Implementation analysis of detention reservoirs in order to minimize the impacts caused by floods

ABSTRACT

Due to the increasing urban occupation, and subsequent sealing of the soil, there is an increase in the surface runoff, thus causing more frequent floods than those that existed when the surface was permeable. The objective of this study was to propose the use of a detention reservoir as a compensatory urban drainage technique. For this, scenarios were simulated, with and without reservoir implementation, and the hydrological results were compared with the simulated pre-urbanization scenario. The simulations were performed from the hydrological models of the HEC-HMS platform. Different conceptions of reservoirs were analyzed, and it was concluded that the reservoir with output devices installed along its height provides favorable hydrological results. Finally, the capacity of the reservoirs for return periods equal to and below 100 years was verified, in order to obtain the efficiency of the reservoirs in other periods of recurrence, whose results with the execution of reservoirs at strategic points demonstrated that such devices significantly reduce the outflows, and for the return periods of 5, 20, 50 and 100 years were respectively 182.56%, 209.63%, 233.10%, 244.61%. Therefore, the use of reservoirs can be considered positive in relation to the reduction of floods and possible financial losses.

Keywords:
urban drainage compensatory technique; hydrological modeling; flood control