The Brown rot (Monilinia fructicola) causes economic losses for peach (Prunus persicae) producers in spite of sanitation and pre and post-harvest chemicals. There have been several researches on biological control as an desirable alternative for controling plant diseases. We screened putative antagonists of Monilinia fructicola and also evaluated the efficiency of fungicides and biological controls in reducing post-harvest diseases. In the laboratory, the antagonistic potential of filamentous fungi obtained from peaches from the region of Lapa, PR, was evaluated using two methods: pairing culture and diffusion of products per membrane. Two experiments were conducted after growing seasons of 1997 and 1999 that involved fungal screening in vitro, chemical controls. Each fruit was immersed in the treatments (suspension of spores) and then inoculated by spraying the pathogen. The incidence of the disease in the wounds and around them was then assessed. Several antagonists were efficient in vitro using cellophane membrane tests: isolates of Trichothecium spp. (F1, F2 and F4), Trichoderma spp. (F8 and F12), and also with the method of paring culture: isolates of Trichoderma spp. (F7, F8 and F12) and Penicillium sp (F9). In post-harvest the biological control (isolates F1 and F2) showed very good results (above 80% of control) with no statistical differences between them and the best fungicides tested (iminoctadine and azoxystrobin). The phosphite of K showed good results, above 85% of control of latent infections in both experiments.
