Nutritional value of elephant grass genotypes

The objective of this work was to assess the nutritive value of four elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes. The chemical composition, intake by sheep, and digestibility of different genotypes (G1, G2, G3, and G4) were evaluated. A dry matter (DM) digestibility assay was performed with total leftovers and feces collected from 20 sheep kept in metabolic cages. G3 had lower DM intake in grams per animal per day compared with G1 and G2, and it had greater digestibility, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber values. G1, G2, and G4 have the best nutritive values among the evaluated genotypes.

Index terms:
Pennisetum purpureum; digestibility; intake; ruminant

Authorship

Paulo Henrique de Souza

Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, no 2501, Terra Firme, CEP 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil. E-mail: phszootecnista@msn.com, cfaturi@ig.com.br, luiz.rodrigues@ufra.edu.br, silva.filho@ufra.edu.br, anibalcr@gmail.comUniversidade Federal Rural da AmazôniaBrazilBelém, PA, BrazilUniversidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, no 2501, Terra Firme, CEP 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil. E-mail: phszootecnista@msn.com, cfaturi@ig.com.br, luiz.rodrigues@ufra.edu.br, silva.filho@ufra.edu.br, anibalcr@gmail.com

Cristian Faturi

Luiz Fernando de Souza Rodrigues

Ednaldo da Silva Filho

Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo

José Adérito Rodrigues Filho

Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Travessa Dr. Enéas Pinheiro, s/no, Caixa Postal 48, Marco, CEP 66095-903, Belém, PA, Brazil. E-mail: jose.rodrigues-filho@embrapa.brEmbrapa Amazônia OrientalBrazilBelém, PA, BrazilEmbrapa Amazônia Oriental, Travessa Dr. Enéas Pinheiro, s/no, Caixa Postal 48, Marco, CEP 66095-903, Belém, PA, Brazil. E-mail: jose.rodrigues-filho@embrapa.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Tables

Tables (2)

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Table 1.
Morphological characteristics and chemical composition of different elephant grass genotypes (Pennisetum purpureum) at approximately 55 days of age.

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Table 2.
Nutrient intake in g per animal per day, % body weight (%BW) and average digestibility values according to the four elephant grass genotypes (Pennisetum purpureum) in sheep_⁽¹ ⁾.

Table 1. Morphological characteristics and chemical composition of different elephant grass genotypes (Pennisetum purpureum) at approximately 55 days of age.

Variable_⁽¹⁾	Genotype
Variable_⁽¹⁾	G1	G2	G3	G4
Leaf (% of whole plant)	42.33	39.10	29.50	45.80
Culm (% of whole plant)	49.34	48.06	40.83	53.60
Dead matter (% of whole plant)	8.33	12.84	29.67	0.60
Leaf:culm ratio	0.86	0.81	0.72	0.86
Height (cm)	151	159	141	120
Dry matter (DM, % of FM)	16.72	15.41	14.34	11.77
OM (% of DM)	90.86	94.74	94.87	94.98
CP (% of DM)	8.85	8.53	11.52	11.86
EE (% of DM)	1.79	1.58	1.66	2.04
NDF (% of DM)	75.01	73.65	76.15	70.17
ADF (% of DM)	44.58	43.30	44.43	40.81
NFC (% of DM)	11.11	15.43	11.27	14.35
INND (% of DM)	1.40	1.36	1.65	1.84
INAD (% of DM)	0.34	0.32	0.33	0.39
LIGNIN (% of DM)	4.89	6.26	6.29	7.93

⁽¹⁾ FM, fresh matter; DM, dry matter; OM, organic matter; CP, crude protein; EE, ether extract; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; ADF, acid detergent fiber; NFC, non-fibrous carbohydrates; INND, insoluble nitrogen in neutral detergent; INAD, insoluble nitrogen in acid detergent

Table 2. Nutrient intake in g per animal per day, % body weight (%BW) and average digestibility values according to the four elephant grass genotypes (Pennisetum purpureum) in sheep_⁽¹ ⁾.

Variable⁽²⁾	Genotype				Coefficient of variation (%)	p-value
Variable⁽²⁾	G1	G2	G3	G4	Coefficient of variation (%)	p-value
	Intake (g per animal per day)
DM	505a	504a	394b	465ab	13.77	0.0473
CP	49bc	47c	54ab	57a	9.09	0.0182
EE	11a	8b	7b	10a	13.35	0.0006
NDF	368	361	292	323	15.46	0.1105
ADF	213	209	167	186	16.36	0.1182
NFC	60b	85a	49c	67b	10.68	0.0001
	Intake (% of body weight)
DM	2.45	2.48	1.92	2.29	17.05	0.1333
CP	0.240	0.234	0.266	0.280	19.07	0.4203
EE	0.054a	0.040bc	0.038c	0.048ab	18.26	0.0256
NDF	1.78	1.78	1.42	1.59	16.42	0.1546
ADF	1.03	1.03	0.81	0.91	16.08	0.1112
NFC	0.294bc	0.422a	0.240c	0.330b	20.51	0.0038
	Digestibility (%)
DMDC	56.88b	56.92b	64.35a	58.66b	6.71	0.0276
CPDC	79.40bc	78.25c	86.77a	82.63b	3.31	0.0006
EEDC	72.82a	48.57b	72.14a	84.07a	15.08	0.0005
NDFDC	54.46b	53.69b	64.41a	55.13b	7.77	0.0045
ADFDC	25.24b	29.23b	45.83a	25.06b	25.81	0.0025
NFCDC	74.57	82.86	78.24	75.23	6.91	0.0989
DDMC	287.24a	286.87a	253.54b	272.75a	7.78	0.0459

⁽¹⁾ Means followed by different letters in same row differ by T-test at 5% probability. ⁽²⁾ DM, dry matter; CP, crude protein; EE, ether extract; NDF, neutral detergent fibers; ADF, acid detergent fibers; NFC, non-fibrous carbohydrates; DMDC, dry matter digestibility coefficient; CPDC crude protein digestibility coefficient; EEDC, ether extract digestibility coefficient; NDFDC, neutral detergent fiber digestibility coefficient; ADFDC, acid detergent fiber digestibility coefficient; NFCDC, non-fibrous carbohydrate digestibility coefficient; DDMI, digestible dry matter intake.

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Nutritional value of elephant grass genotypes

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[TFN1] ⁽¹⁾ FM, fresh matter; DM, dry matter; OM, organic matter; CP, crude protein; EE, ether extract; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; ADF, acid detergent fiber; NFC, non-fibrous carbohydrates; INND, insoluble nitrogen in neutral detergent; INAD, insoluble nitrogen in acid detergent