Mental Health Profiles of University Students and Associated Life Habits

Barroso, Sabrina Martins; Ferreira, Heloísa Gonçalves; Pacheco, Janaína Thais Barbosa

doi:10.1590/0102.3772e39nspe06.en

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Special Issue on Psychological Assessment • Psic.: Teor. e Pesq. 39 (spe) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e39nspe06.en copy

Mental Health Profiles of University Students and Associated Life Habits

Perfis de Saúde Mental de Estudantes Universitários e Hábitos de Vida Associados

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

We sought to investigate the mental health profile of university students and possible individual aspects, life habits and associated academic experiences. 844 students were included, predominantly female with a mean age of 22.57 years, who answered a socioeconomic and life habits questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Cluster and multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed. Three profiles were identified: students with good, moderate and poor mental health. Married or single students, from exact sciences, who studied in a public university and did not work, with low alcohol consumption were more likely to have a good mental health. Understanding the association of life habits and academic experiences with different profiles is relevant to develop interventional strategies with this public.

Keywords:
mental health; lifestyle; clustering; college students; university student

DASS-21 subscale	Poor Mental Health (n =119)	Moderate Mental Health (n = 250)	Good Mental Health (n = 475)	F ^*
Stress	17.13_a	12.32_b	5.24_c	1054.35
Anxiety	14.13_a	6.48_b	2.12_c	1002.85
Depression	15.77_a	9.64_b	3.53_c	858.43

		n	%
Course area	Humanities and social sciences	373	44.20
	Biological and health sciences	270	32.00
	Exact sciences	200	23.70
Type of university	Public	756	93.10
Type of university	Private	58	5.90
Course term	1^st to 3^rd terms	252	31.00
	4^th to 7^th terms	367	45.10
	8^th term onwards	195	24.00
Sex	Female	656	77.70
Sex	Male	188	22.30
Marital status	Single	621	73.60
	Separated/divorced	187	22.20
	Married	36	4.30
Age	17 to 20 years old	263	31.20
	21 to 24 years old	411	48.70
	25 to 28 years old	105	12.40
	29 to 32 years old	31	3.70
	33 years old or more	34	4.00
Employed	Yes	133	24.10
Employed	No	419	75.90
Family income	Did not know how to answer	51	9.20
	Up to R$ 1,500.00	86	15.60
	From R$ 1,500.00 to 2,500.00	150	27.20
	From R$ 2,500.00 to 3.500,00	105	19.00
	Above R$ 3,500.00	160	29.00
Hours of sleep	Less than 4 hours/night	08	1.40
	4 to 6 hours/night	139	25.20
	6 to 8 hours/night	343	62.10
	More than 8 hours/night	62	11.20
Frequency of meals/day	1 to 2 meals	59	10.70
Frequency of meals/day	3 or more meals	493	89.30
Practice of physical activity	No	409	48.5
Practice of physical activity	Yes	435	51.5
Smokes	No	206	25.70
Smokes	Yes	596	74.30
Frequency of alcohol consumption	Does not consume	261	31.00
	1 time per month or less	261	31.00
	2 to 4 times per month	270	32.00
	2 to 3 times per week	45	5.30
	4 or more times per week	06	0.70
Psychological/psychiatric treatment	No	412	74.60
Psychological/psychiatric treatment	Yes	140	25.30
Depression	Normal	492	58.30
	Low	83	9.80
	Moderate	105	12.40
	Severe	99	11.70
	Extremely severe	65	7.70
Anxiety	Normal	407	48.20
	Low	135	16.00
	Moderate	87	10.30
	Severe	61	7.20
	Extremely severe	154	18.20
Stress	Normal	196	23.20
	Low	109	12.90
	Moderate	219	25.90
	Severe	141	16.70
	Extremely severe	179	21.20

	B	Wald	p	OR	IC95%
Students witd moderate mental health
Age	- 0.11	7.82	0.005	0.89	0.82 - 0.96
Male¹	0.25	0.44	0.508	1.29	0.61 - 2.71
Family income	0.004	0.00	0.973	1.00	0.78 - 1.30
Marital status - single²	1.75	27.74	<0.001	5.74	3.00 - 11.00
Marital status - married²	2.70	8.42	0.004	14.92	2.40 - 92.55
Employed³	- 071	4.27	0.039	0.49	0.25 - 0.96
Public university⁴	- 0.01	0.00	0.977	0.99	0.44 - 2.22
Course area - Human and Social Sciences⁵	0.26	0.63	0.426	1.30	0.68 - 2.47
Course area - Exact Sciences⁵	0.55	1.66	0.197	1.74	0.75 - 4.02
Term	0.17	7.97	0.005	1.19	1.05 - 1.33
Sleeps 6+ hours per night⁶	0.20	0.36	0.548	1.22	0.64 - 2.32
Eats 3+ meals/day⁷	0.14	0.10	0.757	1.15	0.463 - 2.88
Drinks alcohol - up to 1 time/week⁸	- 1.00	6.11	0.013	0.37	0.17 - 0.81
Drinks alcohol - 2+ times/week⁸	- 0.44	0.55	0.459	0.64	0.20 - 2.08
Psychological/psychiatric treatment⁹	- 0.11	0.12	0.733	0.89	0.47 - 1.70
Students with good mental health
Age	- 0.05	1.30	0.254	0.95	0.87 - 1.04
Male¹	0.73	3.25	0.071	2.08	0.94 - 4.60
Family income	0.003	0.00	0.982	1.00	0.75 - 1.35
Marital status - single²	3.46	63.79	<0.001	31.91	13.64 - 74.64
Marital status - married²	3.94	15.77	<0.001	51.22	7.34 - 357.48
Employed³	- 0.81	3.93	0.047	0.45	0.20 - 0.99
Public university⁴	1.65	3.95	0.047	5.24	1.02 - 26.85
Course area - Human and Social Sciences⁵	0.08	0.05	0.826	1.08	0.53 - 2.22
Course area - Exact Sciences⁵	1.00	4.68	0.030	2.71	1.10 - 6.68
Term	0.15	5.65	0.017	1.17	1.03 - 1.33
Sleeps 6+ hours per night⁶	0.03	0.01	0.925	1.03	0.50 - 2.13
Eats 3+ meals/day⁷	0.21	0.16	0.684	1.23	0.45 - 3.40
Drinks alcohol - up to 1 time/week⁸	- 1.00	5.44	0.020	0.37	0.16 - 0.85
Drinks alcohol - 2+ times/week⁸	- 1.20	3.21	0.073	0.30	0.08 - 1.12
Psychological/psychiatric treatment⁹	- 0.12	0.11	0.745	0.88	0.42 - 1.86

Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 - Brasília - DF - Brazil, Tel./Fax: (061) 274-6455 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
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