. Virginia Journal of International Law, v. 39, n. 4, p. 1061, Summer 1999.

[7] HAYEK, F. A. Studies in philosophy, politics and economics. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul., 1967. p. 300.

[8] KEANE, John. Civil society: old images, new visions. Stanford : Stanford University Press, 1998. p. 183.

[9] KEYNES, John Maynard. The end of laissez-faire. In: GOULD, James A., TRUITT, Willis H. Political ideologies New York : Macmillan, 1973. p. 97.

[10] OECD. Private initiatives for corporate responsibility: draft report to ministers By CIME. Paris : OECD, 2001.

[11] OMAN, Charles. Globalization, regionalization, and inequality Paris : OECD, 1999. (Development Centre Reprint Series, n. 93, p. 29).

[12] POPPER, Karl R. The open society and its enemies. Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1971. V. I : The Spell of Plato. p. 158-159.

[13] RAWLS, John. A theory of justice Cambridge : Belknap Press of Harvard, 1971. p. 269.

[14] TOURAINE, Alain. Comment sortir du libéralisme? Paris : Librairie Arthème Fayard, 1999. p. 14.

[15] THURMAN, Arnold. The folklore of capitalism. New Haven/London : Yale University Press, 1937. p. 185.

[16] TYLER, Christian. The age of moral confusion Financial Times, London, 22 Apr. 2000.