The authors presented the first three authochtonus human cases of Schistosoma mansoni infection in Itajubá, south of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. All of them, children (8 to 10 years), resident at the same quartier, that never moved out from this city. Malacological survey performed in the Itajubá streams reveals 1,995 Biomphalaria tenagophila and 94 B. peregrina, all of them negative for larval form of S. mansoni. During a meeting with community members from the health sector, the authors suggested a control program for schistosomiasis.