Aplicação de novas abordagens ágeis em disciplina de empreendedorismo e inovação da agência de inovação da Universidade de São Paulo

Reis, Diane Aparecida dos; Fleury, André Leme; Bento, Thais; Fabbri, Katia; Ortega, Luciane Meneguin; Bagnato, Vanderlei

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Sumário

Original Article • Gest. Prod. 26 (4) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-530X4122-19 copiar

Aplicação de novas abordagens ágeis em disciplina de empreendedorismo e inovação da agência de inovação da Universidade de São Paulo

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

O mercado busca novos caminhos para gerar ideias e convertê-las em produtos e serviços, movimento que fortalece o empreendedorismo. Considerando o contexto do ensino do empreendedorismo, este artigo apresenta e analisa os principais resultados obtidos com a realização da disciplina 7600001 Inovação e Empreendedorismo - ofertada pela Agência de Inovação da Universidade de São Paulo (AUSPIN) com apoio do conteúdo da plataforma Bota Pra Fazer, uma iniciativa da Endeavor e do SEBRAE Nacional. Como resultado, fortalece a discussão sobre melhores práticas para o ensino acadêmico considerando a aplicação da abordagem do empreendedorismo baseado em hipóteses, que incorpora os métodos ágeis (Design Thinking, Lean Startup e Business Model Canvas) para a experimentação de um ciclo completo de prototipação de uma startup. Verifica-se, assim, que a experiência da disciplina 7600001, optativa, de formato semipresencial e que aplica a aprendizagem orientada a projetos, mostra-se adequada para a promoção do empreendedorismo no ambiente acadêmico brasileiro, considerando a visão dos alunos envolvidos.

Palavras-chave:
Business model canvas; Design thinking; Educação empreendedora; Empreendedorismo; Lean startup; Universidade

Projec Phase	Stage	Objective
Customer Discovery	Stage 1	Understand the context of the problem performing interviews and observations with the target audience and applying the synthesis tools.
Customer Discovery	Stage 2	Elaboration of the first proposal of the business model, using the Business Model Canvas approach.
Customer Validation	Stage 3	Creation of the first Minimum Viable Product (MPV).
Customer Validation	Stage 4	Test of the MPV with the target audience and analysis of the obtained results.

Shared security app
Class	São Carlos
Objective and target audience	App that aims to make public spaces more secure. A map records events and generates statistics of hazardous locations and dangerous hours; users can ask for help (police and security) and alert facts happening in real time; the cameras installed in the locations can be accessed by the app.
Value proposal	A) Increase the population security at an affordable price; B) Alerting for hazards and allowing rapid response; C) Allowing intelligent monitoring and tracking, integrated and in real-time.
MVP	App screens, simulating its operation.
Validations made	There was no validation.

Phone charger
Class	São Carlos
Objective and target audience	Produce portable cellular chargers with a life cycle 100 times superior to the conventional batteries, starting from the transformation of waste into nanomaterials. It deals with the problem of the mobile phone lack battery users and reduces the amount of toxic solid waste produced by society.
Value proposal	A) Sustainable (absence of heavy metals in the composition of chargers, reducing toxic waste and pollution by incineration; B) Heal the problem of users lack battery; C) Rapid charging (40% charge in seven minutes); D) Light and compact design.
MVP	Product landing page about the product that the group want to develop.
Validations made	105 page access and 84 (80%) clicks on the “Buy” button.

College choice
Class	São Paulo
Objective and target audience	Electronic platform for sharing information about educational institutions, providing information such as location, costs and course characteristics. Assists the students in choosing the educational institution that they will attend.
Value proposal	A) Provide systematized information on higher education for college students; B) Provide greater security when choosing the university career; C) Establish a communication channel between universities and students.
MVP	Webpage creation for the preliminary registration of potential users.
Validations made	Two pages were created: one on the internet, with some information about the services that the platform would provide, and another on Facebook to publicize the previous one. Despite the efforts of the group, there were few accesses.

Digital Manufacturing Machine
Class	São Carlos
Objective and target audience	Assembly and sale of a digital manufacturing machine, based on the traceability and control of the displacement of the material. The equipment will act by repeating what is sent to it. Currently the technology is used in the manufacturing of drills, milling cutters and three-dimensional printers.
Value proposal	A) Customization options; B) Process speed and precision.
MVP	A computer system with three drive shafts, control and communication systems, motor controller hardware, software, displacement motors and guides for motion transmission.
Validations made	The project entrepreneurs contacted two companies and both were interested in acquiring the machine.

Alcoholic beverages
Class	São Carlos
Objective and target audience	Offer high quality and affordable microdistillates made with Brazilian botanists.
Value proposal	A) National product of high quality; B) Affordable price; C) Attractive design.
MVP	Landing page creation.
Validations made	The numbers obtained with the page spread were: 58 visits, 53 likes on Facebook and 9 subscribed to receive information of the drinks.

Tours app
Class	São Carlos
Objective and target audience	Kind of Tinder (app) for non-romantic purposes. The target audience is people who search companionship for recreation.
Value proposal	Provide company for fun quickly and safely.
MVP	Screens that simulate the app, where the compatibility between the individuals is considered in the tours scheduling.
Validations made	The screens were printed and exposed to potential users, searching interactions and suggestions, allowing the improvements development.

Travel bag
Class	São Paulo
Objective and target audience	Optimize a light backpack that fits in the airplane cabin for the purpose of dispensing large suitcases. The target audience includes travelers who do not need to carry a lot of luggage, such as young people traveling for short periods and executives or speakers who usually travel with only one handbag.
Value proposal	A versatile backpack with multiple dividers to make traveler life easier.
MVP	A web page was created to promote the product and was built the first backpack physical prototype.
Validations made	The page was shared on blogs and got good acceptance.

Education evaluation app
Class	São Carlos
Objective and target audience	Real-time classroom evaluation app. The target audience includes professors and students, with professors getting real time feedback about their classes and being able to improve them.
Value proposal	A) Provide the managerial view of education to the course coordinators; B) Promote class improvement through rapid feedback from students.
MVP	Application screen where the teacher receives student feedback.
Validations made	There was no validation.

Recycling of electronic devices
Class	São Carlos
Objective and target audience	It has the purpose of separating materials that are still useful, such as raw material for the industries.
Value proposal	A) Collect electronic devices offering benefits in return; B) Recycle electronic devices and sell the metals extracted from them; C) Reduce environmental impact.
MVP	Offer service of collecting boards, printed circuits and components separation for companies.
Validations made	There was no validation.

Water treatment
Class	São Paulo
Objective and target audience	The microenterprise will conduct water treatment, developing and implementing treatment systems in commercial and residential condominiums, and small and medium-sized industries. The entrepreneurial idea is to redesign processes and deploy technologies.
Value proposal	A) Advantages to the customers towards the local concessionaire; B) Greater independence; C) Improved water quality; D) Financial economy; E) Capacity to monitor the process.
MVP	The main product offered is a mini WTS (Water Treatment Station) installed at the obtaining and using place of water. The purpose is to provide clean and quality drinking water as an alternative source, independent of the local utility.
Validations made	Research was conducted with potential customers that suggested improvements, with the process monitoring implementation, allowing the real-time data monitoring about the water quality.

Taxonomy variable	Description
Level of technological uncertainty	It is related with the risk of concretely obtaining the technology required to execute the project.
Customer relevance considering their unattended needs	It addresses the project relevance in terms of attending the identified customers latent needs.
Capital need to start operation (no advertising)	Identifies the capital need degree to start the project operation, without considering advertising revenues.

Projects	Level of technological uncertainty	Customer relevance considering their unattended needs	Capital need to start operation (no advertising)
Shared security app	Medium	High	High
Phone charger	High	Medium	High
College choice	Low	Medium	Low
Digital Manufacturing Machine	High	Medium	Medium
Alcoholic beverages	Medium	Low	Medium
Tours app	Medium	Low	Low
Travel bag	Low	Medium	Low
Education evaluation app	Medium	Low	Low
Recycling of electronic devices	Medium	High	High
Water treatment	Medium	Medium	High

Universidade Federal de São Carlos Departamento de Engenharia de Produção , Caixa Postal 676 , 13.565-905 São Carlos SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 16 3351 8471 - São Carlos - SP - Brazil
E-mail: gp@dep.ufscar.br

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