The paper occurs circumscribed in the areas of Biological, Engineering, Exactas and Geosciences and Health. It approaches the influence of the Post-Doctorate Training about the production of professors in graduate studies of the University of São Paulo. The post-doctorate stage is an extra item (optional) in academic career, with vision that highly qualified professor, with the doctor's degree, it would need of actualization and contact with mainstream of the science to increment of knowledge and advance of the Science and Technology - S&T, the study analysis the measure of the variations of the professors productivity in relation the realization of post-doctorate training or of sabbatical stay, in contrast with the conclusion of the doctor's degree - in Brazil or abroad - and uses the Lattes System, whither the construction of an index allowed objective research on an emblematic question un the context of the realization of post-doctorate stage: Occur significant differences in performance and productivity for the researchers with the doctor's degree in Brazil in relation to the doctor's degree abroad? Opposing the commonplace, the results indicate that the index of productivity in research in professors with doctor's degree and post-doctorate stage - both abroad - practically occurs alike that the variation of the production the researchers with doctor's degree in Brazil. The good index reached for the researches with doctor's degree abroad following the direction to aiming that the postdoctorate training abroad continues valid, with evidences of that "worth it" the return of the researcher to exterior to deepen contact among groups with development of joint projects.