Incidence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors in the School Period in a Municipality in Southern Brazil

Nazário, Andréia Clara; Traebert, Jefferson; Traebert, Eliane

doi:10.1590/pboci.2024.002

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Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clín. Integr. 24 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2024.002 copy

Incidence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors in the School Period in a Municipality in Southern Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To estimate the incidence of dental caries and associated factors in the school period from six/seven to ten years of age.

Material and Methods:

A longitudinal study involving 168 children was followed up between 2015 and 2019 in the municipality of Palhoça, Brazil. The dependent variable was the caries incidence rate in the mixed dentition. The independent variables included information regarding demographic and socioeconomic status. Multivariate analyzes were carried out using Poisson Regression with a robust estimator. Variables with p <0.20 in the bivariate analysis were included in the adjusted model. Relative risks were estimated, as well as 95% confidence intervals.

Results:

Of 168 followed schoolchildren, 32 developed the disease, providing an incidence rate of 19.0%. Female children had a 10% higher risk [RR = 1.10 (95% CI 1.03; 1.18)] of developing caries than males. Also, children born from fathers with ≤ 8 years of schooling at baseline had a 9% higher risk [RR = 1.09 (95% CI 1.01; 1.16)] of developing dental caries compared to fathers with higher education.

Conclusion:

The incidence of dental caries in a four-year period was 19.0%. Females and children born from fathers with a lower level of education showed higher incidence rates.

Keywords:
Dental Caries; Incidence; Schools; Age Groups

Variables	Decayed			Missing			Filled			Total
Variables	Mean	SD	%	Mean	SD	%	Mean	SD	%	Mean	SD	%
dmf-t	0.82	1.70	62.6	0.04	0.21	3.0	0.45	1.21	34.4	1.31	2.22	100.0
DMF-T	0.99	1.57	66.0	0.06	0.37	4.4	0.45	1.33	30.0	1.50	2.19	100.0

Variables	N	%
Child’s Gender (n=168)
Male	87	51.8
Female	81	48.2
Child’s Skin Color (n=168)
White	150	89.2
Non-white	18	10.8
School Type (n=168)
Private	133	79.2
Public	35	20.8
Father’s Occupation at Baseline (n=152)
No income	8	5.3
With income	144	94.7
Mother’s Occupation at Baseline (n=154)
No income	65	42.2
With income	98	57.8
Father’s Education at Baseline (n=139)
≤ 8 years completed	69	49.6
> 8 years completed	70	50.4
Mother’s Education at Baseline (n=154)
≤ 8 years completed	57	37.0
> 8 years completed	97	63.0
State Family Allowance (Bolsa Família) (n=166)
Yes	10	6.0
No	156	94.0

Variables	Dental Caries
Variables	Yes N(%)	RR	CI 95%	p-value
Child's Gender				0.003
Male	9 (10.3)	1.00
Female	23 (28.4)	1.10	1.03; 1.18
Child’s Ethnicity/Skin Color				0.386
White	27 (18.0)	1.06	0.93; 1.20
Non-white	5 (27.8)	1.00
School Type				0.377
Private	5 (14.3)	0.97	0.90; 1.04
Public	27 (20.3)	1.00
Father’s Occupation at Baseline				0.643
No income	1 (12.5)	1.00	0.91; 1.17
With income	26 (18.1)	1.03
Mother’s Occupation at Baseline				0.512
No income	14 (21.5)	0,98	0.91; 1.05
With income	17 (17.3)	1.00
Father’s education at baseline				0.013
≤ 8 years completed	18 (26.1)	1.09	1.02; 1.17
> 8 years completed	7 (10.0)	1.00
Mother’s education at baseline				0.874
≤ 8 years completed	10 (17.5)	1.00
> 8 years completed	18 (18.6)	1.01	0.94; 1.08
State Family Allowance (Bolsa Família)				0.953
Yes	2 (20.0)	0.99	0.86; 1.15
No	30 (19.2)	1.00

Variables	Dental Caries
Variables	RRc	CI 95%	p-value	RRa	CI 95%	p-value
Child’s Gender			0.003			0.007
Male	1.00			1.00
Female	1.10	1.03; 1.18		1.10	1.03; 1.18
Child’s Ethnicity/Skin Color			0.386
White	1.06	0.93; 1.20
Non-white	1.00
School Type			0.377
Private	0.97	0.90; 1.04
Public	1.00
Father’s Occupation at Baseline			0.643
No income	1.00	0.91; 1.17
With income	1.03
Mother’s Occupation at Baseline			0.512
No income	0.98	0.91; 1.05
With income	1.00
Father’s Education at Baseline			0.013			0.018
≤ 8 years completed	1.09	1.02; 1.17		1.09	1.01; 1.16
> 8 years completed	1.00			1.00
Mother’s Education at Baseline			0.874
≤ 8 years completed	1.00
> 8 years completed	1.01	0.94; 1.08
State Family Allowance (Bolsa Família)			0.953
Yes	0.99	0.86; 1.15
No	1.00

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[1] Correspondence: Eliane Traebert E-mail: elisazevedot@gmail.com