STATE ACTIONS IN THE INHACORÁ INDIGENOUS LAND (1950-1960): EDUCATION, TERRITORY AND WORK

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the State actions in the Inhacorá Indigenous Land, RS, in the 1950s and 1960s, a period in which children from this indigenous land were taken to Itaí State Holiday Camp (Colônia Estadual de Férias de Itaí) and to Pedro Maciel Rural Boarding School (Internato Rural Pedro Maciel). We focus on educational practices, exploitation of the territory and labor, based on the analysis of the document Com os Caingangue do Inhacorá, originally published in German by Fischer (1959). We also present the Kaingang perception of these actions based on the work of Kaingang teachers and researchers Cipriano (2014), Miguel (2015) and Policena (2020). During the mentioned period, the State used the combination of schooling and work as a civilizational strategy, resulting in a drastic reduction of territory and freedom, systematic exploitation of indigenous work and significant damage to the Kaingang people's own learning processes. However, we highlight the Kaingang resistance to these violences.

Keywords:
Indigenous Boarding School; Kaingang Education and School; Pedro Maciel Boarding School; Itaí State Holiday Camp; Territory and Indigenous Work