Basic sanitation indicators: an application of Factorial Analysis for the municipalities of the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí River Watersheds

Abstract

The transdisciplinarity about basic sanitation and society is not always presented clearly. In view of this, numerous discussions about the interdependence between development and the environment emerge, addressing such misunderstandings for the planning processes in decision making, with the public administration as the main actor. Thus, the research aims to analyze a set of basic sanitation indicators for the municipalities encompassed by the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí River watersheds, based on the basic sanitation concept of Law n. 14.026/20. In addition, the choice of the Piracicaba, Capivari, and Jundiaí River Watersheds was due to the region being marked by specific socioeconomic and demographic structures. To this end, the method used is characterized as exploratory, with data collected in the National Sanitation Information System for the year 2019, and with the application of the Factorial Analysis. The application of Factorial Analysis made it possible to verify the correlation of the variables that make up the dimensions of basic sanitation in the municipalities served by the Piracicaba, Capivari, and Jundiaí River Watersheds. The results reveal that the dimensions of coverage of water service and sanitary sewage and of availability and consumption of water are the ones that capture the largest amount of information in the sample, being responsible for the largest percentage of explanation of the total variance of the data. In addition, from the cluster analysis, it is possible to infer that all municipalities are far from ideal in terms of the dimensions of coverage of sewage collection and availability and consumption of water.

Keywords
basic sanitation; sanitation indicators; water supply; sanitary sewage; watersheds