Twenty species of Diplotriaena Henry & Ozoux, 1909 that occur in Brazil were studied. The tasonomy of this group of nematode recovered from birds is based mainly on the shape and size of tridents and spicules. For all the species were resistered their dimentions, hosts and regional distribution, condensed in comparative tables. Comments on some of the species were made in order to provide complementary data. A key to Brazilian Diplotriaena is also given.