ABSTRACT
A taxonomic study of the representatives of the Apocynoid grade (Apocynaceae) in Eastern Northeast Brazil is presented, and includes an identification key, morphological descriptions, comments, illustrations, photos, and a table. The study area includes the States of Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco and Alagoas. The botanical material was collected, prepared, and deposited at the UFP herbarium. The collections of regional herbaria were analyzed. A total of 28 species were recorded belonging to seven genera, being Mandevilla (nine spp.), Prestonia (six spp.), Forsteronia (five spp.), Macropharynx, Odontadenia, Secondatia e Temnadenia (two spp. each). The State with the highest number of species was Pernambuco (21 spp.) and the most species-rich phytogeographic domain was the Atlantic Forest (21 spp.). Most species are climbers and vines (27 spp.), except Mandevilla dardanoi (subshrub) and M. tenuifolia (climber or erect subshrub). Ten species had their distribution expanded in the study area. The follicles of Mandevilla catimbauensis are illustrated by the first time.
Keywords:
Atlantic Forest; Caatinga; Climbers; Gentianales; Taxonomy
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Figure 1. Species of the Apocynoid grade in Eastern Northeast Brazil. a. Forsteronia glabrescens. b. F. pubescens. c. Macropharynx macrocalyx. d. Mandevilla catimbauensis. e-f. M. dardanoi. e. Shrubby habit. f. Flower. g, t. M. hirsuta. g. Flower. t. Follicles united at the apex. h, u. M. microphylla. h. Flower. u. Capsule. i. M. moricandiana. j. M. scabra. k. M. tenuifolia. l. Odontadenia hypoglauca. m, v. O. lutea. m. Flower. v. Divergent follicles. n. Prestonia coalita. o. P. lagoensis. p. Secondatia densiflora. q. S. floribunda. r. Temnadenia odorifera. s. T. violacea. Photos: a. B. Schindler & M. Filgueiras; b, l, n, o. I.L. Moraes; c. S.A. Lima; d-k, q-v. T.S. Coutinho; l. M.E. Engels; p. L.A. Morais.
Figure 2. Species of the Apocynoid grade from Eastern Northeast Brazil. a-c. Forsteronia australis Müll.Arg. a. detail of the petiole. b. detail of the domatia. c. flower. d-e. F. glabrescens Müll.Arg. d. detail of the petiole. e. detail of the domatia. f. F. leptocarpa A. DC., inflorescence. g. F. pubescens A. DC., inflorescence. h. F. rufa Müll.Arg., detail of the domatia. i. Macropharynx macrocalyx (Müll.Arg.) J.F. Morales, M.E. Endress & Liede, flowering branch. j. M. peltate (Vell.) J.F. Morales, flower. k-m. Mandevilla catimbauensis Souza-Silva, Rapini & J.F. Morales. k. leaf. l. flower. m. follicles. n. comose seed. (a-c. L.W. Lima-Verde 3530; d-e. M. Magalhães 4803; f. A.M. Miranda 1314; g. D. Andrade-Lima 55-2407; h. E.C.O. Chagas et al. 6583; i. T.S. Coutinho et al. 61; j. J.D. García G. & F. Lucena 1227; k-m. T.S. Coutinho 150; n. C.R.S. Oliveira et al. 337).
Figure 3. Species of the Apocynoid grade from Eastern Northeast Brazil. a. Mandevilla dardanoi M.F. Sales, Kin.-Gouv. & A.O. Simões, flowering branch. b. M. leptophylla K. Schum., flowering branch. c-d. M. microphylla (Stadelm.) M.F. Sales & Kin.-Gouv. c. detail of the colleter. d. gynoecium showing ovary and nectary. e-f. M. moricandiana Woodson. e. flower. f. leaf. g. M. sellowii (Müll.Arg.) Woodson, flowering branch. h-k. M. tenuifolia (J.C. Mikan) Woodson. h. flower. i. linear leaf blade. j. elliptic leaf blade. k. lanceolate leaf blade. l. Odontadenia hypoglauca (Stadelm.) Müll.Arg., leaf blade. m. O. lutea (Vell.) Markgr., leaf blade. (a. T.S. Coutinho et al. 07; b. J. Antunes et al. 96; c-d. T.S. Coutinho et al. 11; e-f. A. Trindade 231; g. V.C. Vasconcelos s.n. [IPA32343]; h, j. T.S. Coutinho et al. 08; i. J.G. Carvalho-Sobrinho 1990; k. L.M. Nascimento 215; l. M. Andrade-Neto s.n. [EAC15818]; m. J.D. García G. 1467).
Figure 4. Species of the Apocynoid grade in Eastern Northeast Brazil. a-b. Prestonia annularis Lf.) G.Don. a. flower. b. anther. c. P. bahiensis Müll.Arg., inflorescence. d-f. P. coalita (Vell.) Woodson. d. corolla and callus. e. calyx. f. anther. g. P. lagoensis (Müll.Arg.) Woodson, corolla and callus. h-j. P. lindleyana Woodson. h. flower. i. detail of the stamens and epistaminal appendages. j. inflorescence. k-l. P. quinquangularis (Jacq.) Spreng. k. calyx. l. anther. m. Secondatia densiflora A. DC., flower. n. S. floribunda A. DC., flower. o. Temnadenia odorifera (Vell.) J.F. Morales, flower. p. T. violacea (Vell.) Miers, flower. (a-b. M. Oliveira & A.A. Grilo 666; c. E.A. César 160; d-e. L.P. Félix s.n. [EAN21782]; f. A. Lima et al. 26; g. E.O. Barros s.n. [EAC15828]; h-j. M.I.B. Loiola 2264; l-m. B. Pickel s.n. [IPA4636]; m. M. Andrade Neto s.n. [EAC15828]; n. B.M.T. Walther et al. 6586; o. T.S. Coutinho et al. 130; p. K. Andrade 88).