Comportamento sedentário e atividade física: barreiras e facilitadores para o comportamento ativo durante a pandemia de COVID-19

Monteiro, Fernanda Castro; Plácido, Jessica; Silva, Felipe de Oliveira; Lima, Juliana Dias de; Schuch, Felipe Barreto; Ward, Philip B.; Deslandes, Andrea Camaz

Fernanda Castro Monteiro Address for correspondence: Fernanda Castro Monteiro. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Psychiatry Institute (IPUB-UFRJ). Av. Venceslau Brás, 71 – 22290-140 – Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. E-mail: fmpersonalfm@gmail.com

Conceptualization

investigation

writing original draft

data curation

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Psychiatry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7298-1002

Jessica Plácido

Data analysis

data curation

review

editing

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Psychiatry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-6672

Felipe de Oliveira Silva

Investigation

writing

review and editing

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Psychiatry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1457-0480

Juliana Dias de Lima

Writing

review

editing

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Psychiatry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-2767

Felipe Barreto Schuch

Writing

review

editing

Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5190-4515

Philip B. Ward

Writing

review

editing

School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Australia and Schizophrenia Research Unit, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5779-7722

Andrea Camaz Deslandes

Conceptualization

writing

review

editing

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Psychiatry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5941-9111

Address for correspondence: Fernanda Castro Monteiro. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Psychiatry Institute (IPUB-UFRJ). Av. Venceslau Brás, 71 – 22290-140 – Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. E-mail: fmpersonalfm@gmail.com

DECLARATION OF COMPETING INTEREST

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to report.

Total sample		1,285
Sex
	Female	73.7%
Age group
	18-26 years	17%
	27-35 years	21.1%
	36-44 years	25.8%
	45-53 years	17.5%
	54-62 years	12.0%
	63-71 years	5.6%
	72-80 years	1.0%
Marital status
	Single	38.1%
	Married	50.8%
	Divorced	9.3%
	Widowed	1.9%
Region
	Southeast	67.5%
	South	19.5%
	Northeast	11.2%
	North	0.9%
	Midwest	0.9%
Family income
	No income	0.5%
	<1 minimum wages	1.7%
	1-3 minimum wages	15%
	3-6 minimum wages	23.4%
	6-9 minimum wages	19.8%
	>9 minimum wages	39.6%
Schooling level
	Complete elementary school	0.2%
	Complete high school	4%
	Incomplete college	14.6%
	Complete college	30.5%
	Postgraduate	50.7%
Time of social isolation
	>90 days	68%
Diagnosis
	Healthy	85.7%
	Anxiety/Depression	14.3%

	Healthy (N = 1,101) Before/During	Percentage change (%)	Anxiety/Depression (N = 184) Before/During	Percentage change (%)
Facilitators
Activities at home	15%-45%	↑ 30%	12.5%-42.5%	↑ 30%
Space at home for physical activity practice	19.5%-47.5%	↑ 28%	22.5%-48%	↑ 25.5%
Equipment at home for physical activity practice	25%-49%	↑ 24%	31.5%-54%	↑ 22.5%
Physical activity without professionally guided	7.5%-12.5%	↑ 5%	5.5%-18%	↑ 12.5%
Family activities	14.5%-22.5%	↑ 8%	13%-13.5%	↑ 0.5%
Outdoor activities	56.5%-27%	↓ 29.5%	58%-27%	↓ 31%
Professionally-guided physical activity	67.5%-39%	↓ 28.5%	71.5%-43.5%	↓ 28%
Group activities	41%-11.5%	↓ 29.5%	33%-11%	↓ 22%
Activities with music	40%-36.5%	↓ 3.5%	46%-42%	↓ 4%
Barriers
Places to exercise are distance or inaccessible	12%-49.5%	↑ 37.5%	25%-57%	↑ 32%
Physical activity is hard work for me	8%-26.5%	↑ 18.5%	12.5%-35.5%	↑ 23%
I perceive barriers to physical activity practice	56.5%-75%	↑ 18.5%	69.5%-83.5%	↑ 14%
I have no interest in physical activity practice	5.5%-7%	↑ 1.5%	8.5%-15%	↑ 6.5%
Physical activity tires me	7%-7.5%	↑ 0.5%	19%-11%	↓ 8%
Physical activity takes too much time from family responsibilities	17%-13.5%	↓ 3.5%	10.5%-7%	↓ 3.5%
I have no convenient schedule for physical activity	30.5%-10%	↓ 20.5%	40%-12%	↓ 28%
It costs too much money to exercise	16.5%-6.5%	↓ 10%	23%-6.5%	↓ 16.5%

	Odds Ratio (OR) Anxiety/Depression Before/During	CI (95%) Before/During	Sig. (Before/During)
Facilitators
Outdoor activities	1.147-1.209	(0.831-1.582)-(0.839-1.743)	0.405-0.308
Professionally-guided physical activity	1.016-1.100	(0.711-1.452)-(0.797-1.518)	0.931-0.563
Physical activity without professionally guided	0.890-1.348	(0.446-1.776)-(0.881-2.064)	0.741-0.169
Group activities	0.637^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -0.836	(0.455-0.891)-(0.503-1.590)	0.009^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -0.491
Family activities	0.901-0.538^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval.	(0.564-1.438)-(0.343-0.845)	0.661-0.007^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval.
Activities with music	1.116-1.143	(0.808-1.542)-(0.826-1.582)	0.504-0.420
Activities at home	0.811-0.845	(0.505-1.301)-(0.612-1.166)	0.385-0.305
Space at home for physical activity practice	1.143-0.878	(0.769-1.667)-(0.636-1.214)	0.528-0.433
Equipment at home for physical activity practice	1.288-1.082	(0.912-1.819)-(0.784-1.492)	0.151-0.633
Barriers
Physical activity takes too much time from family responsibilities	0.543^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -0.467^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval.	(0.327-0.903)-(0.257-0.847)	0.019^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -0.012^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval.
Physical activity tires me	2.788^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -1.358	(1.789-4.344)-(0.803-2.296)	0.001^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -0.254
Places to exercise are distance or inaccessible	2.259^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -1.325	(1.529-3.338)-(0.963-1.822)	0.001^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -0.084
It costs too much money to exercise	1.391-0.965	(0.944-2.050)-(0.509-1.831)	0.095-0.914
I have no convenient schedule for physical activity	1.331-1.147	(0.957-1.853)-(0.699-1.882)	0.090-0.588
Physical activity is hard work for me	1.423- 1.346	(0.867-2.334)-(0.959-1.888)	0.163-0.085
I have no interest in physical activity practice	1.385-2.093^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval.	(0.771-2.489)-(1.289-3.397)	0.276-0.003^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval.
I perceive barriers to physical activity practice	1.561^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -1.557^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval.	(1.108-2.201)-(1.023-2.368)	0.011^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval. -0.039^* * Level of significance = p ≤ 0.05. Reference group: Healthy controls; Adjusted for covariates sex and age. CI: confidence interval.

[1] Address for correspondence: Fernanda Castro Monteiro. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Psychiatry Institute (IPUB-UFRJ). Av. Venceslau Brás, 71 – 22290-140 – Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. E-mail: fmpersonalfm@gmail.com

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Comportamento sedentário e atividade física: barreiras e facilitadores para o comportamento ativo durante a pandemia de COVID-19

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