Under the gaze of the Red Cross: Brazil and the international protection of human rights (1930-1945)

ABSTRACT:

This article aims to explain the position of Brazilian government on the theme of migration and fundamental rights of foreigners between 1930 and 1945. We analyze this matter not only considering internal and external policies, but also checking out the influence of Non-Governmental Organizations with Transnational Activities (Ongat), such as the International Red Cross (IRC), as an external element of pressure on Brazilian government. Vargas’ political project determined the selection of foreign people according to eugenic criteria, yet trying to build up the image of a country sensitive to humanitarian causes. In this sense, Brazilian participation in IRC’s forums represented both the projection on the world scene, demonstrating meritorious actions, and the embarrassment to the realization of his authoritarian and excluding political proposal, since Vargas’ government should meet obligations at the international level.

Keywords
Red Cross; Human Rights; Migrations; Ongat; International Policy; Vargas