Ribeiro, Maycon D; Testezlaf, Roberto; S Ferrarezi, Rhuanito

doi:10.1590/S0102-053620170412

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Pesquisa • Hortic. Bras. 35 (4) • Oct-Dec 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620170412 copy

Modeling operational parameters for water management of ebb-and-flow benches

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Subirrigation requires appropriate water and nutrient management based on the equipment specifications and crop cultivated in order to obtain high irrigation efficiency. Our objectives were to characterize the operation of an automated ebb-and-flow bench in theoretical and experimental conditions, determining the irrigation time inside the equipment at different water heights and water flows. The first step was to simulate the ebb-and-flow subirrigation bench performance, by estimating the application and drainage time for different water depths (1, 3 and 5 cm) and flow rates (10, 20 and 30 L/min) based on empirical equations. The second phase evaluated the ebb-and-flow subirrigation bench performance experimentally, validating the proposed simulation methodology. The third step consisted of applying equations to simulate water management parameters for the ebb-and-flow bench. The theoretical values of irrigation time ranged from 9.1 to 68.2 minutes and the experimental values ranged from 9.5 to 78.4 minutes. The combination of water flow and height controlled the contact time and height between the water and substrate and allowed the water management establishment for different cultivation conditions.

Keywords:
Greenhouse; irrigation; water management; capillarity

Vazão de adução (L/min)			Vazão de drenagem (L/min)
Teórica	Experimental	R²	Teórica	Experimental	R²
10	9,94 ^ns	0,5	13,38 a	14,61 b*	0,8283
10	10,40 ^ns	0,1741	14,81 a	17,47 b***	0,9979
10 a	9,73 b*	0,7391	16,04 a	17,13 b***	0,9986
20	19,73 ^ns	0,407	13,38 a	15,67 b*	0,8337
20 a	19,63 b***	0,9932	14,81 a	17,57 b***	0,9972
20	19,79 ^ns	0,2077	16,04 a	17,18 b**	0,9772
30 a	27,43 b***	0,9934	13,38 a	15,06 b**	0,9235
30 a	27,14 b***	0,9991	14,81 a	17,49 b***	0,9964
30 a	26,55 b**	0,8932	16,04 a	17,81 b***	0,9968
Altura da lâmina (m)			Volume aduzido (L)
Teórica	Experimental	R²	Teórico	Experimental	R²
0,010	0,010 ^ns	0,013	84,06 a	99,30 b*	0,8778
0,030 a	0,035 b***	0,9998	252,17 a	322,90 b**	0,9778
0,050 a	0,057 b***	0,996	420,28 a	501,80 b***	0,9997
0,010 a	0,011 b*	0,75	84,06 a	108,70 b**	0,9491
0,030 a	0,035 b***	0,9983	252,17 a	319,00 b***	0,9999
0,050 a	0,057 b***	0,9982	420,28 a	496,20 b***	0,9845
0,010	0,010 ^ns	0,4571	84,06 a	103,20 b**	0,9269
0,030 a	0,035 b***	0,9923	252,17 a	313,00 b***	0,9908
0,050 a	0,056 b***	0,9992	420,28 a	502,20 b***	0,9919

Q (L/min)	h (cm)	Tempo de adução (min)				Tempo de drenagem (min)
Q (L/min)	h (cm)	Teórico	Experimental*	p-valor	R²	Teórico	Experimental*	p-valor	R²
10	1	8,4 b	10,0 a	0,0040	0,8981	6,3	5,5	0,0503	0,6575
	3	25,2 b	31,1 a	0,0016	0,9354	17,0	17,0	0,6779	0,5354
	5	42,0 b	51,6 a	<0,0001	0,9942	26,2 a	26,8 b	0,0191	0,7830
20	1	4,2 b	5,5 a	0,0002	0,9755	6,3 a	6,0 b	<0,0001	1,0000
	3	12,6 b	16,3 a	<0,0001	0,9999	17,0	17,0	0,6779	0,5354
	5	21,0 b	25,1 a	<0,0001	0,9994	26,2 a	27,2 b	0,0044	0,8937
30	1	2,8 b	3,8 a	0,0004	0,9695	6,3 a	5,7 b	0,0191	0,7830
	3	8,4 b	11,5 a	<0,0001	0,9965	17,0	16,8	0,3739	0,2000
	5	14,0 b	18,9 a	0,0002	0,9773	26,2 a	26,5 b	<0,0001	1,0000

Vazão (L/min)	Altura (cm)	Diâmetros comerciais de dreno
		½” (12,7 mm)	–” (19,1 mm)	1” (25,4 mm)	1 ½” (38,1 mm)
		Tempo de permanência (min)
10	1	22,6	14,7	12,0	1 ½” (38,1 mm)	10,0
	2	43,7	28,7	23,5	19,8
	3	63,7	42,2	34,8 *	29,5
	4	82,9	55,4	45,9	39,1
	5	101,3	68,2	56,8	48,6
20	1	18,4	10,5	7,8	5,8
	2	35,3 *	20,3	15,1	11,4
	3	51,1	29,6	22,2	16,9
	4	66,1	38,6	29,1	22,3
	5	80,3	47,2	35,8	27,6
30	1	17,0	9,1	6,4	4,4
	2	32,5	17,5	12,3	8,6
	3	46,9	25,4	18,0	12,7
	4	60,4	33,0 *	23,5	16,7
	5	73,3	40,2	28,8	20,6

Associação Brasileira de Horticultura Embrapa Hortaliças, C. Postal 218, 70275-970 Brasília-DF, Tel. (61) 3385 9099, Tel. (81) 3320 6064, www.abhorticultura.com.br - Vitoria da Conquista - BA - Brazil
E-mail: associacaohorticultura@gmail.com

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[TFN1] ns = não significativo; p-valor >0,05; *p-valor <0,05; **p-valor <0,01; ***p-valor <0,0001 Médias seguidas de diferentes letras nas linhas diferem entre si pelo teste Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade {ns = not significant; p-value >0.05; *p-value <0.05; **p-value <0.01; ***p-value<0.0001; averages followed by different letters in the lines are significantly different at 5% probability by Tukey’s test}.