Infection by a flagellate of the genus Schizotrypanum has been detected in the bats Lonchoglossa ecaudata and Carollia perspicillata from Minas Geraes and Rio de Janeiro, D. F. 2) The blood trypanosome forms are characterized by its short length (15µ) and by its nucleus situated very near the anterior end of the body. 3) Morphologically the parasite is closely related, if not identical to Schizotrypanum vespertilionis (Battaglia), and it differs from Schizotrypanum cruzi Chagas, from a Schizotrypanum of Carollia perspicillata from Venezuela (= Trypanosoma phyllostomae Cartaya?) and from the Schizotrypanum of Phyllostomus hastatus. 4) Leishmania bodies have been found in sections of heart of Lonchoglossa ecaudata. 5) Xenodiagnostics performed on infected bats of both species proved negative with several species of bugs (Panstrongylus megistus, Triatoma infestans, Rhodnius prolixus). 6) A large Trypanosome similar to T. Heybergi Rodhain has been encountered in the blood of C. Perspicillata and L. Ecaudata from Rio de Janeiro, D. F. C. Perspicillata from this city also filaria. Schizogonic forms of a protozoa have been found in the kidneis of C. Perspicillata from B. Constant.