Genetic control of anthracnose stalk rot resistance in tropical maize

Matiello, Rodrigo Rodrigues; Máximo, Débora da Silva; Coelho, Caroline de Jesus

doi:10.1590/1983-40632021v5168291

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Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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Research Article • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 51 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632021v5168291 copy

Genetic control of anthracnose stalk rot resistance in tropical maize

Controle genético da resistência à antracnose do colmo em milho tropical

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The genetic resistance to diseases in plants represents an important support pillar in modern agriculture. This study aimed to determine the genetic inheritance to anthracnose stalk rot resistance in tropical maize. Nine segregating families were obtained from contrasting inbred lines crosses. The parental lines and the filial generations (F₁, F₂, BC₁ and BC₂) were evaluated for antrachnose stalk rot resistance in an experiment in randomized blocks, with three replications. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design, with family effect in the plots and generation effect in the split-plots. The results showed a similar inheritance among the families, with predominance of additive genetic effects. The inbreed lines (L_R 04-2, L_R 03-2 and L_R 23-1) were very effective in transmitting resistance genes to their descendants because they allowed sharp decreases in the lesions length in the stalks. It was also possible to notice an oligogenic inheritance involved in the anthracnose stalk rot resistance for the evaluated families. It may be inferred that genetic gains from artificial selection could be successful for developing maize inbred lines more resistant to anthracnose stalk rot.

KEYWORDS:
Zea mays; Colletotrichum graminicola; gene action; heritability; heterosis

Generations	L_R04-2 x L_S71-1		L_R04-2 x L_S95-1		L_R04-2 x L_S99-4		L_R03-2 x L_S71-1		L_R03-2 x L_S95-1		L_R03-2 x L_S99-4		L_R23-1 x L_S71-1		L_R23-1 x L_S95-1		L_R23-1 x L_S99-4
	Internal lenght of the lesion (cm)
L_R	6.3	B	8.3	C	8.0	C	10.9	C	14.9	C	15.4	C	12.7	D	13.7	C	12.7	C
L_S	151.6	A	127.7	A	103.2	A	151.6	A	120.5	A	116.1	A	146.9	A	126.5	A	137.3	A
F₁	10.4	B	10.6	C	7.9	C	11.4	C	24.4	C	11.3	C	20.2	CD	13.2	C	19.0	C
F₂	31.5	B	30.2	BC	31.5	C	31.7	C	35.8	C	33.1	C	40.0	C	59.9	B	73.8	B
RC₁	11.9	B	10.6	C	9.0	C	7.4	C	20.1	C	14.1	C	16.4	CD	29.0	C	13.9	C
RC₂	137.7	A	40.6	B	73.9	B	71.7	B	68.8	B	80.3	B	78.7	B	128.5	A	36.9	C
	Number of discolored internodes
L_R	1.1	C	1.3	C	1.3	B	1.5	BC	1.4	C	1.4	C	2.5	C	1.6	C	1.6	C
L_S	5.9	A	5.9	A	5.7	A	5.7	A	5.7	A	5.5	A	5.8	A	5.8	A	5.8	A
F₁	1.3	C	1.2	C	1.3	B	1.3	C	1.4	C	1.2	C	1.5	D	1.4	C	1.6	C
F₂	2.5	B	2.2	B	2.1	B	2.4	B	3.3	B	2.4	B	4.1	B	3.3	B	3.8	B
RC₁	1.5	C	1.3	C	1.3	B	2.0	BC	1.8	C	1.5	C	1.6	D	1.8	C	1.5	C
RC₂	5.4	A	5.4	A	5.4	A	5.5	A	5.5	A	5.4	A	5.7	A	5.6	A	5.7	A

Effect	L_R04-2 x L_S71-1		L_R04-2 x L_S95-1	L_R04-2 x L_S99-4	L_R03-2 x L_S71-1	L_R03-2 x L_S95-1	L_R03-2 x L_S99-4	L_R23-1 x L_S71-1	L_R23-1 x L_S95-1	L_R23-1 x L_S99-4
	Internal lenght of the lesion
M	0.79		6.15	4.48	2.55	0.57	3.75	4.74	0.68	6.32
Â	97.10		85.10	93.12	92.63	94.36	89.31	91.54	98.07	87.09
$\hat{d}$	0.014		2.81	0.06	0.04	0.65	0.19	0.03	0.11	1.74
$\hat{a a}$	1.22		0.34	0.08	0.98	2.36	0.15	0.01	0.07	1.99
$\hat{a d}$	0.52		3.90	1.70	3.72	0.55	6.53	3.14	0.15	2.42
$\hat{d d}$	0.35		1.69	0.55	0.08	1.51	0.07	0.54	0.90	0.43
	Number of discolored internodes
M	0.05		1.57	1.64	2.90	2.07	0.54	1.75	5.21	4.97
Â	99.66		96.99	97.57	91.42	95.95	95.37	97.49	92.97	89.89
$\hat{d}$	0.05		0.36	0.026	0.74	0.008	0.70	0.002	0.45	0.97
$\hat{a a}$	0.10		0.03	0.072	0.16	0.032	1.61	0.06	0.59	1.10
$\hat{a d}$	0.01		0.88	0.64	4.40	1.82	0.02	0.33	0.77	2.84
$\hat{d d}$	0.13		0.17	0.044	0.37	0.11	1.75	0.36	0.0002	0.22
Estimates	L_R04-2 x L_S71-1		L_R04-2 x L_S95-1	L_R04-2 x L_S99-4	L_R03-2 x L_S71-1	L_R03-2 x L_S95-1	L_R03-2 x L_S99-4	L_R23-1 x L_S71-1	L_R23-1 x L_S95-1	L_R23-1 x L_S99-4
	Internal lenght of the lesion
${\hat{h}}_{n s}^{2}$ (%)		71.51	88.98	95.61	59.09	50.49	55.01	41.64	34.33	33.63
$\hat{H}$ (cm)	- 68.55		- 57.40	- 47.70	- 69.85	- 43.30	- 54.45	- 59.60	- 56.90	- 56.00
$\hat{H}$ (%)	- 86.83		- 84.41	- 85.79	- 85.97	- 63.96	- 82.81	- 74.69	- 81.17	- 74.66
N^o of genes	3.18		2.34	2.39	4.49	3.64	4.02	3.74	4.36	3.47
	Number of discolored internodes
${\hat{h}}_{n s}^{2}$ (%)	39.63		69.80	54.24	70.20	50.90	57.71	37.48	53.24	30.64
$\hat{H}$ (cm)	- 2.20		- 2.40	- 2.20	- 2.30	- 2.15	- 2.25	- 2.65	- 2.30	- 2.10
$\hat{H}$ (%)	- 62.86		- 66.67	- 62.86	- 63.89	- 60.56	- 65.22	- 63.85	- 62.16	- 56.76
N^o of genes	2.41		1.47	1.64	1.32	1.58	1.49	2.32	1.22	2.10

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[TFN1] ^*
Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ statistically from each other by the Tukey test at 5 % of probability.