ABSTRACT
The order Phallales harbors gasteroid fungi known as stinkhorns, false-truffles, witches’cages and bridal veils, and is mainly characterized by the fetid smelling basidiome, insect-associated dispersal mechanism, and mucilaginous gleba. The order has been well studied in Brazil, with greater occurrence in the southern and northeastern regions of the country. The state of Bahia has only records of the species Abrachium floriforme and Lysurus sphaerocephalum. The objective of this study is to present new occurrences of Phallales for the State. The species were collected in the Bahia State, in the municipalities of Elísio Medrado, Mucugê, Salvador and Uruçuca. One herborized specimen from Lençóis was included in the analyses. Seven species were identified: Abrachium floriforme, Itajahya galericulata, Mutinus caninus, M. elegans, M. verrucosus, Phallus denigricans and P. merulinus. All represent new occurrences for the State of Bahia, except A. floriforme. Descriptions, identification key, notes and photos of the species are provided.
Keywords:
Brazilian Northeast; Clathraceae; Gasteroids; Phallaceae; Taxonomy
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Figure 2. Phalloid and floweroid specimens found in Bahia State, Brazil. Abrachium floriforme (Baseia & Calonge) Baseia & T.S. Cabral. a. Detail of the receptacle (scale = 5 mm). b. Detail of basidiome profile (scale = 10 mm). Itajahya galericulata Möller. c. Expanded basidiome (scale = 20 mm). d. Detail of the calyptra (scale = 10 mm). e. Longitudinal section of an immature basidiome (scale = 5 mm). Mutinus caninus (Huds.) Fr. f. Expanded basidiome (scale = 20 mm). g. Detail of the fertile portion (scale = 10 mm). h. detail of the volva (10 mm). Photos by Mateus Ribeiro e Bianca Silva.
Figure 3. Phalloid specimens found in Bahia State, Brazil. Mutinus elegans (Mont.) E. Fisch. a. Expanded basidiome (scale = 10 mm). b. Detail of the fertile portion (scale = 5 mm). c. Detail of the pseudostipe (scale = 5 mm). Mutinus verrucosus T.S. Cabral, B.D.B. Silva, K. Hosaka, M.P. Martín & Baseia. d. Expanded basidiome (scale = 10 mm). e. Detail of the fertile portion (scale = 10 mm). f. Detail of the fertile portion showing the apical pore (scale = 10 mm). Phallus denigricans T.S. Cabral, B.D.B. Silva & Baseia. g. Expanded basidiome (scale = 20 mm). Phallus merulinus (Berk.) Cooke. h. Expanded basidiome (scale = 20 mm). i. Detail of the merulinoid receptacle with some specimens of Drosophilidae Rondani 1856 (scale = 10 mm). j. Immature basidiome developing on dead wood (scale = 10 mm). Photos by Mateus Ribeiro and Bianca Silva (10-15, 17-19); Blandina Viana (16).