The Composition and Termicidal Activity of Vinegar from Medang Wood (<i>Cinnamomum sp</i>.) under Different Pyrolysis Temperature

Oramahi, Hasan Ashari; Permana, Rizka Diah; Diba, Farah; Indrayani, Yuliati

doi:10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2023-0016

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE, Forest Products Science and Technology • Floresta Ambient. 30 (3) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2023-0016 copy

The Composition and Termicidal Activity of Vinegar from Medang Wood (Cinnamomum sp.) under Different Pyrolysis Temperature

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The degradation of wood caused by termite infestations is widely recognized as a substantial concern. Therefore, the development of alternative, environmentally-friendly preservation of wood is needed to reduce environmental pollution. The study aimed to analyze the chemical properties of vinegar from medang wood (Cinnamomum sp.) and assess its effectiveness as a termicidal activity against Coptotermes curvignathus. Wood vinegar is made by the pyrolysis method. Pyrolysis is carried out by inserting of air-dried medang wood particles into a pyrolysis reactor and was heated up to the desired temperature of 370, 400, 430°C with the pyrolysis time was 180 minutes. Wood vinegars were tested at various concentrations (2.0-10.0%, v/v) against C. curvignathus in a no-choice test. Result shows that an 8% concentration was required to achieve 100% mortality against C. curvignathus at a 430°C pyrolysis temperature. The lowest mass loss of treated filter paper, 11.99%, was obtained with a 430°C - 10.0% combination.

Keywords:
Antifungal activity; Coptotermes curvignathus; medang wood; termicidal activity; wood vinegar

No	RT	Wood vinegar compound	Area (%)
1	3.96	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-	3.36
2	4.05	Ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-	4.29
3	5.13	2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-	7.60
4	5.74	Phosphonic acid, (p-hydroxyphenyl)-	16.53
5	6.07	2-Furanone, 2,5-dihydro-3,5-dimethyl	1.43
6	6.73	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-	1.98
7	8.36	Phenol, 2-methoxy-	14.35
8	11.20	Creosol	5.53
9	13.57	Phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-	2.19
10	15.57	Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-	6.63
11	15.90	Benzenemethanol, a-ethyl-4-methoxy-	1.03
12	21.91	2,4-Hexadienedioic acid	1.20

No	RT	Wood vinegar compound	Area (%)
1	3.95	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-	3.45
2	4.05	Ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-	5.35
3	4.70	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 3,4-dimethyl-	1.23
4	5.13	2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-	14.20
5	5.74	Phenol	11.23
6	5.88	Phosphonic acid, (p-hydroxyphenyl)-	2.22
7	6.00	2-Furanmethanol, 5-methyl-	2.24
8	6.95	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2,3-dimethyl-	2.40
9	8.34	Phenol, 2-methoxy-	15.94
10	11.20	Creosol	3.26
11	13.57	Phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-	1.13
12	15.60	Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-	2.33

No	RT	Wood vinegar compound	Area (%)
1	3.96	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-	2.13
2	4.05	Ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-	2.74
3	5.14	2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-	4.25
4	5.75	Phosphonic acid, (p-hydroxyphenyl)-	37.06
5	6.12	2-Furanone, 2,5-dihydro-3,5-dimethyl	1.35
6	6.72	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy-3-methy\l-	1.24
7	6.99	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2,3-dimethyl-	1.13
8	7.68	Phenol, 3-methyl-	1.12
9	8.36	Phenol, 2-methoxy-	14.70
10	11.20	Creosol	2.20
11	13.66	Phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-	1.39
12	15.57	Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-	4.45

Pyrolysis temperature (°C)	Wood vinegar concentration (%)	Termite mortality (%)	Filter paper weight loss (%)
Control	0	15.90 ± 4.78 a	80.99 ± 4.40 a
370	2	37.72 ± 5.22 b	64.73 ± 2.71 b
	4	54.54 ± 3.31 c	56.52 ± 2.39 c
	6	75.45 ± 4.32 ef	45.33 ± 4.45 d
	8	91.36 ± 3.10 g	33.34 ± 6.55 gf
	10	100 ± 0 h	21.61 ± 3.58 h
400	2	54.54 ± 2.56 c	56.45 ± 4.55 c
	4	71.81 ± 4.32 e	47.09 ± 3.41 d
	6	90.91 ± 2.57 g	41.50 ± 2.01 de
	8	99.09 ± 1.05 h	29.49 ± 5.08 g
	10	100 ± 0 h	15.29 ± 2.87 i
430	2	62.72 ± 3.48 d	57.94 ± 5.21 c
	4	79.09 ± 3.15 f	36.88 ± 4.30 ef
	6	95.90 ± 2.28 h	23.12 ± 4.72 h
	8	100 ± 0 h	14.92 ± 2.68 i
	10	100 ± 0 h	11.99 ± 1.43 i

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