Potassium fertilization and bioactivators on the soybean yield and soil microbiota

Faria, Layanara Oliveira; Souza, Ane Gabriele Vaz; Mello, Matheus Correa de; Berti, Mariana Pina da Silva

doi:10.1590/1983-40632023v5374945

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Research Article • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 53 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5374945 copy

Potassium fertilization and bioactivators on the soybean yield and soil microbiota

Adubação potássica e bioativadores na produtividade de soja e microbiota do solo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Soil microorganisms are of paramount importance for crop yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of potassium chloride doses associated with two bioactivation sources on soybean yield and soil microbial activity. The experimental design was randomized blocks, arranged in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replications, being the first factor potassium doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha^-1 of K₂O), using potassium chloride as a source, and the second factor soil bioactivation products: Penergetic (250 g ha^-1) and Efficient Microorganisms (EM) (1:250), with 250 L ha^-1 of spray volume. The KCl doses affected the soil microbial activity, while the soil bioactivating sources with the potassium chloride doses did not show significance for the leaf potassium content and soybean yield. K₂O doses higher than the maintenance dose for the soybean crop with EM negatively influenced the soil microbial biomass. The EM bioactivator associated with the maintenance dose of K for the soybean crop (60 kg ha^-1) is the most appropriate treatment for soil microbial activity, as it is the condition that presents the most stable environment and the highest microbial efficiency.

KEYWORDS:
Soil activators; Penergetic; microbial biomass

Source of variation	DF	Mean squares
Source of variation	DF	Leaf potassium content	Grain yield	Electric conductivity	Microbial respiration	Microbial biomass carbon	Metabolic quotient
K₂O doses (D)	4	1.974204^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	0.227405^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	2,822.557125^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	17.93335^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	19,925.4625^ and	0.030166^ and
Bioactivators (B)	1	1.764000^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	0.018749^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	2,043.470250^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	2.751003^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	2,220.10000^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	0.015210^* * ,
D x B	4	1.989969^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	0.393311^ns ns significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.	3,818.064625^* * ,	30.64791^* * ,	34,560.4125^ and	0.031379^ and
Residue	27	1.2917	0.1562	1,147.1645	9.56550	716.6444	0.0008
CV (%)	-	5.71	11.81	27.95	17.70	14.42	24.83

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significant at 5 % and 1 % of probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test.