Manufacturing Epoxy and Polyurethane-based Artificial Stones from Waste Glass of Colorless Beverage Packaging

Barreto, Gabriela Nunes Sales; Lírio, José Lucas Decoté de Carvalho; Gomes, Maria Luiza Pessanha Menezes; Carvalho, Elaine Aparecida Santos; Lopera, Henry Alonso Colorado; Vieira, Carlos Maurício Fontes

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2023-0002

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Articles • Mat. Res. 26 (Suppl 1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2023-0002 copy

Manufacturing Epoxy and Polyurethane-based Artificial Stones from Waste Glass of Colorless Beverage Packaging

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Novel civil construction materials based on waste can be an optimal alternative for waste management, reducing its improper disposal while engaging an otherwise discarded material as a raw material in other production processes. This research’s main objective was to develop and characterize two novel artificial stones based on waste glass from bottles and aggregated with epoxy resin (ASG-EP) and polyurethane resin (ASG-PU) from castor oil, respectively, as well as the comparison of the two developed materials. Plates were manufactured with 15% of epoxy or 15% polyurethane resins and 85% of waste glass from bottles. The mixture was molded with a process of 6Hz vibration, 600mmHg of vacuum, and hot compaction at 90ºC for EP and 80ºC for PU. Results evidenced that the development of ASGs based on waste glass from bottles is technically and economically viable.

Keywords:
Artificial stone; Polymeric matrices; Waste Glass; Polyurethane Resin; Epoxy Resin

Constituent oxides	% wt
SiO₂	72.16
Na₂O	13.12
CaO	11.96
Al₂O₃	1.49
K₂O	0.45
MgO	0.24
SO₃	0.22
ZnO	0.15
Fe₂O₃	0.13
TiO₂	0.09
SrO	0.02
ZrO₂	<0.01

Mixtures	Vibrate density (g/cm³)
1	1.23 ± 0.03
2	1.25 ± 0.02
3	0.95 ± 0.02
4	1.42 ± 0.02
5	1.54 ± 0.07
6	1.45 ± 0.02
7	1.80 ± 0.01
8	1.19 ± 0.04
9	0.98± 0.04
10	1.36± 0.03

FV	GL	SQ	QM	F
Treatment	9	1,7644	0,1960	153,2445
Waste	20	0,0256	0,0013
Total	29	1,7900

Treatment	Average	Tukey test ^* * The averages followed by the same letter, in the column, do not differ from each other at 5% probability using the Tukey Test.
7	1.68	A
10	1.63	B
8	1.59	B
6	1.56	BC
5	1.51	CD
9	1.44	DE
4	1.42	E
3	1.25	F
2	1.25	F
1	1.23	F

Artificial Stone	Density (g/cm³)	Water absorption (%)	Apparent porosity (%)
ASG-PU	2.14 ± 0.01	0.88 ± 0.12	1.89 ± 0.24
ASG-EP	2.14 ± 0.01	0.74 ± 0.01	1.59 ± 0.01

	ASG-PU	ASG-EP	EP	PU
Three-point bend strength (MPa)	29.23 ± 1.29	37.61 ± 2.82	93.6±4.7	23 ± 5.3

Material	Thickness reduction (mm)
Material	500m	1000m
ASG-PU	1.63±0.01	2.87±0.14
ASG-EP	1.20±0.16	2.15±0.21

Material	Impact Resistance (J/m)
ASG-PU	15.97± 3.29
ASG-EP	12.70 ± 3.38

Si	O	Ca	Na	Al	K	Fe	Mg
46.91	33.50	10.52	7.07	0.89	0.55	0.37	0.19

Si	O	Ca	Na	Al	K	Cl
49.21	32.81	10.10	6.34	0.76	0.52	0.25

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