Richness of lepidopteran species in the cerrado is high. The confirmation of this richness is based on adult records but knowledge of larvae-host plants interactions is still incipient. The main purpose of this work was to identify folivorous caterpillar species on Roupala montana Aubl. in areas of a Brazilian cerrado sensu stricto, their dietary range, and the relative age of the consumed leaves richness. Three data sets, collected from 1991 to 2004 were used in this study. All caterpillars found on the host plants in the field were collected and reared in the laboratory. Sixty-two lepidopteran species from 22 families were recorded; they were found feeding on new (8%) and mature (92%) leaves of R. montana. Cerconota sciaphilina (Zeller) (Elachistidae), two unidentified Gracillariidae species and, one species of Gelechiidae fed only on new leaves. These species showed a short life cycle, which was very syncronized with the host plant foliar phenology. Among the species feeding on mature leaves, 36 were considered polyphagous and, these showed a large variation in the use of the food resource. Twenty-six species were found only on R. montana, 58% were very rare, a character that difficults the analysis of their dietary range. The monophagous species on R. montana were: Chlamydastis platyspora (Meyrick) (Elachistidae), Stenoma cathosiota Meyrick (Elachistidae), Idalus prop. sublineata (Rothschild) (Arctiidae), and Eomichla sp. (Oecophoridae).
Chlamydastis platyspora; dietary range; Eomichla; Idalus; Stenoma cathosiota
