Pressures from the context and institutional capacity building to develop industrial symbiosis networks

Paula, Eugênia Vale de; Abreu, Mônica Cavalcanti Sá de

doi:10.1590/0104-530X3831-19

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Original Article • Gest. Prod. 26 (4) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-530X3831-19 copy

Pressures from the context and institutional capacity building to develop industrial symbiosis networks

Pressões do contexto e a construção da capacidade institucional na formação de uma rede de simbiose industrial

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This research analyzes the importance of the institutional and economic context and the institutional capacity building to develop an industrial symbiosis networks through the “Programa Mineiro de Simbiose Industrial” (PMSI). The research is qualitative, exploratory and descriptive, using content analysis techniques. Interviews were conducted with managers and government actors with active PMSI participation. The institutional and economic contexts and the current knowledge, mobilization and relational capacities were identified. The results indicate that the industrial symbiosis network is not dense and there are few waste exchanges among companies. There is an effort among actors who participate in the PMSI to build knowledge, mobilization and relationship capacities. However, the institutional context is unfavorable to the development of industrial symbiosis. This study article reinforces the need to invest in eco-innovative solutions and institutional environment improvements to develop efficient natural resources and waste management, and thus allow the development of eco-industrial parks.

Keywords:
Waste management; Industrial network; Environmental management; Sustainability; Eco-industrial park; Industrial symbiosis; Industrial ecology

Characteristic	Actors	Interviewees’ position in the organization
Promoter	Federation of Industries of the State of Minas Gerais – FIEMG	Superintendent of Industrial Development Environmental Manager Environmental Analyst
Supervisor	State foundation for environmental protection – FEAM	Manager of Residuals, and Mining and Industrial Solids Waste
Expectator	membership organization formed by collectors of recyclable materials – ASMARE	Vice-President
Mobilizer	Union of fireworks companies of the state of Minas Gerais – SINDIEMG	President

Companies	Industry sector	Interviewees’ position in the company
Z	Chemical	Commercial Manager and Environmental Analyst
#2	Paint	Environmental Supervisor
X	Cosmetics	Commercial Manager
# 3	Cement	Commercial Manager
Y	Furniture	Company’s owner
# 6	Fireworks	Company’s owner
# 7	Eco-technology	Executive director

Type of interaction	How does it happen?
Guidance	FIEMG provides, with exclusivity, guidance to the companies.
Planning	FIEMG is responsible for planning regional workshops.
Feasibility study	The feasibility phase (technical, economic, or organizational) is carried out by the companies. Company unions help in the development of feasibility studies.
Implementation	Companies implement IS solutions, according to the findings of the feasibility studies.
Influencing other actors	FIEMG and the company unions try to influence other unions to integrate the PMSI.
Agreements (contracts)	There are signed formal contracts (waste buying and selling contracts) and the establishment of waste exchange informal agreements (donation).
New companies	No new company emerges from the PMSI.
Strategic vision	Actors engaged in the IS do not manage to establish strategic visions around which common interests and objectives are coordinated.
Influencing the context	PMSI has limited influence in institutional and economic contexts.

Elements	Components	Strategies
Elements	Components	Based on PMSI	Developing Eco-Industrial Parks
Context	Institutional	Coercive pressure focused on final waste disposal and weak monitoring mechanisms	Provide better coercive and normative pressures to promote industrial symbiosis
Context	Economic	Focus on reducing operational, logistics and transactional costs	Economic incentives and subsidies to develop industrial symbiosis network
Institutional capacity building	Mobilization	Restricted to a group of self-organized companies	Developing networks with effective communication channels between companies
	Relational	Short term relationships and sporadic solutions between companies	Integration of companies in networks based on trust and collaboration
	Knowledge	Dissemination of information with an emphasis on the flow of materials, water, energy, and waste	Research and development to redesign products, processes, and cycling of materials, water, and energy
Interaction between companies	Guidance	Operational and bottom up	Strategic, top down and bottom up
	Planning	Short term planning limited to workshops	Long-term planning to develop the eco-industrial park
	Feasibility study	Short-term economic benefits	Long-term economic and environmental benefits
	Influencing other actors	Identification of possibilities and synergies	Building networks and relationships of mutual trust between companies
	Agreements (contracts)	Informal and sporadic relationships, with low financial support	Formal contracts and investment in technology to change processes and products

Universidade Federal de São Carlos Departamento de Engenharia de Produção , Caixa Postal 676 , 13.565-905 São Carlos SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 16 3351 8471 - São Carlos - SP - Brazil
E-mail: gp@dep.ufscar.br

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[1] Source: Elaborated by the authors.