ANALYSIS OF FERTIGATION EFFLUENTS FROM MINI-TOMATO GREENHOUSES AND THE NEED FOR DETECTION OF CONTROL POINTS

Cesar, Thais Q. Z.; Silva, Ariovaldo J. da; Purquerio, Luis F. V.; Santos, Agatha dos

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v43n1e20220019/2023

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Scientific Paper • Eng. agríc. 43 (1) • Nov 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v43n1e20220019/2023 copy

ANALYSIS OF FERTIGATION EFFLUENTS FROM MINI-TOMATO GREENHOUSES AND THE NEED FOR DETECTION OF CONTROL POINTS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Water supply quality, nutrient availability in irrigation solutions, and discharge water or effluents must be monitored for protected cultivation to achieve sustainable management of food production. This study aimed to evaluate whether effluent solution from mini-tomato-protected crops can be recycled in an irrigation system based on plant nutritional demands. The experiment was carried out on a farm with mini-tomato protected-cropping. Water supply, as well as nutrient and effluent solutions, were analyzed in the experiment. Water supply was within the Brazilian limits established by CONAMA, except for nitrite, phosphorus, and sulfide. The effluent solution showed significant concentrations of macro- and micronutrients, highlighting phosphorus (220 to 395 mg L^-1). The replacement of nutrient solution in the central fertigation tank, excess of elements applied in the nutrient solution, and accumulation of effluent solution in the disposal tank kept the effluent solution enriched when compared to the nutrient solution initially applied. Water quality monitoring showed that effluent solution can be reused in the irrigation system based on its physicochemical parameters and mini-tomato tomato nutritional demands. The analyses also allowed us to detect control points to achieve food production sustainability.

Solanum lycopersicum L.; chemical analysis; effluent reuse; nutrient solution; phosphorus; potential environmental pollutant

Element	Stage A		Stage B		Stage C
	Min	Max	Min	Max	Min	Max
	-------------------------------- mg L^-1 --------------------------------------
NO3-	135.0	200.0	150.0	396.0	164.0	396.0
NH4+	30.0	35.0	30.0	37.0	19.0	38.0
P	43.6	60.0	43.6	60.0	43.6	87.2
K	152.0	350.0	152.0	350.0	268.0	409.0
Ca	143.0	233.0	143.0	233.0	143.0	466.0
Mg	27.0	60.0	27.0	60.0	36.0	60.0
S	39.0	150.0	39.0	150.0	70.0	150.0
Fe	1.8	2.7	1.8	2.7	1.8	5.5

	Month 1		Month 2		Month 3		Month 4		Month 5		Month 6		Month 7		Month 8		Month 9		Month 10		Month 11
	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2	P1	P2
pH	6.7	8.7	6.7	8.9	6.2	8.7	5.8 *	8.6	5.4 *	8.6	6.2	8.7	8.9	8.6	7.6	9.2 *	6.8	8.7	7.1	8.6	6.8	8.5
C (PTCo)	48	<LD	41	<LD	38	5	29	<LD	23	10	<LD	22	15	<LD	26	<LD	24	1	58	2	25	<LD
T (NTU)	3.25	0.20	0.35	0.44	6.90	0.26	2.77	0.24	1.02	0.02	2.00	0.20	2.50	0.21	4.65	4.60	3.67	0.18	5.00	3.50	4.80	0.25
DO (mg L^-1)	8.11	7.69	6.63	6.96	7.82	6.92	6.49	6.32	8.06	6.80	7.60	6.60	9.55	6.83	8.50	8.07	6.62	6.68	28.00	15.00	7.26	6.47
TS (mg L^-1)	96	231	88	209	232	120	313	75	37	50	150	147	62	111	54	157	107	277	153	134	125	169
NO3- (mg L^-1)	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	0.5	<LD	0.01	0.6	0.6	0.1	<LD	<LD	1	0.7	0.6	0.2
NH4+ (mg L^-1)	0.56	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	0.28	<LD	0.30	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	1.4	<LD	0.2	<LD
SO4 (mg L^-1)	0	1.0	<LD	2.1	0	2.0	<LD	1.18	1.5	2.8	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	<LD	3.0	<LD	2.0	1.0	1.0	<LD	<LD
Cl (mg L^-1)	<LD	<LD	<LD	0.02*	0.01	0.04*	<LD	<LD	0.03*	0.09*	<LD	<LD	0.07*	0.01	0.02*	<LD	0.01	0.03*	<LD	<LD	0.02*	<LD
NO2- (mg L^-1)	3.00*	1.00	4.00*	1.00	3.35*	0.70	<LD	<LD	1.00	1.00	2.50*	1.00	8.00*	1.33*	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	<LD	<LD	<LD
P (mg L^-1)	0.56*	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	<LD	0.56*	<LD	<LD	<LD	0.01	0.02	0.01	<LD	0.30*	<LD	0.2*	<LD	<LD	<LD
S (mg L^-1)	0.05*	0.001	0.03*	0.001	0.03*	0.002	0.04*	0.001	0.03*	0.001	0.03*	0.001	0.05*	0.001	0.05*	0.002	0.04*	0.002	0.04*	0.001	0.04*	0.001
TTC	P	A	P	A	A	A	P	A	P	A	P	A	A	A	P	A	P	A	P	A	P	A

Element	Stage A		Stage B		Stage C
	Min	Max	Min	Max	Min	Max
	------------------------------------ mg L^-1 --------------------------------------
N	85.0	216.0	107.0	272.0	142.0	942.0
NO3-	16.9	27.3	8.1	28.0	7.2	17.3
NH4+	17.9	32.5	7.8	23.2	15.2	31.7
P	183.4	300.1	70.4	313.0	100.0	224.0
K	28.5	219.1	0.0	259.1	90.6	212.3
Ca	0.0	131.5	0.0	116.0	0.0	38.4
Mg	49.7	53.7	0.0	54.1	40.4	53.5
S	0.0	4.0	1.7	23.7	0.0	11.0
Fe	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.6	0.2	0.6

Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola SBEA - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas FCAV/UNESP, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, km 5, 14884.900 | Jaboticabal - SP, Tel./Fax: +55 16 3209 7619 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistasbea@sbea.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] 1* Corresponding author. University of Campinas - UNICAMP, School of Agricultural Engineering/Campinas - SP, Brazil. E-mail: thaisqzc@unicamp.br