This article analyses the building of governmental transparency of public accounts in recent Brazil, based on the theoretical framework of democratic accountability. The historical reference of this study is the set of transformations brought by Fiscal Responsibility Law in the broader context of State Reform, associated to the processes of democratization and economic globalization. The data were collected in official documents, interviews, in electronic sites of subnational governments, of the Accounting Courts, and in the so-called Portal of Transparency of the Federal government