Description of a new species of miniature catfish of the genus <i>Ammoglanis</i> (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from rio Tapajós basin, Brazil

A new species of Ammoglanis is described from the rio Aruri Grande, rio Jamanxim drainage, a right bank tributary to the middle rio Tapajós, Pará State, Brazil. The new species is identified and defined through morphological characters such as color pattern, consisting of eight or nine transverse dark bars regularly spaced along the dorsum; skeletal morphology; numbers of premaxillary teeth, vertebrae, and dorsal- and pectoral-fin rays; presence of cranial fontanel and two small, finger-like papillae on chin anterior to the gular apex. The new species probably is an additional example of endemism in the rio Tapajós basin.

Keywords:
Biodiversity; Freshwater fishes; Sarcoglanidinae; Taxonomy

Authorship

André L. Colares Canto

Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, 68040-255 Santarém, PA, Brazil. (ALCC) cantoandre@gmail.com; (corresponding author), (FRVR) fraynner@yahoo.com.br.Universidade Federal do Oeste do ParáBrazilSantarém, PA, BrazilInstituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, 68040-255 Santarém, PA, Brazil. (ALCC) cantoandre@gmail.com; (corresponding author), (FRVR) fraynner@yahoo.com.br.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4184-6582

Alexandre P. Hercos

Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Estrada do Bexiga, 2584, 69553-225 Tefé, AM, Brazil. (APH) alexandre.hercos@mamiraua.org.br.Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável MamirauáBrazilTefé, AM, BrazilInstituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Estrada do Bexiga, 2584, 69553-225 Tefé, AM, Brazil. (APH) alexandre.hercos@mamiraua.org.br.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6287-5246

Frank Raynner V. Ribeiro

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-676X

Edited-by

Gloria Arratia

Correspondence

Frank Raynner V. Ribeiro fraynner@yahoo.com.br

Author's Contribution

André L. Colares Canto: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Alexandre P. Hercos: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Frank Raynner V. Ribeiro: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Competing Interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethical Statement

Not applicable.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (6)
Tables (2)

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FIGURE 1 |
Ammoglanis nheengatu in lateral and dorsal views, holotype, INPA 59653, 14.8 mm SL, igarapé Branco, tributary to rio Aruri Grande, rio Jamanxim drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Pará State, Brazil.

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FIGURE 2 |
Neurocranium of Ammoglanis nheengatu, paratype, UFOPA–I 1357, 15.2 mm SL, in dorsal view.

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FIGURE 3 |
Left suspensorium of Ammoglanis nheengatu, paratype, UFOPA–I 1357, 15.2 mm SL, in lateral view.

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FIGURE 4 |
Live specimen of Ammoglanis nheengatu, paratype, UFOPA–I 1357, 16 mm SL.

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FIGURE 5 |
Map indicating the known distribution of Ammoglanis nheengatu in the igarapé Branco, tributary to rio Aruri Grande, rio Jamanxim drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Pará State, Brazil. Delimitation of the Jamanxim National Park in light green.

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FIGURE 6 |
Type-locality of Ammoglanis nheengatu, igarapé Branco, tributary to rio Aruri Grande, rio Jamanxim drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Itaituba municipality, Pará State, Brazil.

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TABLE 1 |
Morphometric data of holotype and 18 paratypes of Ammoglanis nheengatu. Range includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation.

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TABLE 2 |
Some diagnostic characteristics to Ammoglanis species.

FIGURE 1 | Ammoglanis nheengatu in lateral and dorsal views, holotype, INPA 59653, 14.8 mm SL, igarapé Branco, tributary to rio Aruri Grande, rio Jamanxim drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Pará State, Brazil.

FIGURE 2 | Neurocranium of Ammoglanis nheengatu, paratype, UFOPA–I 1357, 15.2 mm SL, in dorsal view.

FIGURE 3 | Left suspensorium of Ammoglanis nheengatu, paratype, UFOPA–I 1357, 15.2 mm SL, in lateral view.

FIGURE 4 | Live specimen of Ammoglanis nheengatu, paratype, UFOPA–I 1357, 16 mm SL.

FIGURE 5 | Map indicating the known distribution of Ammoglanis nheengatu in the igarapé Branco, tributary to rio Aruri Grande, rio Jamanxim drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Pará State, Brazil. Delimitation of the Jamanxim National Park in light green.

FIGURE 6 | Type-locality of Ammoglanis nheengatu, igarapé Branco, tributary to rio Aruri Grande, rio Jamanxim drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Itaituba municipality, Pará State, Brazil.

TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of holotype and 18 paratypes of Ammoglanis nheengatu. Range includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation.

	Holotype	Range	Mean	SD
Standard length (mm)	14.8	10.9–16.8	14.4	–
Percent of standard length
Body depth	13.0	12.0–14.8	13.2	0.7
Caudal peduncle depth	10.1	9.5–10.8	10.1	0.4
Body width	9.4	7.7–12.2	9.5	0.9
Caudal peduncle width	3.8	2.8–4.3	3.6	0.4
Predorsal length	65.2	61.8–67.5	64.8	1.3
Preanal length	73.1	69.0–75.0	72.8	1.4
Prepelvic length	55.3	49.4–58.1	54.4	2.1
Dorsal-fin base length	7.1	7.9–10.6	8.5	0.8
Anal-fin base length	6.9	5.9–9.2	7.4	0.8
Pectoral-fin length	10.1	9.7–19.8	11.9	2.8
First pectoral-fin ray length	17.9	14.0–30.5	18.0	3.3
Pelvic-fin length	7.6	5.0–9.5	7.9	1.1
Head length	18.1	15.5–19.5	17.7	1.1
Percent of head length
Head depth	52.2	49.8–65.5	55.2	4.6
Head width	93.7	85.3–102.2	93.6	5.6
Snout length	35.4	29.6–40.0	34.6	2.4
Interorbital width	20.5	19.3–26.0	21.2	1.5
Eye diameter	11.2	8.9–13.0	11.8	1.0
Mouth width	36.2	30.3–46.1	37.3	4.9
Opercular patch length	21.3	18.9–26.8	22.2	2.0

TABLE 2 | Some diagnostic characteristics to Ammoglanis species.

Character	A. diaphanus	A. pulex	A. amapaensis	A. multidentatus	A. obliquus	A. natgeorum	A. nheengatu
Middorsal dark bars	absent	seven	absent	Absent	seven	eight	eight-nine
Premaxilla teeth	9–12	absent	08–11	10–11	3	4–6	8–10
Dentary teeth	8	absent	7–8	11–13	4	8–11	8–10
Number of dorsal-fin rays	iii,6,i	ii,6	iii,5,i	ii,6, i	ii,6	ii,4,i	ii,4,ii or ii,5,i
Number of anal-fin rays	iii,4,i	iii,5	iii,4,i	ii,4,i	ii,5	i,5,i	ii,3,i or ii,4,i
Number of pelvic-fin rays	i,4	i,2,i	i,4	i ,5	i,2,i or i,2,ii	i,4	i,2,ii or i,3,i
Number of pectoral-fin rays	i,6	i,4 or i,5	i,4	i,6 or i,7	i,5	i,4	i,5
Vertebrae	34	30 or 31	30–32	31	34 or 35	31	32
Pelvic splint	present	present	present	not avalible	absent	absent	present
Supraorbital sesamoid	present	absent or reduced	present	Present	absent	absent	present
Autopalatine posterolateral process	long	short	short	Long	short	short	short
Metapterygoid	present	absent	present	Present	absent	absent	absent
Finger-like projections	absent	present	absent	Absent	present	present	present

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Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia Neotropical Ichthyology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá., Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Phone number: +55 44-3011-4632 - Maringá - PR - Brazil
E-mail: neoichth@nupelia.uem.br

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Description of a new species of miniature catfish of the genus <i>Ammoglanis</i> (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from rio Tapajós basin, Brazil

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[1] Edited-by

Gloria Arratia