Sampling Processes and Intensities for the Geostatistical Modeling of an Unevenly Aged Forest

Roveda, Marcelo; Figueiredo Filho, Afonso; Pelissari, Allan; Genú, Aline

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.060916

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Original Article, Forest Management • Floresta Ambient. 26 (1) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.060916 copy

Sampling Processes and Intensities for the Geostatistical Modeling of an Unevenly Aged Forest

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to estimate the basal area, through traditional sampling processes and geostatistical interpolation, and compare it to the forest census carried out in 25 ha of a Mixed Ombrophilous Forest remnant. The sampling simulations were structured for the systematic sampling, two stages, and simple random, in intensities 5, 11, and 22% of the potential sample units of 25 × 25 m. The increase in sample intensity for the systematic sampling and two stages revealed a higher level of spatial behavior details of the basal area, whereas when comparing the census with sampling, it was observed that the geostatistical interpolation shows ability to improve the accuracy of the basal area estimation.

Keywords:
forest census; Araucaria forest; forest inventory; kriging

	SI (%)	Grubbs Test	Asymmetry	KS test	$\bar{G}$ (m²ha^-1)	Amplitude (m²ha^-1)	Ae (m²ha^-1)	Re (%)	CI ( $\bar{G}$ m²ha^-1)
(1)	5	2.296ns	0.099	0.110ns	28.2	23.3	2.6	9.1	25.6< $\bar{x}$ <30.8
	11	2.704ns	0.568	0.104ns	29.8	37.2	2.5	8.6	27.2< $\bar{x}$ <32.3
	22	2.635ns	0.369	0.065ns	29.4	44.8	1.9	6.3	27.6< $\bar{x}$ <31.3
(2)	5	1.820 ns	0.238	0.167ns	33.0	32.3	5.0	15.0	28.0< $\bar{x}$ <38.0
	11	2.738ns	0.664	0.148ns	33.4	40.9	3.2	9.6	30.2< $\bar{x}$ <36.6
	22	2.421ns	0.116	0.097ns	30.2	43.7	2.6	8.6	27.6< $\bar{x}$ <32.8
(3)	5	1.801ns	-0.138	0.903ns	28.5	34.2	4.4	15.5	24.1< $\bar{x}$ <32.9
	11	2.783ns	0.348	0.080ns	30.1	39.3	2.4	8.1	27.7< $\bar{x}$ <32.5
	22	2.916ns	0.621	0.092ns	30.2	44.0	1.5	5.1	28.6< $\bar{x}$ <31.7

Process	SI (%)	Model	C₀	C	A (m)	DD (%)	R²	WSSD
Systematic	5	Spherical	0.64	29.72	152.6	2.1	0.827	0.0041
		Exponential	0.64	29.88	158.9	2.1	0.742	0.0049
		Gaussian	11.00	19.52	155.6	36.0	0.824	0.0040
	11	Spherical	20.98	45.73	189.6	31.5	0.982	0.0002
		Exponential	1.37	68.33	187.3	2.0	0.952	0.0007
		Gaussian	34.10	33.10	182.6	50.7	0.989	0.0001
	22	Spherical	31.64	42.28	135.6	42.8	0.887	0.0019
		Exponential	7.50	68.04	130.1	9.9	0.892	0.0018
		Gaussian	40.28	33.83	127.0	54.4	0.891	0.0018
Two-stage	5	Spherical	1.86	111.08	126.3	1.6	0.540	0.0170
		Exponential	31.03	74.72	118.2	29.3	0.682	0.0050
		Gaussian	54.85	51.81	122.3	51.4	0.663	0.0063
	11	Spherical	27.91	65.83	178.6	29.8	0.847	0.0067
		Exponential	6.35	88.88	182.6	6.7	0.808	0.0079
		Gaussian	43.13	51.97	175.3	45.4	0.871	0.0053
	22	Spherical	46.79	53.18	183.6	46.8	0.707	0.0066
		Exponential	31.95	70.77	198.6	31.1	0.662	0.0074
		Gaussian	57.21	43.67	169.3	56.7	0.723	0.0063
Random	5	Spherical	16.85	68.64	201.6	19.7	0.746	0.0191
		Exponential	1.87	86.11	206.3	2.1	0.739	0.0179
		Gaussian	31.37	57.87	206.3	35.2	0.795	0.0156
	11	Spherical	10.52	50.28	189.6	17.3	0.915	0.0026
		Exponential	1.43	59.82	188.3	2.3	0.908	0.0034
		Gaussian	21.99	39.95	185.3	35.5	0.953	0.0013
	22	Spherical	64.30	28.30	180.9	69.4	0.673	0.0041
		Exponential	49.30	44.18	165.2	52.7	0.719	0.0039
		Gaussian	68.70	23.79	151.1	74.3	0.663	0.0042

Process	SI (%)	Selected model	Coefficient		R²_vc	Syx (%)
Process	SI (%)	Selected model	Linear	Angular	R²_vc	Syx (%)
Systematic	5	Gaussian	13.568	0.509	0.030	19.7
	11	Gaussian	9.290	0.689	0.087	26.3
	22	Gaussian	9.150	0.694	0.068	28.3
Two-stage	5	Exponential	21.907	0.341	0.014	29.1
	11	Gaussian	9.370	0.732	0.139	26.2
	22	Gaussian	10.429	0.651	0.080	30.6
Random	5	Gaussian	10.492	0.633	0.056	32.1
	11	Gaussian	4.287	0.858	0.261	23.8
	22	Exponential	3.856	0.872	0.145	25.1

Census $\bar{G}$ (m²ha^-1)	Process	SI (%)	Inventary $\bar{G}$ (m²ha^-1)	E_real (%)	Geostatistics $\bar{G}$ (m²ha^-1)	E_real (%)
30.6	Systematic	5	28.2	-2.4	28.7	-1.9
		11	29.8	-0.8	29.6	-1.0
		22	29.4	-1.2	29.3	-1.3
	Two-stage	5	33.0	2.4	32.1	1.5
		11	33.4	2.8	31.7	1.1
		22	30.2	-0.4	29.5	-1.1
	Random	5	28.5	-2.1	27.5	-3.1
		11	30.1	-0.5	30.9	0.3
		22	30.2	-0.4	29.7	-0.9

Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Rodovia BR 465 Km 7, CEP 23897-000, Tel.: (21) 2682 0558 | (21) 3787-4033 - Seropédica - RJ - Brazil
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[1] Marcelo RovedaDepartamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, Avenida Pref. Lothário Meissner, CEP 80060-000, Curitiba, PR, Brasil e-mail: marcelo_roveda@hotmail.com