New species of <i>Rhyacoglanis</i> (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae) from rio Tocantins basin, northern Brazil

A new species of Rhyacoglanis is described from the rapids of Jatobal, Pará State, Brazil. This species differs from the congeners by fusing hypurals 3, 4, and 5 (vs. hypural 5 free). It also differs from the other species, except for Rhyacoglanis epiblepsis, by the color pattern with numerous dark spots on the body, short post-cleithral process, rounded pectoral and caudal fins, and incomplete lateral line. This species is known only from the type locality, which is currently flooded by the Tucuruí reservoir.

Keywords:
Biodiversity; Bumblebee catfish; Ostariophysi; Systematics; Taxonomy

Authorship

Oscar A. Shibatta

Museu de Zoologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil. (OAS) shibatta@uel.br (corresponding author).Universidade Estadual de LondrinaBrazilLondrina, PR, BrazilMuseu de Zoologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil. (OAS) shibatta@uel.br (corresponding author).

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2883-5934

Marcelo S. Rocha

Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Av. Djalma Batista 2470, Manaus, AM, Brazil. (MSR) marcelo.inpa@gmail.com.Universidade do Estado do AmazonasBrazilManaus, AM, BrazilUniversidade do Estado do Amazonas, Av. Djalma Batista 2470, Manaus, AM, Brazil. (MSR) marcelo.inpa@gmail.com.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0318-9377

Renildo R. de Oliveira

Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Coleção de Peixes, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil. (RRO) deoliveirarr@gmail.com.Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazôniaBrazilManaus, AM, BrazilCoordenação de Biodiversidade, Coleção de Peixes, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil. (RRO) deoliveirarr@gmail.com.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-0833

Edited-by

Marcelo Britto

Correspondence

Oscar A. Shibatta shibatta@uel.br

Author's Contribution

Oscar Akio Shibatta: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Marcelo Salles Rocha: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing-original draft,

Writing-review and editing.

Renildo Ribeiro de Oliveira: Data curation, Investigation, Validation, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Competing Interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethical Statement

Not applicable.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (6)
Tables (1)

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FIGURE 1 |
Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, holotype, INPA 8060, 37.5 mm SL, rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil.

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FIGURE 2 |
Posterior cleithral process (red arrows) of A. Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, holotype, INPA 8060, 37.5 mm SL, and B. Rhyacoglanis seminiger, holotype, LIRP 12466, 74.2 mm SL.

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FIGURE 3 |
Pectoral-fin spine: A. Left, ventral view of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, paratype, INPA 7957, 33.3 mm SL, rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil, scale bar = 1 mm; and B. Right, dorsal view of Rhyacoglanis seminiger, holotype, LIRP 12466, 74.2 mm SL, scale bar = 2.0 mm (after Shibatta, Vari, 2017Shibatta OA, Vari RP. A new genus of Neotropical rheophilic catfishes, with four new species (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae). Neotrop Ichthyol. 2017; 15(2):e160132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2016013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2016... ).

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FIGURE 4 |
Epidermal structures of the dorsal region of the head of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, paratype, MZUEL 20873, 38.3 mm SL, rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil. Scale bar = 1 mm. Abbreviations: i1 to 6 = pores one to six of the infraorbital canal of laterosensory system; s1 to 8 = pores one to eight of the supraorbital canal; pm10 and 11 = pores 10 and 11 of preoperculomandibular canal; po1 and 2 = pores one and two of postotic canal.

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FIGURE 5 |
Caudal-fin skeleton of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, paratype, INPA 7957, 33.3 mm SL, rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil. H1–5 = hypurals 1 to 5. Scale bar = 1 mm.

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FIGURE 6 |
Map of Jatobal localization (red dot) in the rio Tocantins, type locality of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, currently flooded by Tucuruí reservoir, state of Pará, Brazil. Pink dots = state capitals.

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TABLE 1 |
Body proportions of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae (N = 14; INPA 8060, holotype; MZUEL 20873, 10 paratypes, and INPA 7957, 3 paratypes) from rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil. Statistics includes the holotype. Min = Minimum; Max = Maximum; SD = Standard deviation.

FIGURE 1 | Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, holotype, INPA 8060, 37.5 mm SL, rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil.

FIGURE 2 | Posterior cleithral process (red arrows) of A. Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, holotype, INPA 8060, 37.5 mm SL, and B. Rhyacoglanis seminiger, holotype, LIRP 12466, 74.2 mm SL.

FIGURE 3 | Pectoral-fin spine: A. Left, ventral view of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, paratype, INPA 7957, 33.3 mm SL, rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil, scale bar = 1 mm; and B. Right, dorsal view of Rhyacoglanis seminiger, holotype, LIRP 12466, 74.2 mm SL, scale bar = 2.0 mm (after Shibatta, Vari, 2017Shibatta OA, Vari RP. A new genus of Neotropical rheophilic catfishes, with four new species (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae). Neotrop Ichthyol. 2017; 15(2):e160132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2016013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2016... ).

FIGURE 4 | Epidermal structures of the dorsal region of the head of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, paratype, MZUEL 20873, 38.3 mm SL, rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil. Scale bar = 1 mm. Abbreviations: i1 to 6 = pores one to six of the infraorbital canal of laterosensory system; s1 to 8 = pores one to eight of the supraorbital canal; pm10 and 11 = pores 10 and 11 of preoperculomandibular canal; po1 and 2 = pores one and two of postotic canal.

FIGURE 5 | Caudal-fin skeleton of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, paratype, INPA 7957, 33.3 mm SL, rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil. H1–5 = hypurals 1 to 5. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 6 | Map of Jatobal localization (red dot) in the rio Tocantins, type locality of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae, currently flooded by Tucuruí reservoir, state of Pará, Brazil. Pink dots = state capitals.

TABLE 1 | Body proportions of Rhyacoglanis rapppydanielae (N = 14; INPA 8060, holotype; MZUEL 20873, 10 paratypes, and INPA 7957, 3 paratypes) from rio Tocantins, state of Pará, Brazil. Statistics includes the holotype. Min = Minimum; Max = Maximum; SD = Standard deviation.

	Holotype	Min–Max	Mean±SD
Standard length (mm)	37.5	25.7–38.3	31.2±3.7
Percent of standard length
Head length	29.6	27.3–31.0	28.9±1.1
Pectoral-girdle width	27.3	26.3–28.5	27.1±0.7
Predorsal distance	37.9	36.7–39.1	37.9±0.9
Dorsal-fin base length	16.5	13.1–16.9	15.4±1.3
Adipose-fin base length	20.3	16.8–21.2	19.3±1.3
Prepelvic length	49.8	48.5–53.1	51.0±1.2
Pelvic fin to anal fin distance	23.2	22.8–28.0	25.2±1.6
Anal-fin base length	11.6	9.1–11.9	10.2±0.8
Body depth	20.5	16.0–24.5	19.7±2.3
Caudal peduncle length	13.9	13.3–19.5	15.4±1.7
Caudal peduncle depth	11.2	9.3–11.2	10.3±0.5
Pectoral-fin spine length	16.1	14.1–20.1	17.3±1.7
Dorsal-fin spine length	11.2	10.4–14.0	12.3±1.2
Pelvic-fin length	18.5	16.9–20.1	18.2±1.0
Post-cleithral process length	9.4	8.0–10.1	8.9±0.6
Dorsal-fin origin to pelvic fin	25.1	22.4–28.2	25.0±1.7
Distance between pelvic fins	15.0	12.6–15.0	14.1±0.8
Distance between pelvic fin to the anus	13.6	10.2–14.3	12.3±1.2
Distance between anus to anal fin	16.0	11.9–16.5	14.3±1.3
Percent of head length
Eye diameter	10.0	10.0–13.9	12.1±1.3
Interorbital distance	29.2	29.2–36.4	32.2±2.2
Snout length	37.7	31.1–41.6	36.4±2.7
Mouth width	70.2	51.6–70.2	60.4±5.0
Head depth	45.0	30.5–47.1	36.6±4.6
Maxillary barbel length	92.2	55.6–99.4	78.1±12.9
Distance between anterior and posterior nostrils	18.3	15.3–22.7	19.5±2.2
Distance between posterior nostril to eye	9.3	4.1–11.2	8.6±1.9
Distance between posterior nostrils	17.5	15.7–23.8	19.7±2.1

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Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia Neotropical Ichthyology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá., Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Phone number: +55 44-3011-4632 - Maringá - PR - Brazil
E-mail: neoichth@nupelia.uem.br

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New species of <i>Rhyacoglanis</i> (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae) from rio Tocantins basin, northern Brazil

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[1] Edited-by

Marcelo Britto