Spirituality, Religiosity and Quality of Life of Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients in a Referral Hospital in Pernambuco

Brito, Gabriela de Paula Lopes; Barbosa, Maria Eduarda Farias; Barrêto, Vera Azevedo Bérgamo; Velloso, Bruna Almeida Andrade; Ribeiro, Rafaela Siqueira Duarte; Luna, Sophia Barreto Tenório; Barbosa, Leopoldo Nelson Fernandes; Jordán, Arturo de Pádua Walfrido

doi:10.36660/ijcs.20200218

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International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Int J Cardiovasc Sci 34 (5 Supl 1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20200218 copy

Spirituality, Religiosity and Quality of Life of Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients in a Referral Hospital in Pernambuco

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Background

Religiosity is a system of worship and doctrine that is shared by a group, and spirituality is the individual search for the meaning of life. The relationship between spirituality/religiosity (S/R) and health has a long history, and a positive correlation between spirituality and chronic diseases has been described in scientific literature, showing a decrease in morbidity and mortality in general.

Objective

To evaluate the association between S/R and the quality of life of patients with diabetes and/or systemic arterial hypertension.

Method

An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted with a sample consisting of 40 patients treated at the hypertension and diabetes outpatient clinic of a medical center in Recife. The collection used three assessment instruments (SSRS, Duke-DUREL scale, and WHOQOL-BREF). Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive (frequency and percentage) and inferential statistics (chi-square test and F test) using the R software, version 3.4.3. The level of significance in all analyses was 5%. The study was approved by CEP/IMIP, according to report no. 2.890.126.

Result

All four domains of the quality-of-life scale (WHOQOL-BREF) showed a positive relationship when correlated with the religiosity scale (DUREL), with statistical significance in the relationship between organizational religiosity and the environmental domain. When correlated with the spirituality scale (SSRS), WHOQOL-BREF also showed a positive relationship, except in the physical domain.

Conclusion

A positive relationship between quality of life and S/R was shown, thus confirming its importance for patients with diabetes and SAH.

Spirituality; Quality of Life; Hypertension; Diabetes Mellitus

Variables	N	%
Sex
Female	24	60
Male	16	40
Marital Status
Single	9	22.5
Married/Common-law Partner	22	55
Divorced	5	12.5
Widowed	4	10
Education
Illiterate	1	2.5
Incomplete Elementary School	13	32.5
Complete Elementary School	6	15
Complete High School	14	35
Higher Education	6	15
Occupation
Housekeeper	15	37.5
Retired	11	27.5
Unemployed	4	10
Others	10	25
Income
Less than 1 minimum wage	8	20
1 minimum wage	19	47.5
2-5 minimum wages	13	32.5
>5 minimum wages	0	0
Religion
Evangelical/Protestant	18	45
Catholic	16	40
No religion	3	7.5
Others	3	7.5

Question: It is important for me to spend time with private spiritual thoughts and meditation.	N (40)	N (%)
1. Strongly agree	21	52.50
2. Agree	13	32.50
3. Partly agree	2	5
4. Disagree	2	5
5. Fully disagree	2	5
Question: I try very hard to live my life according to my religious beliefs.	N (40)	N (%)
1. Strongly agree	21	52.50
2. Agree	10	25
3. Partly agree	4	10
4. Disagree	2	5
5. Fully disagree	3	7.50
Question: The prayers or spiritual thoughts that I have when I am alone are just as important to me as those that I would have during religious ceremonies or spiritual meetings.	N (40)	N (%)
1. Strongly agree	25	62.50
2. Agree	7	17.50
3. Partly agree	2	5
4. Disagree	4	10
5. Fully disagree	2	5
Question: I like to read about my spirituality and/or my religion.	N (40)	N (%)
1. Strongly agree	19	47.50
2. Agree	8	20
3. Partly agree	6	15
4. Disagree	3	7.50
5. Fully disagree	4	10
Question: Spirituality helps keep my life stable and balanced, just as my citizenship, friends, and society do.	N (40)	N (%)
1. Strongly agree	25	62.50
2. Agree	9	.22,50
3. Partly agree	4	10
4. Disagree	0	0
5. Fully disagree	2	5
Question: My whole life is based on my spirituality.	N (40)	N (%)
1. Strongly agree	21	52.50
2. Agree	6	15
3. Partly agree	6	15
4. Disagree	4	10
5. Fully disagree	3	7.50

Question: How often do you go to a church, temple, or other religious meeting?	N (40)	N (%)
1. More often than once a week	12	30
2. Once a week	12	30
3. Two to three times a month	6	15
4. A few times a year	4	10
5. Once a year or less	1	2.5
6. Never	5	12.5
Question: How often do you dedicate your time to individual religious activities, such as praying, meditating, and reading the Bible or other religious texts?	N (40)	N (%)
1. More often than once a day	13	32.5
2. Every day	20	50
3. Two to three times a month	2	5
4. Once a week	4	10
5. A few times a month	0	0
6. Rarely or never	1	2.5
Question: In my life, I feel the presence of God (or the Holy Spirit).	N (40)	N (%)
1. Absolutely true for me	31	77.5
2. It is generally true	5	12.5
3. I am not sure	3	7.5
4. It is not generally true	0	0
5. It is not true	1	2.5
Question: My whole way of living is really based on my religious beliefs.	N (40)	N (%)
1. Absolutely true for me	30	75
2. It is generally true	4	10
3. I am not sure	3	7.5
4. It is not generally true	1	2.5
5. It is not true	2	5
Question: I try very hard to live my religion in all aspects of life.	N (40)	N (%)
1. Absolutely true for me	21	52.5
2. It is generally true	11	27.5
3. I am not sure	4	10
4. It is not generally true	1	2.5
5. It is not true	3	7.5

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