The tadpole of an insular population of Cycloramphus boraceiensis Heyer, 1983 (Anura: Cycloramphidae) with a review of larval descriptions for species in the genus

Colaço, Gustavo; Batista, Marcelo; Limp, Gabriel; Silva, Hélio Ricardo da

doi:10.11606/1807-0205/2021.61.48

Gustavo Colaço ²2E-mail: gustavcolaco@gmail.com (corresponding author)

Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (ICBS), Departamento de Biologia Animal. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-1472

Marcelo Batista ³3E-mail: marcelokcsb@gmail.com

Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (ICBS), Departamento de Biologia Animal. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-1931

Gabriel Limp ⁴4E-mail: gabriellimp@hotmail.com

Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (ICBS), Departamento de Biologia Animal. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-8833

Hélio Ricardo da Silva ⁵5E-mail: heliorsilva@gmail.com

Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (ICBS), Departamento de Biologia Animal. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-8110

²E-mail: gustavcolaco@gmail.com (corresponding author)

³E-mail: marcelokcsb@gmail.com

⁴E-mail: gabriellimp@hotmail.com

⁵E-mail: heliorsilva@gmail.com

G.C., M.B, G.L. and H.R.S. contributed equally in all stages of the research that culminated in this paper. We all did field work, discussed the problem involved, contributed to photographic and figure assemblage and all the necessary work involved in the final stages of reporting our findings. All the authors reviewed and approved the final version of the paper.

Edited by: Julia Klaczko

Figures (3)
Tables (2)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
The tadpole of Cycloramphus boraceiensis (USNM 217933), from Estação Biológica de Boracéia, São Paulo, Brazil. (A) Illustration of the lateral view as originally appeared in Heyer’s (1983Heyer, W.R. 1983a. Variation and systematics of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 30: 235-339. http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v30i4p235-339
http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v... a) original description, (B) and (C) ventral view and (D) dorsal view of the photographed specimen used in the original description and Illustration presented in A. We highlighted the P3 row, which is made up by smaller keratodonts than the other rows, the spiracle, meniscus, and the bulge on the gill region, that together with the degree of development of the feet are indicative of a tadpole Stage 41 (Gosner, 1960Gosner, K.L. 1960. A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification. Herpetologica, 16: 183-190.).

Thumbnail

Figure 2
External morphological features of a tadpole of Cycloramphus boraceiensis Stage 36 (Gosner, 1960Gosner, K.L. 1960. A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification. Herpetologica, 16: 183-190.). (A) Dorsal view, (B) Lateral view, (C) Ventral view, (D) close up of oral disc and jaw sheaths; note the smaller size of keratodonts on P3 row, (E) close up of midbody showing spiracle opening and lateral view of the flap, (F) close up of the posterior portion of the body showing the position of the vent opening (the brownish coloration s fecal matter) and the extension of the flap, (G) close up of left side of the head.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Aspect of the river on the beach of Longa, at Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro. (A) An overview of the macrohabitat, (B) detail of the mesohabitat, and (C) close up of microhabitat were tadpoles of Cycloramphus boraceiensis are found.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Measurements of the tadpoles of Cycloramphus boraceiensis (Columns). Each line represents a measured specimen and its Gosner (1960Gosner, K.L. 1960. A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification. Herpetologica, 16: 183-190.) stage, respectively.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Reviewed and modified version of the Table first presented by Lima et al. (2010Lima, A.M.; Garey, M.V.; Noleto, R.B. & Verdade, V.K. 2010. Natural history of the Lutz’s frog Cycloramphus lutzorum Heyer, 1983 (Anura: Cycloramphidae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: description of the advertisement call, tadpole, and karyotype. Journal of Herpetology, 44(3): 360-372. http://doi.org/10.1670/08-185.1
http://doi.org/10.1670/08-185.1... ) compiling the main characters for external morphology of tadpoles of species in the genus Cycloramphus. Data took from original descriptions, except for C. boraceiensis from Heyer et al., (1990Heyer, W.R.; Rand, A.S.; Cruz, C.A.G.; Peixoto, O.L. & Nelson, C.E. 1990. Frogs of Boraceia. Arquivos de Zoologia, 31: 231-410.) and C. stejnegeri from Heyer, (1983aHeyer, W.R. 1983a. Variation and systematics of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 30: 235-339. http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v30i4p235-339
http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v... ).

Stage	TL	BL	BMH	BMW	ED	END	ESD	IOD	IND	TAL	TMH	DFL	VFL	DFH	VFH	DFBD	VFBD	SSD	ODW
29	20.75	5.06	1.88	3.11	0.61	0.64	1.56	1.14	0.63	15.49	1.33	7.61	8.01	0.33	0.39	7.78	8.1	2.88	1.77
29	18.17	4.57	1.62	2.73	0.58	0.52	1.29	0.7	0.59	13.89	1.18	7.23	6.4	0.21	0.27	7.4	7.19	2.61	1.61
30	21.55	5.39	1.92	3.01	0.73	0.73	1.67	1.3	0.72	16.19	1.19	8.93	8.8	0.3	0.34	7.37	7.72	3.3	2.11
31	22.82	5.8	2.04	2.97	0.68	0.74	1.78	1.37	0.83	16.83	1.25	8.52	9.35	0.24	0.31	8.58	7.74	3.37	1.98
32	25.44	6.33	2.06	3.65	0.72	0.88	1.81	1.22	0.78	19.55	1.61	10.48	10.29	0.29	0.42	8.48	7.44	3.69	2.28
32	23.41	5.95	2.14	3.11	0.7	0.82	1.8	1.39	0.79	17.26	1.39	9.36	9.93	0.28	0.36	7.85	7.44	3.54	2.08
34	25.27	6.75	2.36	3.52	0.71	0.91	2.34	1.75	0.94	18	1.74	11.49	10.58	0.29	0.37	8	8.81	3.78	2.02
36	32.95	7.18	2.33	3.87	0.95	1.06	2.49	1.85	1.04	25.4	1.95	14.8	13.88	0.31	0.4	10.85	11.4	4.35	2.49
44	31.84	7.77	3.39	3.74	1.1	0.95	1.37	2.52	0.82	23.85	1.98	15	12.42	0.23	0.36	9.98	11.26	-	-

Species	Stage	Total length (mm)	Body length (% of TL)	Eye diameter (% of BL)	Position of nares	Abdominal Flap	Ventral tail fin	LTRF	Source
C. boraceiensis	29-44	18.17-32.95	21-26	10-14	half ESD	SB or not	posterior half	2(2)/3(1)	Present study
C. boraceiensis ^*	41	27.2	23	18	-	-	-	2/3	Heyer, 1983Heyer, W.R. 1983a. Variation and systematics of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 30: 235-339. http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v30i4p235-339 http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v... a
C. boraceiensis ^**	41	26.5	-	14	-	-	posterior half	2(2)/3	Heyeret al., 1990Heyer, W.R.; Rand, A.S.; Cruz, C.A.G.; Peixoto, O.L. & Nelson, C.E. 1990. Frogs of Boraceia. Arquivos de Zoologia, 31: 231-410.
C. bandeirensis	26-42	11.5-24.7	20-28	13-21	closer to snout	not visible/SB	along tail, posterior half, posterior third	2(2)/2(1) 2(2)/3(1) 2(2)/3(1,3) 2(2)/3(1,2,3)	Verdadeet al., 2019Verdade, V.K.; Almeida-Silva, D.; Cassimiro, J. & Rodrigues, M.T. 2019. Rediscovering Cycloramphus bandeirensis (Anura: Cycloramphidae): natural history and breeding biology of a vulnerable species with a variant reproductive mode. Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology, 18: 159-175. http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p159-175 http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v...
C. brasiliensis	41	37.5	25	17	-	Bilobed	posterior half	2/3(1)	Heyer, 1983Heyer, W.R. 1983a. Variation and systematics of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 30: 235-339. http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v30i4p235-339 http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v... a
C. fuliginosus	41	43.5	19	12	-	-	posterior half	2/3	Heyer, 1983Heyer, W.R. 1983a. Variation and systematics of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 30: 235-339. http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v30i4p235-339 http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v... a
C. izecksohni	41	32	23-28	13	-	SB or not	posterior half	2/3	Heyer, 1983Heyer, W.R. 1983a. Variation and systematics of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 30: 235-339. http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v30i4p235-339 http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v... a
C. lithomimeticus	30-37	19.6-24.3	25-31	16	-	Bilobed	posterior half	2(2)/3(1)	Da Silva & Ouvernay, 2012Da Silva, H.R. & Ouvernay, D. 2012. A new species of stream-dwelling frog of the genus Cycloramphus (Anura, Cycloramphidae) from the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Zootaxa, 3407: 49-60.
C. lutzorum	36-43	26.2-26.9	23-31	15-20	half ESD	SB or not	posterior half	2(2)/3	Limaet al., 2010Lima, A.M.; Garey, M.V.; Noleto, R.B. & Verdade, V.K. 2010. Natural history of the Lutz’s frog Cycloramphus lutzorum Heyer, 1983 (Anura: Cycloramphidae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: description of the advertisement call, tadpole, and karyotype. Journal of Herpetology, 44(3): 360-372. http://doi.org/10.1670/08-185.1 http://doi.org/10.1670/08-185.1...
C. rhyakonastes ^***	25	22.4	24	15	half ESD	SB or not	posterior half	2/3	Nunes-de-Almeidaet al., 2016Nunes-de-Almeida, C.H.L.; Zamudio, K.R. & Toledo, L.F. 2016. The semiterrestrial tadpole of Cycloramphus rhyakonastes Heyer, 1983 (Anura, Cycloramphidae). Journal of Herpetology, 50(2): 289-294. http://doi.org/10.1670/14-117 http://doi.org/10.1670/14-117...
C. stejnegeri	30-31	25.2	30	-	-	Bilobed	along tail	2(1,2)/2(1)	Heyer & Crombie, 1979Heyer, W.R. & Crombie R.I. 1979. Natural history notes on Craspedoglossa stejnegeri and Thoropa petropolitana (Amphibia: Salientia, Leptodactylidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 69: 17-20./Heyer, 1983aHeyer, W.R. 1983a. Variation and systematics of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 30: 235-339. http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v30i4p235-339 http://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v...
C. valae	36	29.3	24-29	16-19	-	SB	posterior half	2(2)/3(1)	Heyer, 1983Heyer, W.R. 1983b. Notes on the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae), with description of two species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96(3): 548-559.b

[1] ²E-mail: gustavcolaco@gmail.com (corresponding author)

Brasil

Brasil

The tadpole of an insular population of Cycloramphus boraceiensis Heyer, 1983 (Anura: Cycloramphidae) with a review of larval descriptions for species in the genus

Abstract