Lixiviação de nitrato e manejo do solo: tendências de pesquisa globais <i>vs</i>. brasileiras para 2001-2011 e 2012-2022

Bruno, Isabeli Pereira; Furlan, Luciene Aparecida Carvalho; Araújo, Augusto Guilherme de

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Review Article • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 53 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5376778 copiar

Lixiviação de nitrato e manejo do solo: tendências de pesquisa globais vs. brasileiras para 2001-2011 e 2012-2022

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Esta revisão de literatura avaliou estudos sobre lixiviação de nitrato que foram realizados em contexto agrícola, especificamente comparando a lixiviação entre manejo convencional e plantio direto, bem como tendências de pesquisa sobre esse tema no Brasil e no mundo, ao longo de duas décadas (2001-2011 e 2012-2022). O número de estudos no mundo com foco na lixiviação de nitrato durante ambas as décadas variou entre os bancos de dados analisados, enquanto as pesquisas no Brasil foram escassas. Notavelmente, a pesquisa sobre lixiviação de nitrato em plantio direto foi escassa no mundo todo e, particularmente, no Brasil. No entanto, o interesse mundial na lixiviação de nitrato associado à agricultura aumentou entre 2001-2011 e 2012-2022, fato evidenciado pelo aumento no número de publicações em todas as bases de dados. Além disso, o número de estudos ao redor do mundo sobre lixiviação de nitrato em plantio direto aumentou nas duas últimas décadas, embora esse interesse não tenha se refletido no Brasil. Entre os 22 artigos analisados, 13 apoiam o uso do plantio direto como estratégia para reduzir a lixiviação de nitrato, em comparação com o plantio convencional; 6 não apontaram diferença significativa entre os sistemas; e 3 detectaram redução da lixiviação em plantio convencional.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Perda de nitrogênio; plantio direto; plantio convencional; agricultura conservacionista

Database	Keywords	Decade	World² 2 except Brazil;	Brazil
Scopus	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture”	2001-2011	322	4
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture”	2012-2022	576	7
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture” and “no-tillage”	2001-2011	6	0
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture” and “no-tillage”	2012-2022	16	0
Web of Science	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture”	2001-2011	306	8
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture”	2012-2022	609	9
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture” and “no-tillage”	2001-2011	4	0
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture” and “no-tillage”	2012-2022	17	0
Google Scholar³ 3 approximate numbers.	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture”	2001-2011	12,800	1,340
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture”	2012-2022	16,800	4,520
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture” and “no-tillage”	2001-2011	1,560	289
	“Nitrate leaching” and “agriculture” and “no-tillage”	2012-2022	3,300	1,190

Reference	Region	Highlight of conclusions	Nitrate leaching
Bakhsh et al. (2002)BAKHSH, A.; KANWAR, R. S.; BAILEY, T. B.; CAMBARDELLA, C. A.; KARLEN, D. L.; COLVIN, T. S. Cropping system effects on NO3-N loss with subsurface drainage water. Transactions of the ASAE, v. 45, n. 6, p. 1789-1797, 2002.	USA	Nitrate losses from chisel plow were lower than those from NT	NT > CT
Mkhabela et al. (2008)MKHABELA, M. S.; MADANI, A.; GORDON, R.; BURTON, D.; CUDMORE, D.; ELMI, A.; HART, W. Gaseous and leaching nitrogen losses from no-tillage and conventional tillage systems following surface application of cattle manure. Soil & Tillage Research, v. 98, n. 2, p. 187-199, 2008.	Canada	In most cases, nitrate was higher under CT than NT at all soil depths	NT < CT
Hooker et al. (2008)HOOKER, K. V.; COXON, C. E.; HACKETT, R.; KIRWAN, L. E.; O’KEEFFE, E.; RICHARDS, K. G. Evaluation of cover crop and reduced cultivation for reducing nitrate leaching in Ireland. Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, n. 1, p. 138-145, 2008.	Ireland	CT without cover crop had lower nitrate concentrations in the first season and was not different from NT in the second season	No difference
Kaiser et al. (2010)KAISER, D. R.; REINERT, D. J.; REICHERT, J. M.; STRECK, C. A.; PELLEGRINI, A. Nitrate and ammonium in soil solution in tobacco management systems. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 34, n. 2, p. 379-387, 2010.	Brazil	NT and CT had no significant differences in the nitrate concentration of the soil solution	No difference
Follador et al. (2011)FOLLADOR, M.; LEIP, A.; ORLANDINI, L. Assessing the impact of cross compliance measures on nitrogen fluxes from European farmlands with DNDC-EUROPE. Environmental Pollution, v. 159, n. 11, p. 3233-3242, 2011.	Europe	Fertilizer/manure application during the cold and wet seasons (CT) led to an increase of N leaching	NT < CT
Amon-Armah et al. (2013)AMON-ARMAH, F.; YIRIDOE, E. K.; AHMAD, N. H. M.; HEBB, D.; JAMIESON, R.; BURTON, D.; MADANI, A. Effect of nutrient management planning on crop yield, nitrate leaching and sediment loading in Thomas Brook watershed. Environmental Management, v. 52, n. 5, p. 1177-1191, 2013.	Canada	Tillage did not have a significant effect on crop yield and nitrate leaching	No difference
Bécel et al. (2015)BÉCEL, C.; MUNIER-JOLAIN, N. M.; NICOLARDOT, B. Assessing nitrate leaching in cropping systems based on integrated weed management using the STICS soil-crop model. European Journal of Agronomy, v. 62, n. 1, p. 46-54, 2015.	France	The total amount of nitrate leaching was lowest in the cropping system using no herbicide and NT	NT < CT
Huang et al. (2015)HUANG, M.; LIANG, T.; WANG, L.; ZHOU, C. No-tillage and fertilization management on crop yields and nitrate leaching in north China plain. Ecology and Evolution, v. 5, n. 6, p. 1143-1155, 2015.	China	CT with straw minimized nitrate leaching	NT > CT
Meisinger et al. (2015)MEISINGER, J. J.; PALMER, R. E.; TIMLIN, D. J. Effects of tillage practices on drainage and nitrate leaching from winter wheat in the northern Atlantic coastal-plain USA. Soil & Tillage Research, v. 151, n. 1, p. 18-27, 2015.	USA	NT can increase nitrate leaching during seasons with excessive rainfall	NT > CT
Yagioka et al. (2015)YAGIOKA, A.; KOMATSUZAKI, M.; KANEKO, N.; UENO, H. Effect of no-tillage with weed cover mulching versus conventional tillage on global warming potential and nitrate leaching. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, v. 200, n. 1, p. 42-53, 2015.	Japan	Nitrate leaching was lower in NT than in CT	NT < CT
Jokela & Nair (2016)JOKELA, D.; NAIR, A. Effects of reduced tillage and fertilizer application method on plant growth, yield, and soil health in organic bell pepper production. Soil & Tillage Research, v. 163, n. 1, p. 243-254, 2016.	USA	Soil and water quality benefits associated with NT, especially nitrate leaching, were not consistently seen in this study	No difference
Celik et al. (2017)CELIK, I.; GÜNAL, H.; ACAR, M.; GÖK, M.; BEREKET BARUT, Z.; PAMIRALAN, H. Long-term tillage and residue management effect on soil compaction and nitrate leaching in a Typic Haploxerert soil. International Journal of Plant Production, v. 11, n. 1, p. 131-150, 2017.	Turkey	NT could significantly reduce nitrate leaching	NT < CT
Pisani et al. (2017)PISANI, O.; STRICKLAND, T. C.; HUBBARD, R. K.; BOSCH, D. D.; COFFIN, A. W.; ENDALE, D. M.; POTTER, T. L. Soil nitrogen dynamics and leaching under conservation tillage in the Atlantic coastal plain, Georgia, United States. Journal of Soil & Water Conservation, v. 72, n. 5, p. 519-529, 2017.	USA	Nitrate leaching was not different between NT and CT with winter cover crops	No difference
Laine et al. (2018)LAINE, M.; RÜTTING, T.; ALAKUKKU, L.; PALOJÄRVI, A.; STRÖMMER, R. Process rates of nitrogen cycle in uppermost topsoil after harvesting in no-tilled and ploughed agricultural clay soil. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, v. 110, n. 1, p. 39-49, 2018.	Finland	NT has the potential to decrease nitrate leaching	NT < CT
Jabro et al. (2019)JABRO, J. D.; IVERSEN, W. M.; STEVENS, W. B.; SAINJU, U. M.; ALLEN, B. L. Tillage effects on drainage fluxes and nitrate leaching through unsaturated zone under irrigated corn-soybean rotation. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, v. 35, n. 3, p. 293-300, 2019.	USA	CT and NT had no significant difference in nitrate leaching, probably because of the high spatial variability	No difference
Zhang et al. (2020)ZHANG, Y.; XIE, D.; NI, J.; ZENG, X. Conservation tillage practices reduce nitrogen losses in the sloping upland of the Three Gorges reservoir area: no-till is better than mulch-till. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, v. 300, n. 1, p. 3-7, 2020.	China	NT treatments had significantly lower nitrate leaching than CT	NT < CT
Colombani et al. (2020)COLOMBANI, N.; MASTROCICCO, M.; VINCENZI, F.; CASTALDELLI, G. Modeling soil nitrate accumulation and leaching in conventional and conservation agriculture cropping systems. Water, v. 12, e1571, 2020.	Italy	NT with compost and mineral fertilization can diminish nitrate leaching when compared to CT	NT < CT
Spiess et al. (2020)SPIESS, E.; HUMPHRYS, C.; RICHNER, W.; SCHNEIDER, M. K.; PIEPHO, H.; CHERVET, A.; PRASUHN, V. Does no-tillage decrease nitrate leaching compared to ploughing under a long-term crop rotation in Switzerland? Soil and Tillage Research, v. 199, e104590, 2020.	Switzerland	NT showed lower leaching rates than CT	NT < CT
Hess et al. (2020)HESS, L. J. T.; HINCKLEY, E. S.; ROBERTSON, G. P.; MATSON, P. A. Rainfall intensification increases nitrate leaching from tilled but not no-till cropping systems in the U. S. midwest. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 290, e106747, 2020.	USA	Rainfall intensification increases nitrate leaching from CT but not NT	NT < CT
Dai et al. (2021)DAI, Z.; HU, J.; FAN, J.; FU, W.; WANG, H.; HAO, M. No-tillage with mulching improves maize yield in dryland farming through regulating soil temperature, water and nitrate-N. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 309, e107288, 2021.	China	NT reduced nitrate leaching	NT < CT
Yuan et al. (2022)YUAN, L.; LIU, Y.; HE, H.; ZHU, T.; CHEN, X.; ZHANG, X.; LIANG, C.; XIE, H.; ZHANG, J.; MÜLLER, C.; ZHAO, X.; YAN, X.; LU, C. Effects of long-term no-tillage and maize straw mulching on gross nitrogen transformations in Mollisols of northeast China. Geoderma, v. 428, e116194, 2022.	China	NT with 100 % straw reduced nitrate leaching when compared to CT	NT < CT
O’Brien et al. (2022)O’BRIEN, P. L.; EMMETT, B. D.; MALONE, R. W.; NUNES, M. R.; KOVAR, J. L.; KASPAR, T. C.; MOORMAN, T. B.; JAYNES, D. B.; PARKIN, T. B. Nitrate losses and nitrous oxide emissions under contrasting tillage and cover crop management. Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 51, n. 4, p. 683-695, 2022.	USA	NT with rye as a cover crop reduced the nitrate concentration and, consequently, the leaching loss	NT < CT

Escola de Agronomia/UFG Caixa Postal 131 - Campus II, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO / Brasil, 55 62 3521-1552 - Goiânia - GO - Brazil
E-mail: revistapat.agro@ufg.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[TFN1] ¹
Including no-tillage systems, conservation agriculture and minimum and reduced tillage;

[TFN2] ²
except Brazil;

[TFN3] ³
approximate numbers.