Thermographic Control of Pediatric Dental Patients During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemics Using Smartphones

Putrino, Alessandra; Raso, Mario; Caputo, Martina; Calace, Valeria; Barbato, Ersilia; Galluccio, Gabriella

doi:10.1590/pboci.2021.099

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clín. Integr. 21 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2021.099 copy

Thermographic Control of Pediatric Dental Patients During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemics Using Smartphones

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate the reliability of infrared (IR) thermal camera connected to smartphones, already used in medicine for diagnostic purposes, as an easy tool for access screening to pediatric dentistry services.

Material and Methods:

After the preventive telephone triage, thirty orthodontic patients (7-13 years) underwent temperature measurement in the office with two no-contact IR devices: forehead digital thermometer and thermal-camera connected to a smartphone (reference areas: forehead, inner canthi, ears). Measurements were compared and differences were statistically investigated with T student’s test (p<0.01).

Results:

Forehead digital thermometer temperatures were superimposable to those recorded in ear areas and inner canthi with the thermal camera connected to a smartphone. Differences were not statistically significant even in comparison between the sexes. Forehead temperature values detected with a thermal camera are lower than those detected with a digital forehead thermometer.

Conclusion:

Thermal camera on a smartphone could be reliable in measuring body temperature. Mobile thermographic values of ears and inner canthi areas can be used as an alternative to forehead digital thermometer measurements. Further applications in pediatric dentistry of thermography on smartphones should be examined.

Keywords:
Differential Thermal Analysis; SARS-CoV-2; Smartphone; Body Temperature; Fever

Patient	Age	Sex	Orthodontic Therapy	T Forehead with NCIT at Home	T Forehead with NCIT at D.O.	T Forehead with IR-TIC	T Right Ear with IR-TIC	T Left Ear with IR-TIC	Mean Values of t in Both Ears with IR-TIC	T Inner Canthi-IR-TIC
1	9	M	Fixed	36.2	36.1	35.0	36.2	36.3	36.2	36.3
2	10	F	Mixed	35.8	36.0	34.7	36.3	360	36.1	36.0
3	13	M	Removable	36.0	36.2	35.8	36.1	36.1	36.1	36.2
4	7	M	Removable	35.1	35.0	33.4	35.2	35.0	35.1	35.2
5	11	F	Fixed	35.6	35.1	34.0	35.5	35.4	35.4	35.5
6	10	F	Fixed	36.4	36.3	35.0	36.4	36.1	36.2	36.2
7	12	M	Removable	34.8	34.3	34.1	34.5	34.0	34.2	34.4
8	9	F	Fixed	35.7	35.8	35.5	36.0	35.8	35.9	35.7
9	10	F	Mixed	36.2	36.0	34.8	36.0	35.8	35.9	35.8
10	7	F	Mixed	36.7	36.3	35.0	36.4	36.1	36.2	36.2
11	8	M	Removable	36.0	36.4	35.2	36.6	36.3	36.4	36.3
12	8	F	Removable	35.0	35.5	35.0	36.1	36.0	36.0	36.1
13	11	F	Fixed	35.4	35.0	33.0	35.0	35.0	35.0	35.1
14	10	F	Fixed	36.3	36.1	34.0	36.3	36.1	36.2	36.0
15	13	M	Fixed	34.8	34.5	32.7	34.3	34.1	34.2	34.3
16	9	M	Removable	34.6	35.0	34.0	35.0	35.0	35.0	35.1
17	10	F	Removable	35.6	36.0	34.0	36.0	35.7	36.1	36.0
18	9	M	Fixed	35.0	35.1	35.0	35.4	35.4	35.4	35.3
19	7	F	Removable	36.1	36.4	34.0	36.5	36.0	36.2	36.1
20	10	M	Mixed	34.7	35.0	33.8	35.2	35.0	35.1	35.1
21	13	M	Fixed	35.4	36.1	35.5	35.8	36.0	35.9	36.0
22	11	M	Fixed	35.6	36.0	35.0	36.3	36.0	36.1	36.2
23	12	F	Fixed	36.5	36.1	36.1	36.5	36.2	36.3	36.2
24	11	F	Removable	34.9	35.3	33.0	35.7	35.5	35.6	35.6
25	9	M	Removable	35.7	36.2	34.6	36.4	36.1	36.2	36.1
26	8	F	Mixed	36.4	36.0	34.4	36.5	36.3	36.4	36.2
27	8	F	Removable	34.9	35.1	35.0	35.2	35.2	35.2	35.1
28	9	M	Fixed	35.6	36.0	35.0	36.0	36.0	36.0	36.0
29	9	F	Mixed	36.2	36.0	35.3	36.3	36.1	36.2	36.1
30	7	M	Removable	36.0	36.3	35.8	36.6	36.2	36.4	36.2

Comparison between Datasets	Sample Size	Mean Values	Standard Deviations	t	Degrees of Freedom	p-value
T Forehead-NCIT/T Forehead-IR-TIC	30; 30	35.7067; 34.5900	0.6011; 0.8676	5.7949	58	0.0000
T Forehead-NCIT/T ear Right-IR-TIC	30; 30	35.7067; 35.8767	0.6011; 0.6355	1.0644	58	0.2916
T Forehead-NCIT/T ear Left-IR-TIC	30; 30	35.7067; 35.6933	0.6011; 0.6153	0.0849	58	0.9326
T Forehead-NCIT/T Ears-IR-TIC	30; 30	35.7067; 35.7733	0.6011; 0.6158	0.4243	58	0.6729
T Forehead-NCIT/T inner canthi-IR-TIC	30; 30	35.6400; 35.7533	0.6083; 0.5582	0.7519	58	0.4552
T Forehead-IR-TIC/T ear Right-IR-TIC	30; 30	34.5900; 35.8767	0.8676; 0.6355	6.5530	58	0.0000
T Forehead-IR-TIC/T ear Left-IR-TIC	30; 30	34.5900; 35.6933	0.8676; 0.6153	5.6819	58	0.0000
T Forehead-IR-TIC/T ears-IR-TIC	30; 30	34.5900; 35.7733	0.8676; 0.6158	6.0920	58	0.0000
T Forehead-IR-TIC/T inner canthi-IR-TIC	30; 30	34.5900; 35.7533	0.8676; 0.5582	6.1767	58	0.0000

Comparison between Datasets	Sample Sizes	Mean Values	Standard Deviations	t	Degrees of Freedom	p-value
M (T Forehead-NCIT)/F (T Forehead-NCIT)	16; 14	35.5857; 35.8125	0.7284; 0.4617	1.0321	28	0.3109
M (T Forehead-IR-TIC)/F (T Forehead-IR-TIC)	16; 14	34.6357; 34.5500	0.9187; 0.8485	0.2656	28	0.7925
M (T ear Right IR-TIC)/F (T ear Right-IR-TIC)	16; 14	36.0438; 35.6857	0.4690; 0.7574	1.5785	28	0.1257
M (T ear Left-IR-TIC)/F (T ear Left-IR-TIC)	16; 14	35.8313; 35.5357	0.3772; 0.7398	1.3298	28	0.1943
M (T ears-IR-TIC)/F (T ears-IR-TIC)	16; 14	35.9313; 35.5929	0.4143; 0.7631	1.5363	28	0.1357
M (T inner canthi-IR-TIC)/F (T inner canthi-IR-TIC)	16; 14	35.8688; 35.6214	0.3719; 0.7073	1.2210	28	0.2323

Associação de Apoio à Pesquisa em Saúde Bucal Avenida Epitácio Pessoa, 4161 - Sala 06, Miramar, CEP: 58020-388, João Pessoa, PB - Brasil, Tel.: 55-83-98773 2150 - João Pessoa - PB - Brazil
E-mail: apesb@terra.com.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence: Alessandra Putrino, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Unit of Orthodontics, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. E-mail: alessandra.putrino@gmail.com.