Physicochemical properties of Colombian cape gooseberry hybrids in the selection of high-quality materials

Lagos-Burbano, Tulio Cesar; Mejía-España, Diego Fernando; Arango-Bedoya, Oscar; Villaquirán-Samboni, Zulma Yizeth; Lagos-Santander, Liz Katherine; Duarte-Alvarado, David Esteban

doi:10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2020.v55.01905

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Horticultural Science • Pesq. agropec. bras. 55 • Jan-Dec 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2020.v55.01905 copy

Physicochemical properties of Colombian cape gooseberry hybrids in the selection of high-quality materials

Propriedades físico-químicas de híbridos de physalis colombianos na seleção de materiais de alta qualidade

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract:

The objective of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of Colombian cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) hybrids and to select those with the highest fruit quality based on a selection index. A total of 36 cape gooseberry hybrids obtained from crossings between nine double haploid lines from the Tibaitatá Research Center of Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research were evaluated. The trials were conducted in a randomized complete block design, in four locations (environments), corresponding to the municipalities of Ipiales, Gualmatán, Puerres, and Pasto, in the department of Nariño, Colombia. The following variables were evaluated: cracking percentage (CP), fruit weight with calyx (FWC), juice content (JC), total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), maturity index (MI), firmness (F), ascorbic acid (AA), and respiration rate (RR). CP was affected by the environment, showing lower values in Ipiales, Gualmatán, and Puerres. The hybrid factor significantly affected all assessed variables, except RR. The selected hybrids showed higher values for TSS, MI, FWC, and AA, besides lower values for CP and RR. The 3x9 hybrid stands out for presenting averages that are high for AA (42.59 mg 100 g^-1) and MI (7.91) and low for RR (49.2 mg CO₂ kg^-1 h^-1).

Index terms:
Physalis peruviana; ascorbic acid; genetic improvement; postharvest

Embrapa Secretaria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Caixa Postal 040315, 70770-901 Brasília DF Brazil, Tel. +55 61 3448-1813, Fax +55 61 3340-5483 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: pab@embrapa.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: tclagosb@udenar.edu.co

Parental DH	Code	Hybrid	Hybrid	Hybrid	Hybrid
12U347	1	1x2	2x4	3x8	6x8
12U350	2	1x3	2x6	3x9	6x9
12U352	3	1x4	2x7	3x10	6x10
12U357	4	1x6	2x8	4x6	7x8
12U360	6	1x7	2x9	4x7	7x9
12U368	7	1x8	2x10	4x8	7x10
12U374	8	1x9	3x4	4x9	8x9
12U377	9	1x10	3x6	4x10	8x10
12U399	10	2x3	3x7	6x7	9x10

Sources of variation	DF	CP	FWC	JC	TTA	TSS	MI	F	AA	RR
Location (L)	3	179.1*	131.1*	79.2*	286.5*	35.1*	201.2*	433.4*	123.4*	1.7^ns
Replicate (L)	12	0.2^ns	2.2*	2.4*	29.1*	19.9*	25.1*	139.8*	170.5*	7.3*
Genetic material (GM)	35	9.4*	3.5*	2.3*	2.8*	4.5*	1.8*	3.8*	2.1*	1.5^ns
GMxL	105	1.6*	1.0^ns	1.1^ns	1.2^ns	0.7^ns	1.1^ns	0.8^ns	1.0^ns	1.4*
Error	420	161.1	0.5	0.3	0.02	0.3	0.4	0.4	14.0	145.4
R² (%)		79	60	54	80	52	74	86	86	44
CV (%)		63	15	18	14	5	15	18	22	26
Mean		37.7	6.6	3.9	2.0	14.8	7.4	8.2	39.7	54.1

Hybrid	FWC (g)	JC (mL)	AA (mg 100 g^-1)	F (N)	TTA (%)	TSS (°Brix)	MI
1x10	6.63	4.07	38.41	8.14	1.98	14.92	7.66*
1x2	6.81	3.98	39.58	8.57*	2.08	14.87	7.26
1x3	6.66	3.85	38.94	8.34	2.06	14.96	7.43
1x4	6.56	3.86	37.55	7.66	2.04	14.91	7.49
1x6	6.49	3.73	38.39	8.36	2.09	15.16*	7.50
1x7	6.91	4.25*	41.35*	7.96	2.03	14.57	7.26
1x8	7.03*	4.20*	39.61	8.09	2.02	14.78	7.49
1x9	6.43	3.78	39.78	8.25	1.98	14.82	7.59
2x10	6.43	3.81	37.87	8.38	2.03	14.74	7.33
2x3	6.70	3.68	38.37	8.10	2.10*	15.10*	7.33
2x4	6.22	3.56	39.20	8.26	2.04	15.01	7.56
2x6	6.67	3.88	39.68	8.21	2.05	15.12*	7.51
2x7	6.51	4.02	38.76	8.50*	2.10*	14.88	7.17
2x8	6.42	3.64	38.42	8.24	2.05	14.65	7.31
2x9	6.43	3.74	42.44*	7.79	2.03	15.04*	7.68*
3x10	6.35	3.81	41.01	7.66	1.85	14.12	7.72*
3x4	6.41	4.08	42.32*	7.76	1.83	14.27	7.93*
3x6	7.01*	4.12*	40.01	8.35	2.03	14.76	7.46
3x7	6.79	3.83	41.31*	8.38	2.01	14.29	7.31
3x8	6.66	3.99	42.00*	8.62*	2.04	14.70	7.33
3x9	6.55	3.90	42.59*	8.08	1.89	14.66	7.91*
4x10	5.90	3.46	39.26	7.75	2.00	14.88	7.54
4x6	6.16	3.47	39.20	8.22	2.01	14.68	7.42
4x7	6.18	3.63	38.28	8.24	2.05	14.53	7.21
4x8	6.15	3.66	39.14	7.82	2.04	14.68	7.29
4x9	6.13	3.63	38.50	7.69	1.94	14.86	7.79*
6x10	6.88	3.82	39.60	8.36	2.01	15.10*	7.71*
6x7	6.54	3.68	39.00	8.32	2.13*	14.68	7.02
6x8	6.65	3.94	38.24	8.52*	2.04	14.88	7.39
6x9	6.52	3.72	40.86	8.14	2.06	15.07*	7.41
7x10	6.59	3.87	40.34	8.61*	2.14*	14.68	6.93
7x8	6.94*	4.10*	37.73	8.76*	2.11*	14.33	6.88
7x9	6.64	3.66	39.89	8.42	2.11*	14.98	7.30
8x10	7.55*	4.43*	39.87	8.21	2.03	14.71	7.34
8x9	6.87	4.03	40.64	8.15	2.07	14.87	7.29
9x10	7.18*	4.19*	40.77	8.06	2.07	14.93	7.35
GA	6.60	3.86	39.69	8.19	2.03	14.78	7.42
SD	0.33	0.23	1.38	0.29	0.07	0.25	0.24
GA + SD	6.93	4.09	41.07	8.48	2.10	15.03	7.66

Hybrid	CP (%)				RR (mg CO₂ kg^-1 h^-1)
Hybrid	GU	PU	PA	IP	GU	PU	PA	IP
1x2	6.50*	20.00*	65.50	19.50	41.70*	65.78	67.92	47.63
1x3	6.50*	42.00	52.00*	14.50	62.60	59.05	67.88	58.33
1x4	15.50	24.00	58.50	9.00*	61.17	51.11	57.02	53.59
1x6	26.50	29.50	64.00	21.00	51.84	62.26*	50.81	51.83
1x7	17.50	68.50	65.50	51.50	60.72	52.57	53.54	61.57
1x8	16.00	34.50	62.50	22.00	49.47	61.42	58.25	53.96
1x9	15.50	48.50	51.53*	19.00	52.78	62.21	50.18	45.17*
1x10	18.00	23.00	62.00	11.50	53.92	42.27*	69.20	56.63
2x3	10.00	38.00	53.50*	20.00	54.61	44.05*	53.12	50.99
2x4	8.50*	19.00*	62.00	14.00	46.48	64.95	62.11	51.90
2x6	18.00	36.00	51.50*	14.50	56.38	38.46*	54.88	51.76
2x7	24.50	67.00	74.00	52.00	49.57	57.35	57.94	45.59*
2x8	18.00	34.00	62.50	18.00	56.08	59.28	48.28*	53.76
2x9	9.00*	36.00	64.00	18.50	45.60*	39.48*	48.46*	52.55
2x10	13.50	18.50*	63.50	17.50	51.91	52.58	59.13	64.43
3x4	23.00	17.50*	53.50*	13.00	40.77*	56.88	51.47	53.39
3x6	30.50	33.00	62.00	29.50	59.80	70.30	59.81	56.98
3x7	49.00	45.00	80.50	45.50	56.96	42.10*	52.29	44.68*
3x8	19.50	37.00	59.00	36.00	46.35	48.12	45.06*	46.29*
3x9	16.50	25.00	47.00*	25.00	40.18*	44.14*	63.68	48.79
3x10	15.00	43.00	64.00	21.00	51.28	48.98	52.25	45.83*
4x6	17.00	27.00	64.00	21.00	56.47	44.47*	50.76	49.94
4x7	34.00	47.50	74.50	38.00	63.68	57.51	58.22	46.65*
4x8	17.00	32.00	64.50	12.50	48.06	52.33	52.40	48.03
4x9	9.50	22.00	62.00	6.00*	67.98	47.68	54.78	49.45
4x10	13.00	20.50*	61.50	11.00	73.54	69.05	57.81	62.98
6x7	52.50	71.00	88.50	75.50	53.40	52.26	53.97	58.82
6x8	50.50	61.50	63.00	46.50	58.15	63.30	46.80*	38.51*
6x9	33.00	39.50	69.00	30.00	52.51	53.29	68.44	61.19
6x10	20.00	29.50	63.00	33.50	49.53	58.94	74.27	50.29
7x8	60.00	68.50	68.00	54.50	64.09	45.48	53.30	55.07
7x9	49.50	67.50	85.00	52.50	57.27	50.52	70.22	52.57
7x10	30.00	57.50	70.00	33.00	52.30	51.81	44.79*	57.17
8x9	23.00	26.00	66.00	34.50	37.54*	48.84	49.70	60.79
8x10	27.50	21.50	60.13	21.50	57.65	53.01	51.07	53.77
9x10	16.50	20.50*	40.33*	11.50	47.45	59.54	55.07	56.81
GA	23.06	37.53	63.28	27.06	53.60	53.65	56.25	52.71
SD	13.87	16.56	9.58	16.06	7.88	8.31	7.51	5.86
GA - SD	9.18	20.96	53.69	11.00	45.72	45.34	48.74	46.86

Hybrid	Maturity index	TSS (°Brix)	FWC (g)	Juice content (mL)	Firmness (N)	Ascorbic acid (mg 100 g^-1)	CP (%)	RR (mg CO₂ kg^-1 h^-1)	SI
9x10	7.35	14.93	7.18*	4.19*	8.06	40.77	22.21*	54.72	1.6
3x9	7.91*	14.66	6.55	3.90	8.08	42.59*	28.38	49.20*	1.5
8x10	7.34	14.71	7.55*	4.43*	8.21	39.87	32.66	53.87	1.5
6x10	7.71*	15.10*	6.88	3.82	8.36	39.60	36.50	58.26	1.2
2x6	7.51	15.12*	6.67	3.88	8.21	39.68	30.00	50.37	1.1
MSF	7.57	14.91	6.97	4.04	8.18	40.50	29.95	53.28
MNS	7.40	14.76	6.54	3.83	8.19	39.56	38.98	54.18
GA	7.42	14.78	6.60	3.86	8.19	39.69	37.73	54.05
SD	0.24	0.25	0.33	0.23	0.29	1.38	12.44	4.29
DNS	0.17	0.14	0.43	0.21	-0.01	0.94	-9.00	-0.89
DG	0.15	0.12	0.37	0.18	-0.01	0.81	-7.78	-0.77