REVISÃO SINÓPTICA DO COMÉRCIO E PRODUÇÃO FLORESTAL E DE PRODUTOS FLORESTAIS NA ÁFRICA

Adesina, John Adekunle; Zhu, Jiangang

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Article • Mercator (Fortaleza) 21 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2022.e21005 copiar

REVISÃO SINÓPTICA DO COMÉRCIO E PRODUÇÃO FLORESTAL E DE PRODUTOS FLORESTAIS NA ÁFRICA

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

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Objetiva avaliar os produtos florestais da África, nomeadamente Produtos Florestais Madeireiros (PAMs) e Produtos Florestais Não-madeireiros (PNMs) nos dezesseis (16) países da África Ocidental. O estudo identificou uma avaliação sistemática dos produtos florestais mais comuns (produtos florestais madeireiros e não madeireiros) considerando os dados disponíveis sobre as reservas florestais nacionais dos países selecionados da África Ocidental. O estudo também revelou a necessidade de conservação da biodiversidade das reservas florestais disponíveis para ajudar a mitigar o impacto do aquecimento global visando o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 13 das Nações Unidas - Ação Climática. Isso está focado na integração da mitigação das mudanças climáticas, adaptação, redução de impacto e sinais de alerta precoce nas políticas nacionais, melhorando o planejamento florestal e a educação em gestão, conscientização e capacidade institucional na sub-região.

Palavras-chave:
Silvicultura; Gestão florestal; Produtos Florestais; Uso da terra; África Ocidental

No	Country	Total Surface Area (Ha)	Natural Forest	Forest issues
1	The Federal Republic of Nigeria	91,077 ha	12, 824 ha	Deforestation, desertification, Second largest swamp forest on the Continent (after Congolian swamp forest).
2	Islamic Republic of Mauritania	102,522 ha	293 ha	Soil erosion, desertification, scarcity of freshwater resources, forest degradation.
3	Republic of Benin	11,063 ha	2,538 ha	Rainforest destruction. In the north, it is prone to drought. Degradation of the environment protected regions' long-term viability, biodiversity is abundant.
4	Burkina Faso	27,360 ha	7,023 ha	Deforestation due to agricultural . Expansion, loss of natural habitats
5	Republic of Cabo Verde	433 ha	85 ha	Continuous soil erosion, desertification in some parts of the island, government effort on afforestation.
6	Republic of Côte d’Ivoire	31,800 ha	6,933 ha	Habitat destruction, soil degradation, and the largest global intact natural forest land area
7	Republic of Ghana	22,754 ha	6,259 ha	Deforestation due to farming, urbanization, and mining activities.
8	Republic of Guinea	24,572 ha	6,904 ha	Deforestation due to farming, urbanization, and mining activities.
9	Republic of Guinea-Bissau	3.612 ha	2,186 ha	Deforestation due to farming, urbanization, and mining activities.
10	Republic of Liberia	11.137 ha	3,363 ha	Has the largest forest reserve in West Africa, with high deforestation, poaching and mining activities. Bush burning due to farm activities.
11	Republic of Mali	122,019 ha	13,172 ha	Deforestation due to farming, urbanization, and mining activities.
12	Republic of Niger	126,670 ha	1,256 ha	Desertification, Land degradation, afforestation of agricultural land.
13	Republic of Senegal	19,252 ha	5,942 ha	Large forest areas, High Deforestation, and continuous Desertification.
14	Republic of Sierra Leone	7,162 ha	1,049 ha	Large forest areas, High Deforestation, and continuous Desertification.
15	Republic of The Gambia	1,290 ha	479 ha	Desertification, Land degradation, afforestation of agricultural land.
16	Togolese Republic	5,439 ha	472 ha	High rate of human farm activities, Desertification, soil degradation, afforestation of agricultural land.
	Total	733,359 ha	83,369 ha

Timber and Wood Products	Production Capacity	Producers	Largest producer
Wood Raw Material	****	Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Senegal, Guinea, Cameroon	Nigeria- Country holds a species with a range size > 12, 000ha
Sawn Softwood	*	Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria, Ghana, Liberia	Côte d’Ivoire- Country holds a species with a range size >6,000ha
Sawn Hardwood	****	Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Senegal, Guinea	All
Wood-based Panels	****	Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Liberia	All
Paper, Paperboard, and Wood Pulp	****	Mali, Ghana, Nigeria	Mali- Country holds a species with a range size > 13,000 ha
Rattan, Cane, and Raphia	**	All 16 WA Countries	All
Fuelwood	****	All 16 WA Countries	Nigeria
Bamboo	***	Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Liberia	All
Fibres	***	Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Senegal, Guinea	All

Plant Products
Plant Products	Production Capacity	Producers	Largest producers
Food products	****	All 16 WA Countries	All
Fodders	****	All 16 WA Countries	All
Fruits		All 16 WA Countries	All
Ornamental flowers	****	All 16 WA Countries	Nigeria
Utensils	****	All 16 WA Countries	The Gambia
Handicrafts,	****	All 16 WA Countries	Ghana
Construction materials (Thatch)	****	All 16 WA Countries	Nigeria (Northern Nigeria in particular)
Dying and tanning	***	Nigeria, Ghana	Nigeria
Perfumes, cosmetics	**	All 16 WA Countries	All
Mushroom	****	All 16 WA Countries	All
Palm Wine	****	All 16 WA Countries	Nigeria
Palm Oil	****	All 16 WA Countries	Nigeria
Medicinal plants	****	All 16 WA Countries	Ghana & Nigeria
Cola Nuts	***	All 16 WA Countries	Nigeria
Animal Products
Living animals	****	All 16 WA Countries	All
Honey	****	All 16 WA Countries	Nigeria
Beeswax	**	All 16 WA Countries	Cameroun
Bushmeat	****	All 16 WA Countries	All
Hides and Skins	****	All 16 WA Countries	All
Medicines	****	All 16 WA Countries	All
Colourants	****	All 16 WA Countries	Nigeria

Countries"	Wood forest products	Non-wood forest products (Plant products)	Non-wood forest products (Animal products)	Remarks (on the forest rating of 2,000 ha)
Federal Republic of Nigeria	****	****	****	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Mostly adequate
Islamic Republic of Mauritania	***	***	***	Wood Forest products < 2000 ha. Generally adequate
Republic of Benin	***	***	***	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Generally adequate
Burkina Faso	*	*	*	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Generally inadequate
Republic of Cabo Verde	*	*	*	Wood Forest products < 2000 ha. Generally inadequate
Republic of Côte d’Ivoire	**	**	**	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Fairly adequate
Republic of Ghana	***	***	***	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Generally adequate
Republic of Guinea	***	***	***	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Generally adequate
Republic of Guinea-Bissau	**	**	**	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Fairly adequate
Republic of Liberia	***	***	***	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Generally adequate
Republic of Mali	****	****	****	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Mostly adequate
Republic of Niger	**	**	**	Wood Forest products < 2000 ha. Fairly inadequate
Republic of Senegal	***	***	***	Wood Forest products > 2000 ha. Generally adequate
Republic of Sierra Leone	***	***	***	Wood Forest products < 2000 ha. Generally adequate
Republic of The Gambia	***	***	***	Wood Forest products < 2000 ha. Generally adequate
Togolese Republic	***	***	***	Wood Forest products < 2000 ha. Generally adequate.

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[1] (*)CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Address: College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China E-mail:johnadekunleadesina@gmail.com