Focusing the production of fictional works and philosophical texts in historical perspective, the article approaches a series of aspects related to a complexed thematic universe of the intellectual disputes against the religious fanaticisn in Modern Europe. The text analyzes the advent and evolution of a topic which - is quite well-known in the work of modern writers like Montaigne and Jean Bodin - goes to the category of thematic axis in plenty of reflections of writers from the 17th and 18th centuries. About the real crusade of ideas which was the struggle against the religious fanaticism during the Classical Age and the Enlightenment, some of the critical ideas of writers like Swift, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Diderot and David Hume.
History and Literature; Religious Beliefs and Political Conceptions; Intellectuals and Power